Avaliação dos índices PET e UTCI em espaços públicos centrais, Palmas, Tocantins

Esse artigo é fruto de dois projetos de iniciação científica do curso de Engenharia Civil do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Tocantins. Tem como objetivo avaliar a aplicação de dois índices de conforto térmico, PET e UTCI, em espaços urbanos externos na cidade de Palmas–TO. A escolha do tema deve-se à carência de pesquisas com conforto térmico em áreas externas na cidade, bem como devido à impossibilidade de controle artificial desses espaços. A estação seca é o período foco da pesquisa, tendo em vista que é a estação de maiores temperaturas máximas do ano, nos meses de agosto e setembro. A pesquisa buscou determinar a eficiência dos índices de conforto térmico selecionados com as respostas das pessoas, utilizando proposta comparativa de recentes estudos brasileiros. Percebeu-se que o índice UTCI tem maior aproximação da sensação térmica real dos entrevistados, apesar de, da mesma forma que o PET, superestimar a percepção de conforto. O presente estudo abre mais uma possibilidade na caracterização do conforto térmico, contribuindo para futuras pesquisas sobre o tema em climas semelhantes. Sugere-se a continuidade dos estudos destes índices com a sua respectiva calibração para a região em estudo.Termos para indexação: conforto térmico, espaços abertos, índices de conforto térmico Assessment of indices PET and UTCI in central public spaces, Palmas, TocantinsThis paper is the result of two scientific initiation projects of Civil Engineering Course at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Tocantins. It has as its objective to evaluate the application of two thermal comfort indices, PET and UTCI, in outdoor urban spaces in Palmas–TO. The choice of topic is due to the lack of research on thermal comfort in outdoor areas in this city. Also, its due to the impossibility of artificial control of these spaces. The dry season is the focus of this research, considering that is the season with higher values of temperature, in months August and September. The research quested to determine the application efficiency of the selected thermal comfort indexes with responses of the inhabitants, using comparative proposal of recent brazilian researches. It is perceived that the UTCI index is nearer the real thermal sensation of respondents, though, it overestimates the perception of comfort just as the PET. This study gives one more possibility for the characterization of thermal comfort, contributing to future research on the subject in similar climates. It is suggested continuing studies of these indices with calibration of them for the region studied.Index terms: thermal comfort, open spaces, thermal comfort indice

Energy metabolism: gluconeogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation

Most animal cells are able to meet their energy needs from the oxidation of various types of compounds: sugars, fatty acids, amino acids, but some tissues and cells of our body depend exclusively on glucose and the brain is the largest consumer of all. That is why the body has mechanisms in order to keep glucose levels stable. As it decreases, the degradation of hepatic glycogen occurs, which maintains the appropriate levels of blood glucose allowing its capture continues by those tissues, even in times of absence of food intake. But this reserve is limited, so another metabolic pathway is triggered for glucose production, which occurs in the kidneys and liver and is called gluconeogenesis, which means the synthesis of glucose from non-glucose compounds such as amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. Most stages of glycolysis use the same enzymes as glycolysis, but it makes the opposite sense and differs in three stages or also called deviations: the first is the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate and oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate. The second deviation is the conversion of fructose 1,6 biphosphate to fructose 6 phosphate and the third and last deviation is the conversion of glucose 6 phosphate to glucose

Anti-inflammatory foods: human food patterns, bioactive principles and mechanisms of action

With the increase in life expectancy accompanied by the gradual decrease in the birth rate as well as the greater income distribution associated with the quantitative increase in the minimum wage above inflation and the increase in its purchasing power, today the Brazilian population shows a moment exactly opposite to that found in the last century both in epidemiological terms and in the nutritional pattern. Brazil is currently experiencing the same pattern of mortality as developed countries: the majority of chronic non-communicable diseases are the main cause of death associated with an established model of obesity and sedentarism. These factors incline the scientific community and health professionals to turn their efforts to find food solutions that ease this epidemiological picture and it is in this context that anti-inflammatory foods have gained prominence. The following describes the main compounds that fit this magnitude of effect and their mechanisms of action

Avanços da cirurgia robótica no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares

Várias cirurgias médicas já utilizaram a tecnologia robótica, tais como: cirurgias no estômago, bexiga, rins, próstata, cérebro e inclusive no coração, o qual proporciona-se a reparação de válvulas cardíacas e até mesmo cirurgias nas artérias. O principal objetivo do presente estudo é discutir por meio da literatura científica acerca dos avanços da cirurgia robótica no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, dos quais, utilizou-se as bases e biblioteca eletrônica Scielo e Periódico Capes, totalizando 5 artigos elegíveis. A cirurgia robótica tem sido um dos principais métodos utilizados em tratamentos cardiovasculares quando comparados com técnicas convencionais, sobretudo, no que diz respeito, a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Alterações cognitivas na infecção pelo HIV: uma revisão sistemática: Cognitive changes in HIV infection: a systematic review

Provocada pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana, com a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida, numa pessoa tem o seu sistema imunológico prejudicado, tornando-se suscetível a outras doenças e infecção. Tem-se a estimativa de que 50% dos infectados com o referido vírus podem sofrer alterações cognitivas. Diante disso, este estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre mudanças estruturais cerebrais e comprometimento cognitivo em pacientes com HIV. Portanto, trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, desenvolvida a partir da seleção de estudos nas bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed e BVS/Medline a partir do uso de descritores DeCS/MeSH e aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Após a análise e interpretação dos dados, concluiu-se que há uma significativa prevalência de HAND em adultos infectados por HIV, no que se refere a alterações cognitivas, especialmente entre pacientes do sexo feminino, de baixa escolaridade e renda, com diagnóstico tardio e baixa quantidade de linfócitos CD4 no início do tratamento. Entre essas pessoas, revelam-se comprometimentos quanto à memória, atenção, controle de impulsos, velocidade de processamento e motora, dentre outros

Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era

The LHCb Upgrade II will fully exploit the flavour-physics opportunities of the HL-LHC, and study additional physics topics that take advantage of the forward acceptance of the LHCb spectrometer. The LHCb Upgrade I will begin operation in 2020. Consolidation will occur, and modest enhancements of the Upgrade I detector will be installed, in Long Shutdown 3 of the LHC (2025) and these are discussed here. The main Upgrade II detector will be installed in long shutdown 4 of the LHC (2030) and will build on the strengths of the current LHCb experiment and the Upgrade I. It will operate at a luminosity up to 2×1034 cm−2s−1, ten times that of the Upgrade I detector. New detector components will improve the intrinsic performance of the experiment in certain key areas. An Expression Of Interest proposing Upgrade II was submitted in February 2017. The physics case for the Upgrade II is presented here in more depth. CP-violating phases will be measured with precisions unattainable at any other envisaged facility. The experiment will probe b → sl+l−and b → dl+l− transitions in both muon and electron decays in modes not accessible at Upgrade I. Minimal flavour violation will be tested with a precision measurement of the ratio of B(B0 → μ+μ−)/B(Bs → μ+μ−). Probing charm CP violation at the 10−5 level may result in its long sought discovery. Major advances in hadron spectroscopy will be possible, which will be powerful probes of low energy QCD. Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier

LHCb upgrade software and computing : technical design report

This document reports the Research and Development activities that are carried out in the software and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure. An implementation plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis