Alterações oftalmológicas decorrentes da desnutrição

INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is a process that generates numerous consequences for the human body, especially in the development of ocular comorbidities. The effect of this impact on people has been a source of study in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To seek understanding about ophthalmological alterations due to malnutrition. METHOLOGY: A literature search was carried out based on the descriptor “malnutrition'' and "eyes changes” in the PubMed database. A total of 290 articles were found, of which, after using filters and exclusion parameters, they were 10 articles were selected, in addition, two books were used, the “Guide to clinical nutrition in childhood and adolescence” and “Ophthalmology for graduation.” All literature used for this document lists ophthalmological alterations resulting from malnutrition. RESULTS: It was found that the low intake and malabsorption of nutrients and minerals has consequences for different ocular tissues. CONCLUSION: It is important to understand about ophthalmological changes due to malnutrition, in order to obtain an early diagnosis and avoid the appearance of optical deformities.  ANTECEDENTES: La desnutrición es un proceso que genera numerosas consecuencias para el organismo humano, especialmente en el desarrollo de comorbilidades oculares. El efecto de este impacto en el hombre ha sido fuente de estudio en la literatura. OBJETIVO: Buscar comprensión sobre las alteraciones oftalmológicas por desnutrición. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica basada en el descriptor “malnutrición” y “eyes changes” en la base de datos PubMed. Se encontraron un total de 290 artículos, de los cuales, luego de utilizar filtros y parámetros de exclusión, se seleccionaron 10 artículos. , además, se utilizaron dos libros, la “Guía de nutrición clínica en la niñez y la adolescencia” y “Oftalmología para la graduación”. Toda la literatura utilizada para este documento enumera las alteraciones oftalmológicas derivadas de la desnutrición. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que la baja ingesta y la malabsorción de nutrientes y minerales tiene consecuencias para los diferentes tejidos oculares. CONCLUSIÓN: Es importante conocer los cambios oftalmológicos por desnutrición, para obtener un diagnóstico precoz y evitar la aparición de deformidades ópticas.INTRUDUÇÃO: A desnutrição é um processo que gera inúmeras consequências para o corpo humano, sobretudo no desenvolvimento de comorbidades oculares. O efeito desse impacto no homem tem sido fonte de estudo na literatura. OBJETIVO: Buscar entendimento sobre as alterações oftalmológicas devido a desnutrição. METOLOGIA: Foi realizada uma busca literária com base no descritor “malnutrition’’ e "eyes changes” na base de dados do PubMed. Ao total, foram encontrados 290 artigos, dos quais, após a utilização de filtros e de parâmetros de exclusão, foram selecionados 10 artigos, além disso, foram utilizados dois livros, o “Guia de nutrição clínica na infância e na adolescência” e “Oftalmologia para a graduação”. Todas as literaturas utilizadas para esse documento relacionam alterações oftalmológicas decorrentes da desnutrição. RESULTADOS: Foi constatado que a baixa ingestão e a má absorção de nutrientes e de minerais gera consequências para diversos tecidos oculares. CONCLUSÃO: É relevante entender sobre as modificações oftalmológicas devido a desnutrição, em busca de obter diagnóstico precoce e evitar o aparecimento de deformidades ópticas

Uso de Canabinoides no Manejo da Dor em Cuidados Paliativos

Palliative care (PC) can be defined as “active holistic care for individuals of all ages with serious health-related suffering due to serious illnesses and especially those close to the end of life” (Brazil, 2022), aiming to improve the quality of life of patients, families and caregivers. In this context, medicinal cannabis has aroused interest due to its potential to alleviate symptoms in patients with serious illnesses and/or terminal diagnoses. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cannabinoids in the treatment of chronic and acute pain in patients receiving palliative care. This is an integrative literature review prepared with thirteen articles based on searches in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), EBSCOhost and Google Scholar databases through the articulation of descriptors with Boolean operators. The results showed that medicinal cannabis shows promise in palliative care for controlling pain and nausea, but the evidence is still limited and often anecdotal, limiting its clinical application and highlighting the need for more high-quality clinical trials. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct more thoughtful research and provide continuing education to healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective integration of medical cannabis into palliative care.Los cuidados paliativos (CP) pueden definirse como “cuidados holísticos activos para personas de todas las edades con graves sufrimientos relacionados con la salud debido a enfermedades graves y especialmente aquellas cercanas al final de la vida” (Brasil, 2022), con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida. vida de los pacientes, familias y cuidadores. En este contexto, el cannabis medicinal ha despertado interés por su potencial para aliviar síntomas en pacientes con enfermedades graves y/o diagnósticos terminales. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la eficacia de los cannabinoides en el tratamiento del dolor crónico y agudo en pacientes que reciben cuidados paliativos. Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura elaborada con trece artículos basados ​​en búsquedas en las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), EBSCOhost y Google Scholar mediante la articulación de descriptores con operadores booleanos. Los resultados mostraron que el cannabis medicinal es prometedor en cuidados paliativos para controlar el dolor y las náuseas, pero la evidencia aún es limitada y a menudo anecdótica, lo que limita su aplicación clínica y resalta la necesidad de realizar más ensayos clínicos de alta calidad. Por lo tanto, es fundamental realizar investigaciones más exhaustivas y brindar educación continua a los profesionales de la salud para garantizar la integración segura y efectiva del cannabis medicinal en los cuidados paliativos.Os cuidados paliativos (CP) podem ser definidos como “cuidados holísticos ativos a indivíduos de todas as idades com sérios sofrimentos relacionados à saúde em razão de doenças graves e especialmente àqueles próximos ao fim de vida” (Brasil, 2022), tendo como objetivo melhorar a qualidade de vida de pacientes, familiares e cuidadores. Nesse contexto, a cannabis medicinal tem despertado interesse devido ao seu potencial para aliviar sintomas em pacientes com doenças graves e/ou diagnósticos terminais. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a eficácia de canabinóides no tratamento da dor crônica e aguda em pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura elaborada com treze artigos a partir de pesquisas nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), EBSCOhost e Google Scholar através da articulação dos descritores com operadores booleanos. Os resultados evidenciaram que a cannabis medicinal mostra-se promissora em cuidados paliativos para controle da dor e náusea, mas as evidências ainda são limitadas e muitas vezes anedóticas, limitando a sua aplicação clínica e destacando a necessidade de mais ensaios clínicos de alta qualidade. Portanto, é crucial realizar mais pesquisas criteriosas e fornecer educação continuada aos profissionais de saúde para garantir uma integração segura e eficaz da cannabis medicinal em cuidados paliativos

Relações entre profissionais de saúde e usuários durante as práticas em saúde Relationships between health professionals and users throughout health care practices

Apresenta-se uma revisão integrativa sobre estudos que abordam as relações entre profissionais de saúde e usuários durante as práticas em saúde. Objetivou-se identificar os aspectos pesquisados no cotidiano dos serviços acerca dessas relações. A coleta foi realizada nas bases Lilacs e Pubmed segundo os descritores: acolhimento; relações profissional-família; relações profissional-paciente; humanização da assistência; e a palavra 'vínculo' associada ao descritor Sistema Único de Saúde. Selecionaram-se 290 estudos publicados entre 1990 e 2010. Por meio da análise temática, foram criados cinco núcleos de sentido: a relevância da confiança na relação profissional-usuário; sentimentos e sentidos na prática do cuidado; a importância da comunicação nos serviços de saúde; modo de organização das práticas em saúde; e (des)colonialismo. Identificou-se que as relações estabelecidas nas práticas de saúde têm uma dimensão transformadora. No entanto, permanece o desafio de humanizar os serviços de saúde. A enfermagem se destaca na produção do conhecimento nessa temática.<br>This article presents an integrative review about studies that address the relationships between health professionals and users in health care practices. It aimed to identify aspects that were researched on the daily life of the services concerning such relationships. Data were collected from the Lilacs and Pubmed databases based on these descriptors: user embracement; professionalfamily relations; professionalpatient relations; humanization of the care; and the bonding word associated to the Single Health System descriptor. Two hundred and ninety studies, published from 1990 to 2010, were selected. Through thematic analyses, five meaning cores were created: the relevance of the confidence in the professionaluser relationship; feelings and senses in the health care practice; the importance of communications in health care services; ways to organize health care practices and (de)colonialism. It was found that relationships established in health care practices have a transformative dimension. However, the challenge to humanize health care services remains. Nursing stands out in the production of knowledge on such theme

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora