Caracterização espectroscópica de líquen parmotrema tinctorum

FT-Raman spectroscopy has been used for the analytical characterization of the Parmotrema tinctorum Del. Ex Nyl. lichen. Lecanoric acid, the major lichen chemical present in the total mass, has been extracted from the lichen, purified and characterized by Raman spectroscopy supported by means of theoretical DFT calculations . The calculations indicate that the aromatic ring A of the lecanoric acid structure is kept in the molecular plane by a strong hydrogen bond between the ortho- hydroxyl group of ring A and the ester group; this hydrogen bond is shorter in the C1 isomer form, which is the main feature responsible for the Gibbs free energy difference (-2.96 kcal/mol) favouring the C1 isomer. In spite of the similarity of possible conformers and although many of the predicted Raman bands are found to be common for both forms, there is one Raman transition very characteristic of structure C2, centred at 1815 cm-1, assigned to the stretching of the C=O group of the ester moiety. For the isomer C1 this transition was predicted at 1729 cm-1, with a lower frequency ascribed to the stronger hydrogen bond present in the latter conformation. In the experimental spectrum two strong bands are found at 1654 and 1638 cm-1 (shoulder) attributed to the C=O stretching mode. The analysis of the normal modes for the corresponding transitions calculated at 1742 and 1729 cm-1 allowed the assignment to be made to (C=O) stretching mode from the carboxylic acid and ester moiety, respectively. Most of the other Raman bands were also assigned by comparison with the theoretical model. The Raman spectrum obtained directly from the P. tinctorum lichen shows a remarkable similarity with the isolated lecanoric acid spectrum, as well as the presence of bands at 1529 and 1156 cm-1 which are characteristic of a carotenoid species. The results confirm the potential of Raman spectroscopy for taxonomic characterization of lichen species.

TOURNIQUET VERSUS NO TOURNIQUET USE IN KNEE VIDEOARTHROSCOPY: A MULTICENTRIC, PROSPECTIVE, DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

ABSTRACTTo evaluate whether, by using an arthropump (irrigation equipment with pressure sensor), pneumatic tourniquet use could interfere with the duration of surgery, recovery of movement and joint volume in patients who underwent knee videoarthroscopy for partial meniscectomy. Methods: 103 patients divided randomly into two groups regarding use or nonuse of a pneumatic tourniquet were evaluated in five different centers by seven different surgeons. The variables were evaluated during the surgery and seven days after the operation. Results: No statistically significant differences were found among any of the variables studied. Conclusion: There are no reasons that would either justify or discredit tourniquet use in this specific situation

Minha profissão é a literatura : travessias da autoria feminina

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Predictors of Survival After Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in South America: The InterCHANGE Study.

PURPOSE: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence is high in South America, where recent data on survival are sparse. We investigated the main predictors of HNSCC survival in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia. METHODS: Sociodemographic and lifestyle information was obtained from standardized interviews, and clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records and pathologic reports. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Of 1,463 patients, 378 had a larynx cancer (LC), 78 hypopharynx cancer (HC), 599 oral cavity cancer (OC), and 408 oropharynx cancer (OPC). Most patients (55.5%) were diagnosed with stage IV disease, ranging from 47.6% for LC to 70.8% for OPC. Three-year survival rates were 56.0% for LC, 54.7% for OC, 48.0% for OPC, and 37.8% for HC. In multivariable models, patients with stage IV disease had approximately 7.6 (LC/HC), 11.7 (OC), and 3.5 (OPC) times higher mortality than patients with stage I disease. Current and former drinkers with LC or HC had approximately 2 times higher mortality than never-drinkers. In addition, older age at diagnosis was independently associated with worse survival for all sites. In a subset analysis of 198 patients with OPC with available human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 data, those with HPV-unrelated OPC had a significantly worse 3-year survival compared with those with HPV-related OPC (44.6% v 75.6%, respectively), corresponding to a 3.4 times higher mortality. CONCLUSION: Late stage at diagnosis was the strongest predictor of lower HNSCC survival. Early cancer detection and reduction of harmful alcohol use are fundamental to decrease the high burden of HNSCC in South America

Cardiovascular Statistics - Brazil 2021.

This is the 2021 edition of the Cardiovascular Statistics – Brazil , a multi-institutional effort to periodically provide updated information on the epidemiology of heart diseases and stroke in Brazil. The report incorporates official statistics provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and other government agencies, by the GBD project led by the IHME of the University of Washington, as well as data generated by other sources and scientific studies, such as cohorts and registries, on CVDs and their risk factors. The document is directed to researchers, clinicians, patients, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the public, and others who seek comprehensive national data available on heart disease and stroke