4,215 research outputs found
Letter from K. Malamis, President of the Athenian Humanitarian Society, to Geraldine Ferraro
Letter from K. Malamis, President of the Athenian Humanitarian Society, to Geraldine Ferraro. Author discusses Turkish-Greek relations. Letter has handwritten notes.https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/vice_presidential_campaign_correspondence_1984_international/1365/thumbnail.jp
Quantization of a generally covariant gauge system with two super Hamiltonian constraints
The Becci-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) operator quantization of a
finite-dimensional gauge system featuring two quadratic super Hamiltonian and m
linear supermomentum constraints is studied as a model for quantizing generally
covariant gauge theories. The proposed model ``completely'' mimics the
constraint algebra of General Relativity. The Dirac constraint operators are
identified by realizing the BRST generator of the system as a Hermitian
nilpotent operator, and a physical inner product is introduced to complete a
consistent quantization procedure.Comment: 17 pages. Latex file. Minor changes, two references adde
Criminal Procedure - United States v. De Gross: The Ninth Circuit Expands Restrictions on a Criminal Defendant\u27s Right to Exercise Peremptory Challenges
The role of initial entanglement and nonGaussianity in the decoherence of photon number entangled states evolving in a noisy channel
We address the degradation of continuous variable (CV) entanglement in a
noisy channel focusing on the set of photon-number entangled states. We exploit
several separability criteria and compare the resulting separation times with
the value of non-Gaussianity at any time, thus showing that in the
low-temperature regime: i) non-Gaussianity is a bound for the relative entropy
of entanglement and ii) Simon' criterion provides a reliable estimate of the
separation time also for nonGaussian states. We provide several evidences
supporting the conjecture that Gaussian entanglement is the most robust against
noise, i.e. it survives longer than nonGaussian one, and that this may be a
general feature for CV systems in Markovian channels.Comment: revised version, title and figures change
Modeling the chemical evolution of Omega Centauri using three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations
We present a hydrodynamical and chemical model for the globular cluster Omega
Cen, under the assumption that it is the remnant of an ancient dwarf spheroidal
galaxy (dSph), the bulk of which was disrupted and accreted by our Galaxy ~10
Gyr ago. We highlight the very different roles played by Type II and Type Ia
supernovae (SNe) in the chemical enrichment of the inner regions of the
putative parent dSph. While the SNe II pollute the interstellar medium rather
uniformly, the SNe Ia ejecta may remain confined inside dense pockets of gas as
long as succesive SNe II explosions spread them out. Stars forming in such
pockets have lower alpha-to-iron ratios than the stars forming elsewhere. Owing
to the inhomogeneous pollution by SNe Ia, the metal distribution of the stars
in the central region differs substantially from that of the main population of
the dwarf galaxy, and resembles that observed in Omega Cen. This inhomogeneous
mixing is also responsible for a radial segregation of iron-rich stars with
depleted [alpha/Fe] ratios, as observed in some dSphs. Assuming a star
formation history of ~1.5 Gyr, our model succeeds in reproducing both the iron
and calcium distributions observed in Omega Cen and the main features observed
in the empirical alpha/Fe versus Fe/H plane. Finally, our model reproduces the
overall spread of the color-magnitude diagram, but fails in reproducing the
morphology of the SGB-a and the double morphology of the main sequence.
However, the inhomogeneous pollution reduces (but does not eliminate) the need
for a significantly enhanced helium abundance to explain the anomalous position
of the blue main sequence. Further models taking into account the dynamical
interaction of the parent dwarf galaxy with the Milky Way and the effect of AGB
pollution will be required.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures. MNRAS accepte
Magnetic flux pumping in 3D nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic simulations
A self-regulating magnetic flux pumping mechanism in tokamaks that maintains
the core safety factor at , thus preventing sawteeth, is analyzed
in nonlinear 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations using the M3D-C code. In
these simulations, the most important mechanism responsible for the flux
pumping is that a saturated quasi-interchange instability generates
an effective negative loop voltage in the plasma center via a dynamo effect. It
is shown that sawtoothing is prevented in the simulations if is
sufficiently high to provide the necessary drive for the
instability that generates the dynamo loop voltage. The necessary amount of
dynamo loop voltage is determined by the tendency of the current density
profile to centrally peak which, in our simulations, is controlled by the
peakedness of the applied heat source profile.Comment: submitted to Physics of Plasmas (23 pages, 15 Figures
Quantization of generally covariant systems with extrinsic time
A generally covariant system can be deparametrized by means of an
``extrinsic'' time, provided that the metric has a conformal ``temporal''
Killing vector and the potential exhibits a suitable behavior with respect to
it. The quantization of the system is performed by giving the well ordered
constraint operators which satisfy the algebra. The searching of these
operators is enlightned by the methods of the BRST formalism.Comment: 10 pages. Definite published versio
Letter from Jamus J. K. Smith, Director of Law and Administration for the City of Aberdeen, to Geraldine Ferraro
Letter from Jamus J. K. Smith, Director of Law and Administration for the City of Aberdeen, to Geraldine Ferraro. Mr. Smith discusses nuclear policy.https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/vice_presidential_campaign_correspondence_1984_international/1346/thumbnail.jp
Prescribing HIV PrEP and Education Needs Among Care Providers
Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a biomedical intervention to prevent the spread of HIV. Underprescribing PrEP could increase the probability of HIV exposure among serodivergent couples/partners and people who do not practice safer sex. Previous research on PrEP did not assess the association between awareness of PrEP, years of experience of the providers, provider types, and the frequency of PrEP among physicians. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that awareness of PrEP, years of experience, and provider types might be predictors of the frequency of PrEP among physicians. Precaution adoption process model and cross-sectional design were applied to survey 100 physicians. Kendall\u27s b correlation test and Fisher’s exact test showed that awareness was the primary barrier to prescribing PrEP at the providers’ level. Higher awareness of PrEP and years of experience were associated with the frequency of PrEP prescription. However, there was an insignificant difference between provider types and the frequency of PrEP prescription. The findings support the notion that independent from their years of experience and specialty, the more physicians know about PrEP, the more they prescribe it. The results and recommendations contribute to positive social change by providing information to develop a comprehensive PrEP education curriculum for care providers. Our findings indicate that physicians need education and training to fully understand the potential for PrEP to reduce HIV transmission
Dynamical age differences among coeval star clusters as revealed by blue stragglers
Globular star clusters that formed at the same cosmic time may have evolved
rather differently from a dynamical point of view (because that evolution
depends on the internal environment) through a variety of processes that tend
progressively to segregate stars more massive than the average towards the
cluster centre. Therefore clusters with the same chronological age may have
reached quite different stages of their dynamical history (that is, they may
have different dynamical ages). Blue straggler stars have masses greater than
those at the turn-off point on the main sequence and therefore must be the
result of either a collision or a mass-transfer event. Because they are among
the most massive and luminous objects in old clusters, they can be used as test
particles with which to probe dynamical evolution. Here we report that globular
clusters can be grouped into a few distinct families on the basis of the radial
distribution of blue stragglers. This grouping corresponds well to an effective
ranking of the dynamical stage reached by stellar systems, thereby permitting a
direct measure of the cluster dynamical age purely from observed properties.Comment: Published on the 20 December 2012 issue of Natur
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