J. R. Maddicott, The Origins of the English Parliament, 924–1327. Oxford/New York/Auckland, Oxford University Press 2010

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.Peer Reviewe

Why archaeologists, historians and geneticists should work together – and how

In recent years, molecular genetics has opened up an entirely new approach to human histo- ry. DNA evidence is now being used not only in studies of early human evolution (molecular anthropology), but is increasingly helping to solve the puzzles of history. This emergent re- search field has become known as »genetic history«. The paper gives an overview on this new field of research. The aim is both to discuss in what ways the ascendant discipline of genetic history is relevant, and to pinpoint both the potenti- als and the pitfalls of the field. At the same time, we would like to raise the profile of the field within the humanities and cultural studies. We hope that the opportunity for communication between representatives of different disciplines will contribute to loosening up the wides- pread monodisciplinary method of working and, in particular, bring together the relevant scientific and cultural streams of research

The 1872 Baltic Sea storm surge

On 13 November 1872, the Baltic Sea coast from Denmark to Pomerania was devastated by an extreme storm surge caused by high winds. This is still the strongest surge on record, and understanding its development can contribute to improved risk assessment and protection. In this paper we trace this event in sea-level pressure and wind data from the “Twentieth Century Reanalysis” (20CR) and compare the results with other observation-based data sources. The analysis shows that, in the ensemble mean of 20CR, the general development is qualitatively well depicted, but with much reduced strength compared to other data sets. The same is true when selecting the ensemble member with maximum wind speeds

Über die Herausforderung der Geschichtswissenschaft durch die Genetik: Zwölf Thesen zur „Genetic History“

DNA, Gen (Quelle: Pixabay, Lizenz CC0 Public Domain) Die Herausforderung der Genetic History ist da, gleich ob Historiker(Innen) sie annehmen oder nicht. Genetiker haben längst eine eigene Wissensproduktion zur Vergangenheit etabliert, die auch ein starkes Interesse in der Öffentlichkeit findet. Historiker können nur verlieren, wenn sie diese Herausforderung weiter bewusst ignorieren oder pauschal ablehnen. Eine Geschichtswissenschaft, die auf eine konkurrierende Vergangenheitsdisziplin ni..

Le pouvoir de l’Inquisition à travers ses peines. Le cas de Montauban (1241)

Our contribution analyzes the power of Languedocian inquisitors of the first generation (starting in 1233-34) through their penalties, by examining a local case, a mass punishment that happened in Montauban (Tarn-et-Garonne) in 1241 AD. The inquisitor imposed very different penances according to offences. A close investigation of municipal sources allows us to suppose that at least the harshest penalties were never carried out. Furthermore, one may safely exclude a social stigmatization of penitents, even the most harshly affected. As it happens, the penal power of «l’Inquisition» seems really restricted. In the framework of a collective «negociation» strategy with the penalizing church, the penalized group, largely identifiable with urban elites, seems to have got a relatively lenient penalty and then a favourable commutation of sentence

Mittelalterliche Migrationen als Gegenstand der ‚Genetic History‘

Genetic History untersucht historische Fragen mit der Quelle DNA. Migrationen sind ihr Hauptgegenstand, woraus sich eine große Bedeutung für die Mediävistik ergibt. Doch bis vor kurzem waren Historiker nicht beteiligt. Der Beitrag gibt eine Definition der neuen Disziplin (1), untersucht die Rolle des Konzeptes Migration in der Populationsgenetik (2) und beschreibt den Stand der Migrationsforschung in der Mediävistik (3). Anschließend gibt er einen kurzen Überblick über die von der Genetic History untersuchten Migrationsräume (4), betrachtet exemplarisch zunächst eine Studie zur angelsächsischen Migration nach Britannien (5) und dann ein aktuelles Projekt, in dem erstmals ein Mediävist die Leitung innehat (6). Der Beitrag endet mit einigen allgemeinen Beobachtungen und Postulaten (7).Genetic History is the study of historical questions with DNA as a source. Migrations are its main subject. It is thus very relevant to Medieval Studies. Yet until recently historians have not been involved. The contribution provides a definition of the new discipline (1), explores the role of migration as a concept in Population Genetics (2) and describes the state of migration studies in Medieval History (3). It then sets out for an overview of medieval migratory areas studied by Genetic History (4) and takes an exemplary look first (5) at a study on Anglo-Saxon migration to Britain and later (6) at a current project where for the first time a medieval historian has taken the lead. The contribution ends (7) with some general observations and stipulations

Why Archaeologists, Historians and Geneticists Should Work Together – and How

In recent years, molecular genetics has opened up an entirely new approach to human histo- ry. DNA evidence is now being used not only in studies of early human evolution (molecular anthropology), but is increasingly helping to solve the puzzles of history. This emergent re- search field has become known as »genetic history«. The paper gives an overview on this new field of research. The aim is both to discuss in what ways the ascendant discipline of genetic history is relevant, and to pinpoint both the potenti- als and the pitfalls of the field. At the same time, we would like to raise the profile of the field within the humanities and cultural studies. We hope that the opportunity for communication between representatives of different disciplines will contribute to loosening up the wides- pread monodisciplinary method of working and, in particular, bring together the relevant scientific and cultural streams of research

Why Archaeologists, Historians and Geneticists Should Work Together – and How. Medieval Worlds|Volume 2016.4 medieval worlds Volume 2016.4|

In recent years, molecular genetics has opened up an entirely new approach to human history. DNA evidence is now being used not only in studies of early human evolution (molecular anthropology), but is increasingly helping to solve the puzzles of history. This emergent research field has become known as »genetic history«. The paper gives an overview on this new field of research. The aim is both to discuss in what ways the ascendant discipline of genetic history is relevant, and to pinpoint both the potentials and the pitfalls of the field. At the same time, we would like to raise the profile of the field within the humanities and cultural studies. We hope that the opportunity for communication between representatives of different disciplines will contribute to loosening up the widespread monodisciplinary method of working and, in particular, bring together the relevant scientific and cultural streams of research

Normen parlamentarischen Redens in England (1600-1900)

Steinmetz W. Normen parlamentarischen Redens in England (1600-1900). In: Feuchter J, Helmarath J, eds. Parlamentarische Kulturen vom Mittelalter bis in die Moderne. Düsseldorf: Droste Verlag; 2013: 51-95

Did the Medieval West Receive a “Complete Model” of Education from Classical Islam? Reconsidering George Makdisi (1920–2002) and his Hypothesis

Geelhaar T. Did the Medieval West Receive a “Complete Model” of Education from Classical Islam? Reconsidering George Makdisi (1920–2002) and his Hypothesis. In: Feuchter J, Hoffmann F, Yun B, eds. Cultural Transfers in Dispute Representations in Asia, Europe and the Arab World since the Middle Ages. Eigene und fremde Welten. Vol 23. Frankfurt ; New York: Campus; 2011: 98-120