Critical success factors of University-Industry R&D collaborations

University-industry R&D collaborations (UICs) play a vital role in stimulating open innovation that leads to new products, processes, and services that creates value for customers and broader societal impact. UICs, however, commonly fail to meet these stakeholders’ benefits. This study identifies thirty-four critical success factors (CSFs) for improving UIC success. The study includes a systematic literature review and a longitudinal UIC case study between Bosch Car Multimedia in Portugal and University of Minho, a multi-million Euro R&D collaboration from 2013 to 2021. The importance of the CSFs is discussed in the context of the UIC lifecycle. A survey among researchers and industry practitioners involved in R&D collaborative projects was completed to confirm the analysis of the empirical results. This paper provides UIC managers with CSFs, which, when addressed competently, can provide a basis for successful UIC projects and sustainable university-industry collaborationsThe authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2021), ALGORITMI60 (UIDB/00319/2020) and CEMMPRE (UIDB/00285/2020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Electrochemical behavior of Ti/Al2O3 interfaces produced by diffusion bonding

In the field of biomedical applications a special interest exists regarding the study of the physicochemical and mechanical behaviour of materials, with special focus on the electrochemical degradation of metal/ceramic interfaces. In fact, etal/ceramic interfaces may be present in several biomedical devices, ranging from external or implantable sensors, to dental implants. Diffusion bonding represents an important technique since, in opposition to other production technologies, such as active metal brazing, avoid the possible liberation of certain chemical components harmful to health. The aim of this work is to study the electrochemical degradation of the interface formed between commercially pure Ti and Al2O3 produced by diffusion bonding, in contact with a physiological solution. The present approach included the evaluation of the contribution of individual and pairs of interfacial layers on the global degradation processes. For this propose d.c. electrochemical techniques were used to monitor the open-circuit potential, and to perform potentiodynamic polarization and galvanic corrosion evaluation. Also, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used as a complementary technique of the corrosion behaviour of the interface. Chemical composition and morphology of samples and corrosion products were evaluated by SEM and EDS analysis. According to experimental results, two principal reaction layers were formed in the interface: TiAl and Ti3Al. The TiAl layer appears to be the responsible for the strong increase in corrosion rate of the interface.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia -POCTI/CTM/33384/2000; SFRH/BPD/ 5518/2001

Estádio de adaptação de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em hospedeiros alternativos

A principal praga-alvo na cultura do milho é a lagarta-do-cartucho, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), que, pela sua ampla distribuição temporal e geográfica constitui-se em uma das espécies mais nocivas nas regiões tropicais das Américas. O objetivo foi avaliar o estádio de adaptação de S. frugiperda em 17 espécies hospedeiras, cultivadas ou selvagens, mais comuns no agroecossistema brasileiro. As plantas foram cultivadas em cinco épocas, entre 2006 e 2008, utilizando o milho como padrão. Larvas de S. frugiperda recém-eclodidas foram individualizadas e confinadas em copo plástico (50 mL), onde foram alimentadas com seções de folha nova de cada hospedeiro. O alimento foi substituído a cada dois dias por folhas frescas. Quatro variáveis biológicas foram avaliadas e utilizadas para se calcular um Índice de Adaptação (IA). Os resultados indicaram que a sobrevivência inicial de S. frugiperda variou de 100%, no milho, a 46%, no arroz. O período larval variou de 12,6 dias, no milho, a 27,1 dias, na grama batatais. A biomassa de pupa variou de 173,1 mg, no carrapicho, a 294,2 mg, no milho. O índice de adaptação, calculado com base nas variáveis biológicas de S. frugiperda, nos hospedeiros avaliados, variou de 17,43, no milho cultivado na época I, a 1,46, na cana-de-açúcar na época III. Para corrigir o efeito de época sobre o índice de adaptação de S. frugiperda nos hospedeiros, foi calculado o Índice Relativo de Adaptação (IRA), com base no índice de adaptação no milho (100%). Assim, com base no índice relativo de adaptação, estimado em condições de laboratório, os hospedeiros alternativos ao milho, para S. frugiperda, podem ser assim ordenados, do maior para o menor índice: sorgo granífero, sorgo selvagem, milheto, capim-tanzânia, amendoim, capim-marandu, capim-braquiária, caruru-de-porco, trigo, soja, algodão, feijão, arroz, capim-carrapicho, grama batatais e cana-de-açúcar

Gravitational Collapse of Phantom Fluid in (2+1)-Dimensions

This investigation is devoted to the solutions of Einstein's field equations for a circularly symmetric anisotropic fluid, with kinematic self-similarity of the first kind, in $(2+1)$-dimensional spacetimes. In the case where the radial pressure vanishes, we show that there exists a solution of the equations that represents the gravitational collapse of an anisotropic fluid, and this collapse will eventually form a black hole, even when it is constituted by the phantom energy.Comment: 10 page

Magnetic Chitosan Bionanocomposite Films as a Versatile Platform for Biomedical Hyperthermia

Responsive magnetic nanomaterials offer significant advantages for innovative therapies, for instance, in cancer treatments that exploit on-demand delivery on alternating magnetic field (AMF) stimulus. In this work, biocompatible magnetic bionanocomposite films are fabricated from chitosan by film casting with incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) produced by facile one pot synthesis. The influence of synthesis conditions and MNP concentration on the films’ heating efficiency and heat dissipation are evaluated through spatio-temporal mapping of the surface temperature changes by video-thermography. The cast films have a thickness below 100 µm, and upon exposure to AMF (663 kHz, 12.8 kA m−1), induce exceptionally strong heating, reaching a maximum temperature increase of 82 °C within 270 s irradiation. Further, it is demonstrated that the films can serve as substrates that supply heat for multiple hyperthermia scenarios, including: i) non-contact automated heating of cell culture medium, ii) heating of gelatine-based hydrogels of different shapes, and iii) killing of cancerous melanoma cells. The films are versatile components for non-contact stimulus with translational potential in multiple biomedical applications. © 2023 The Authors. Advanced Healthcare Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.This work was developed within the scope of the projects CICECO– Aveiro Institute of Materials UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 &LA/P/0006/2020, CESAM -UIDP/50017/2020, and UIDB/50017/2020 andLA/P/0094/2020 and M-ERA-NET2/0021/2016 – BIOFOODPACK – Bio-composite Packaging for Active Preservation of Food. A.B. is thankfulto FCT for grant SFRH/BD/148856/2019. C.N. is grateful to the Por-tuguese national funds (OE) through FCT IP in the scope of the frame-work contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5, and 6 of the Article 23of the Decree-Law 57/2016 of August 29 changed by Law 57/2017 ofJuly 19. J.K.W., D.W., and D.F.B. acknowledge support from the ScienceFoundation Ireland (16/IA/4584). E.R.-H. acknowledges financial supportfrom the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Spain, project PID2019-105479RB-I00). M.M.C. and L.P.F. acknowledge FCT for Centre grantsUIDB/04046/2020 and UIDP/04046/2020 to BioISI. Part of the work in this article is based on the mobility exchange program of COST ActionCA18132, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Tech-nology). FCT is also acknowledged for the research contract under Scien-tific Employment Stimulus to H.O. (CEECIND/04050/2017).Open access funding provided by IReLSupporting InformationPeer reviewe

Linear and non-linear perturbations in dark energy models

I review the linear and second-order perturbation theory in dark energy models with explicit interaction to matter in view of applications to N-body simulations and non-linear phenomena. Several new or generalized results are obtained: the general equations for the linear perturbation growth; an analytical expression for the bias induced by a species-dependent interaction; the Yukawa correction to the gravitational potential due to dark energy interaction; the second-order perturbation equations in coupled dark energy and their Newtonian limit. I also show that a density-dependent effective dark energy mass arises if the dark energy coupling is varying.Comment: 12 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev; v2: added a ref. and corrected a typ

Detection of inconsistencies in geospatial data with geostatistics

Almost every researcher has come through observations that “drift” from the rest of the sample, suggesting some inconsistency. The aim of this paper is to propose a new inconsistent data detection method for continuous geospatial data based in Geostatistics, independently from the generative cause (measuring and execution errors and inherent variability data). The choice of Geostatistics is based in its ideal characteristics, as avoiding systematic errors, for example. The importance of a new inconsistent detection method proposal is in the fact that some existing methods used in geospatial data consider theoretical assumptions hardly attended. Equally, the choice of the data set is related to the importance of the LiDAR technology (Light Detection and Ranging) in the production of Digital Elevation Models (DEM). Thus, with the new methodology it was possible to detect and map discrepant data. Comparing it to a much utilized detections method, BoxPlot, the importance and functionality of the new method was verified, since the BoxPlot did not detect any data classified as discrepant. The proposed method pointed that, in average, 1,2% of the data of possible regionalized inferior outliers and, in average, 1,4% of possible regionalized superior outliers, in relation to the set of data used in the study