3,761 research outputs found
Nonlinearities and Price Puzzle in Brazil
What is called a price puzzle is a positive and persistent response of ination to a unit shock in the interest rate's innovation. Using a VAR to analyse monetary policy in Brazil, this paper comes to the conclusion that when nonlinearities in the data were considered, most of this e_ect vanishes. This is done _rstly by checking if the series are unit root processes or nonlinear trend stationary. After that a nonparametric co-trending analysis was applied. The test result favored a common nonlinear trend between ination and the interest rate, which seems to a_ect the system innovation analysis, inducing most of the price puzzle e_ect.Monetary Policy, Nonlinearities, Nonlinear Trend, Co-Trending, Common Treds, Price Puzzle
Forecasting Quarterly Brazilian GDP Growth Rate With Linear and NonLinear Diffusion Index Models
This paper uses linear and non-linear diffusion index models and combination of them to produce one-step-ahead forecast of quarterly Brazilian GDP growth rate. The non-linear diffusion index models are not only parsimonious ones, but they also purport to describe economic cycles through a Threshold diffusion index model and a Markov-Switching diffusion index model.Forecasting, Brazilian GDP, Diffusion Index, Threshold, Markov-Switching
VO2 thin films and nanoparticles for energy-saving applications in architectural elements
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a promising material with large interest in construction industry and architecture, due to its thermochromic properties. This material may be used to create "smart" coatings that result in improvements in the buildings energy efficiency, by reducing heat exchanges and, consequently, the need for acclimatization. In this work, VO2 thin films and coatings were produced and tested in laboratory, to apply in architectural elements, such as glass, rooftop tiles and exterior paints. Thin films were produced by RF magnetron sputtering and VO2 nanoparticles were obtained through hydrothermal synthesis, aiming to create "smart" windows and tiles, respectively. These coatings have demonstrated the capability to modulate the transmittance of infrared radiation by around 20%. The VO2 nanoparticle coatings were successfully applied on ceramic tiles. The critical temperature was reduced to around 40ºC by tungsten doping. Ultimately, two identical house models were built, in order to test the VO2 coatings, in real atmospheric conditions during one of the hottest months of the year, in Portugal – August
ForamViT-GAN: Exploring New Paradigms in Deep Learning for Micropaleontological Image Analysis
Micropaleontology in geosciences focuses on studying the evolution of
microfossils (e.g., foraminifera) through geological records to reconstruct
past environmental and climatic conditions. This field heavily relies on visual
recognition of microfossil features, making it suitable for computer vision
technology, specifically deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to automate
and optimize microfossil identification and classification. However, the
application of deep learning in micropaleontology is hindered by limited
availability of high-quality, high-resolution labeled fossil images and the
significant manual labeling effort required by experts. To address these
challenges, we propose a novel deep learning workflow combining hierarchical
vision transformers with style-based generative adversarial network algorithms
to efficiently acquire and synthetically generate realistic high-resolution
labeled datasets of micropaleontology in large volumes. Our study shows that
this workflow can generate high-resolution images with a high signal-to-noise
ratio (39.1 dB) and realistic synthetic images with a Frechet inception
distance similarity score of 14.88. Additionally, our workflow provides a large
volume of self-labeled datasets for model benchmarking and various downstream
visual tasks, including fossil classification and segmentation. For the first
time, we performed few-shot semantic segmentation of different foraminifera
chambers on both generated and synthetic images with high accuracy. This novel
meta-learning approach is only possible with the availability of
high-resolution, high-volume labeled datasets. Our deep learning-based workflow
shows promise in advancing and optimizing micropaleontological research and
other visual-dependent geological analyses
Brazilian key-thinkers on education
It is almost a consensus among the Brazilians that, in order to solve the social issues, the education must be improved. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the Brazilian key-thinkers on education. Rui Barbosa, Fernando de Azevedo, Anísio Teixeira, Cecília Meireles, and Paulo Freire were selected because they worked to develop some aspects of education: politics, educational system, philosophy of education, childhood education and pedagogical methods. These intellectuals fought against powerful societal forces, but they did not give up on transforming the Brazilian education, and, consequently, the Brazilian society. Therefore, they were selected to represent the Brazilian key-thinkers on education
Digital Complex Correlator for a C-band Polarimetry survey
The international Galactic Emission Mapping project aims to map and
characterize the polarization field of the Milky Way. In Portugal it will
cartograph the C-band sky polarized emission of the Northern Hemisphere and
provide templates for map calibration and foreground control of microwave space
probes like ESA Planck Surveyor mission. The receiver system is equipped with a
novel receiver with a full digital back-end using an Altera Field Programmable
Gate Array, having a very favorable cost/performance relation. This new digital
backend comprises a base-band complex cross-correlator outputting the four
Stokes parameters of the incoming polarized radiation. In this document we
describe the design and implementation of the complex correlator using COTS
components and a processing FPGA, detailing the method applied in the several
algorithm stages and suitable for large sky area surveys.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures; submitted to Experimental Astronomy, Springe
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