Os impactos do cárcere nas relações familiares

O Brasil é um país que prende muito. Existem muitas pessoas enredadas pela prisão, para além daquelas que estão de fato encarceradas. O texto versa sobre as trajetórias e as adversidades enfrentadas por familiares de apenados que os visitam em estabelecimentos prisionais nos dias de visita. O trabalho retrata quatro unidades penais localizadas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, onde a pesquisa de campo da autora foi aplicada. Realizada a partir de um questionário criado com o objetivo de entender o perfil do preso visitado, o perfil dos visitantes de cada uma das quatro casas prisionais, bem como a relação dessas pessoas com seu familiar segregado, a pesquisa foi aplicada presencialmente pela autora junto ao público entrevistado – familiares visitantes – durante a fila de espera na porta dos presídios em dias de visita. Os resultados empíricos da pesquisa mostraram que o encarceramento de um integrante da família provoca uma reação em cadeia no âmbito pessoal, e a prisão acaba por atravessar a vida de inúmeras pessoas que não se encontram concretamente presas. Além da ausência física do integrante familiar, a prisão impõe uma reorganização na vida desses visitantes, uma reestruturação nas relações que atinge âmbitos emocionais, econômicos e profissionais. Ao final foram propostas três políticas públicas visando impactar positivamente a vida do público pesquisado.Brazil is a country that arrests a lot. There are many people encased in prison, other than those who are in fact incarcerated. The text deals with the trajectories and adversities faced by relatives of prisoners who visit them in prisons on visiting days. The work depicts four criminal units located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, where the author's field research was applied. Based on a questionnaire created with the objective of understanding the profile of the prisoner, the profile of visitors to each of the four prison houses, as well as the relationship of these people with their relatives under arrest, the research was applied in person by the author to the interviewed public – visiting family members – during the waiting line at the prison door on visiting days. The empirical results of the research showed that the incarceration of a family member provokes a chain reaction in the personal sphere, and the prison ends up going through the lives of countless people who are not concretely imprisoned. In addition to the physical absence of the family member, the prison imposes a reorganization in the lives of these visitors, a restructuring in relationships that reaches emotional, economic, and professional areas. In the end, three public policies were proposed to positively impact the lives of the public surveyed

Os impactos do cárcere nas relações familiares

O Brasil é um país que prende muito. Existem muitas pessoas enredadas pela prisão, para além daquelas que estão de fato encarceradas. O texto versa sobre as trajetórias e as adversidades enfrentadas por familiares de apenados que os visitam em estabelecimentos prisionais nos dias de visita. O trabalho retrata quatro unidades penais localizadas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, onde a pesquisa de campo da autora foi aplicada. Realizada a partir de um questionário criado com o objetivo de entender o perfil do preso visitado, o perfil dos visitantes de cada uma das quatro casas prisionais, bem como a relação dessas pessoas com seu familiar segregado, a pesquisa foi aplicada presencialmente pela autora junto ao público entrevistado – familiares visitantes – durante a fila de espera na porta dos presídios em dias de visita. Os resultados empíricos da pesquisa mostraram que o encarceramento de um integrante da família provoca uma reação em cadeia no âmbito pessoal, e a prisão acaba por atravessar a vida de inúmeras pessoas que não se encontram concretamente presas. Além da ausência física do integrante familiar, a prisão impõe uma reorganização na vida desses visitantes, uma reestruturação nas relações que atinge âmbitos emocionais, econômicos e profissionais. Ao final foram propostas três políticas públicas visando impactar positivamente a vida do público pesquisado.Brazil is a country that arrests a lot. There are many people encased in prison, other than those who are in fact incarcerated. The text deals with the trajectories and adversities faced by relatives of prisoners who visit them in prisons on visiting days. The work depicts four criminal units located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, where the author's field research was applied. Based on a questionnaire created with the objective of understanding the profile of the prisoner, the profile of visitors to each of the four prison houses, as well as the relationship of these people with their relatives under arrest, the research was applied in person by the author to the interviewed public – visiting family members – during the waiting line at the prison door on visiting days. The empirical results of the research showed that the incarceration of a family member provokes a chain reaction in the personal sphere, and the prison ends up going through the lives of countless people who are not concretely imprisoned. In addition to the physical absence of the family member, the prison imposes a reorganization in the lives of these visitors, a restructuring in relationships that reaches emotional, economic, and professional areas. In the end, three public policies were proposed to positively impact the lives of the public surveyed

Uso do óleo de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) em emulsões cosméticas: desenvolvimento e avaliação da estabilidade física

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolver e avaliar a estabilidade física de emulsões O/A contendo óleo de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense). Emulsões O/A contendo 10,0% (p/p) de óleo de pequi foram preparadas e, para promover a estabilidade, a adição de carbomer, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride e sorbitan oleate, foram estudadas. O tipo de emulsão foi verificado pelo método de diluição e o aspecto, homogeneidade e características organolépticas avaliadas através de análises macroscópicas. Como testes preliminares foram utilizados a centrifugação, ciclo gela-degela e o estresse térmico. Para avaliar a estabilidade acelerada as amostras foram submetidas em diferentes condições de estresse e analisadas a partir do valor de pH, análises macroscópicas e comportamento reológico. As emulsões preparadas com óleo de pequi, 0,3% (p/p) de Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrilate Crosspolymer e 0,2% (p/p) de carbomer apresentaram-se estáveis com propriedades pseudoplásticas e tixotrópicas. As características macroscópicas e valores obtidos de pH, viscosidade aparente, índices de fluxo e de consistência da área de histerese durante a estocagem indicaram estabilidade da formulação.The aims of this study were to development and evaluated the physical stability of O/W emulsions containing "Pequi" oil (Caryocar brasiliense). O/W emulsions containing 10.0% (w/w) of Pequi oil were prepared, and to improve the stability, the carbomer, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and sorbitan oleate were added and studied. The direction of the emulsions was evaluated by dilution method and by macroscopic analysis, the appearance, homogeneity and organoleptic properties were evaluated. The centrifugation, freeze/defrost cycles and stress thermal were used to investigate the preliminary stability. To evaluate the accelerated stability, the samples were stored at different stress conditions and evaluated the pH value, macroscopic analysis and rheological behaviour. The O/W emulsions prepared with Pequi oil, 0.3% (w/w) of Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrilate Crosspolymer and 0.2% (w/w) of Carbomer have been found to be stables. These presented pseudoplastic flow behaviour and thixotropy. The macroscopic characteristics, the pH values and the values of the apparent viscosity, both consistency and flow index and hysteresis areas during aging indicated good long-term stability of this formulation

Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

The production of tt‾ , W+bb‾ and W+cc‾ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓν , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of $t\overline{t}$, $W+b\overline{b}$ and $W+c\overline{c}$ is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 $\pm$ 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The $W$ bosons are reconstructed in the decays $W\rightarrow\ell\nu$, where $\ell$ denotes muon or electron, while the $b$ and $c$ quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions

Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago

Background: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann's procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA. Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up. Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 ± 15.6 years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were higher in the HP group (P < 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (≤ 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections. Conclusions: After 100 years since the first Hartmann's procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment's choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception

Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era

The LHCb Upgrade II will fully exploit the flavour-physics opportunities of the HL-LHC, and study additional physics topics that take advantage of the forward acceptance of the LHCb spectrometer. The LHCb Upgrade I will begin operation in 2020. Consolidation will occur, and modest enhancements of the Upgrade I detector will be installed, in Long Shutdown 3 of the LHC (2025) and these are discussed here. The main Upgrade II detector will be installed in long shutdown 4 of the LHC (2030) and will build on the strengths of the current LHCb experiment and the Upgrade I. It will operate at a luminosity up to 2×1034 cm−2s−1, ten times that of the Upgrade I detector. New detector components will improve the intrinsic performance of the experiment in certain key areas. An Expression Of Interest proposing Upgrade II was submitted in February 2017. The physics case for the Upgrade II is presented here in more depth. CP-violating phases will be measured with precisions unattainable at any other envisaged facility. The experiment will probe b → sl+l−and b → dl+l− transitions in both muon and electron decays in modes not accessible at Upgrade I. Minimal flavour violation will be tested with a precision measurement of the ratio of B(B0 → μ+μ−)/B(Bs → μ+μ−). Probing charm CP violation at the 10−5 level may result in its long sought discovery. Major advances in hadron spectroscopy will be possible, which will be powerful probes of low energy QCD. Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier

LHCb upgrade software and computing : technical design report

This document reports the Research and Development activities that are carried out in the software and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure. An implementation plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit