Prirnary gold rnineralisations in north of Portugal: some reflexions

[Resumo] Desde tempos pré-romanos que jazigos primários de ouro no norte de Portugal tem sido alvo de explora~6es de maior ou menor envergadura. Os jazigos sao do tipo filoniano e podem ser dominantemente quartzosos ou mais complexos. Os fi16es, sao sub-verticais e com direc~6es que se distribuem por vários grupos, ocorrem em diferentes contextos geológicos e espacialmente associados a zonas de cisalhamento dúctil (D3). Porém embora as estruturas filonianas estejam instaladas em fracturas, na su maioria relacionadas com D3 o essencial do seu preenchimento é mais tardio e sofreu diversos episódios de deforma~ao frágil. Com base nas associa~6es minerais presentes é possivel definir, do ponto de vista quimico-mineralógico, tres tipos principais de mineraliza95es. O ouro e o electrum tem, no essencial, urna expressao tardia, nomeadamente em rela~ao aos sulfuretos principais apresentando-se em fracturas, nos limites intergranulares e em cavidades destes minerais e do quartzo. As similitudes das diferentes ocorrencias no que respeita asua estrutura, textura e mineralogia principal sugere urna única época metalogénica aurífera. A existencia de exemplos em que fi16es cortam quer granitos biotiticos tardi-tectónicos (Grovelas), quer metas-sedimentos do Estefaniano B-C (Valongo) leva-nos a considerá-los como pós-D3 o que é corroborado pelo facto de existir, na maioria dos casos, urna associa~ao espacial estreita também com falhas tardias NIOE a N40E (D4). Apesar de se considerar que o essencial da deposi~ao da mineraliza~aoaurífera é tardia ela resultou de um processo langa como o comprova a complexidade das associa~6es quimico-mineralógicas definidas.[Abstract] Since pre-roman times primary gold ore deposits in north of Portugal have been more or less exploited. The deposits belong, essentially, to the vein type and they can be dominantly quartzic or even more complexo Veins are subvertical and with several groups of directions, occurring in different geological settings and spatial1y associated to ductil shear zones (D3). However, although the veins structures are placed in fractures, mosdy related to D3 (intrawestephalian in age) , the essential of the vein fil1ing is posterior and suffered several episodes of fragil deformation. Based on the mineral associations present, it is possible to define, three types of mineralisations on the chemical-mineralogical point of view. Gold and electrum have, in its éssential, a late expression, special1y on what concerns the main sulphides occurring in fractures in intergranular limits and in cavities of these minerals and quartz. The similarities of the different occurrences concerning their structure, texture and mineralogy suggest an unique gold metal10genic epoch. The existence of cases in which veins crosscut both late-tectonic biotite granites (Grovelas) and metasediments of Stephanian B-C age (Valongo) leads us to consider them as postD3, which is stressed by the existance of a close spatial association with late faults stricking NIOE to N40E (D4). Alt~ough the essential of gold deposition in considered to be later in time, it carne out from a long during process, proved by the complexity of the defined chemical-mineralogical associations

Numerical modeling of multiple steady-state convective modes in a tilted porous medium heated from below

Numerical simulations are carried out to determine the steady-state convective modes in a rectangular porous cavity heated from below. The property of multiplicity of solutions for a given set of governing parameters is examined in this paper. The multiple steady-state solutions that appear in a horizontal cavity for a given Rayleigh number are obtained by means of suitable initial conditions. Each of these solutions is then perturbed by increasing the inclination angle in order to identify the transition angle to a different convective mode. It is observed that for an odd-number of convective cells, if the counterclockwise rotating cells dominate the configuration, the Nusselt number increases with the slope angle up to a maximum and then decreases before the transition to single cell convection. Otherwise, if there are more clockwise rotating cells, the Nusselt number decreases monotonically and the configuration becomes unstable. Since multicellular configurations with even number of convective cells have equal number of clockwise and counterclockwise rotating cells, this case presents a single behavior characterized by a decrease in the Nusselt number. The transition angles from multicellular to single cell convection are found to be as large as 45° when the aspect ratio of the cavity is large, so that this angle is the upper limit to destabilize multicellular convection

The RNA-binding protein, ZFP36L2, influences ovulation and oocyte maturation

ZFP36L2 protein destabilizes AU-rich element-containing transcripts and has been implicated in female fertility. In the C57BL/6NTac mouse, a mutation in Zfp36l2 that results in the decreased expression of a form of ZFP36L2 in which the 29 N-terminal amino acid residues have been deleted, ΔN-ZFP36L2, leads to fertilized eggs that arrest at the two-cell stage. Interestingly, homozygous ΔN-Zfp36l2 females in the C57BL/6NTac strain release 40% fewer eggs than the WT littermates (Ramos et al., 2004), suggesting an additional defect in ovulation and/or oocyte maturation. Curiously, the same ΔN-Zfp36l2 mutation into the SV129 strain resulted in anovulation, prompting us to investigate a potential problem in ovulation and oocyte maturation. Remarkably, only 20% of ΔN-Zfp36l2 oocytes in the 129S6/SvEvTac strain matured ex vivo, suggesting a defect on the oocyte meiotic maturation process. Treatment of ΔN-Zfp36l2 oocytes with a PKA inhibitor partially rescued the meiotic arrested oocytes. Furthermore, cAMP levels were increased in ΔN-Zfp36l2 oocytes, linking the cAMP/PKA pathway and ΔN-Zfp36l2 with meiotic arrest. Since ovulation and oocyte maturation are both triggered by LHR signaling, the downstream pathway was investigated. Adenylyl cyclase activity was increased in ΔN-Zfp36l2 ovaries only upon LH stimulation. Moreover, we discovered that ZFP36L2 interacts with the 3′UTR of LHR mRNA and that decreased expression levels of Zfp36l2 correlates with higher levels of LHR mRNA in synchronized ovaries. Furthermore, overexpression of ZFP36L2 decreases the endogenous expression of LHR mRNA in a cell line. Therefore, we propose that lack of the physiological down regulation of LHR mRNA levels by ZFP36L2 in the ovaries is associated with anovulation and oocyte meiotic arrest.Fil: Ball, Christopher B.. University of North Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Rodriguez, Karina F.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Stumpo, Deborah J.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Ribeiro Neto, Fernando. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Korach, Kenneth S.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Blackshear, Perry J.. University of Duke; Estados Unidos. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Birnbaumer, Lutz. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Silvia B. V.. University of North Carolina; Estados Unido

Acoustic assessment and distribution of the main pelagic fish species in ICES Subdivision 9a South during the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2018-10 Spanish survey (October 2017).

The present working document summarises the main results obtained during the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2018-10 Spanish (pelagic ecosystem-) acoustic survey. The survey was conducted by IEO between 10th and 29th October 2018 in the Portuguese and Spanish shelf waters (20-200 m isobaths) off the Gulf of Cadiz onboard the R/V Ramón Margalef. The survey’s main objective is the acoustic assessment of anchovy and sardine juveniles (age 0 fish) in the recruitment areas of the Gulf of Cadiz. The 21 foreseen acoustic transects were sampled. A total of 25 valid fishing hauls were carried out for echo-trace ground-truthing purposes. Chub mackerel was the most frequent species in those hauls, followed by sardine, anchovy, horse mackerel, mackerel, bogue and Mediterranean horse mackerel. Acoustic sampling was carried out with the recently installed Simrad™ EK80 echo-sounder working in multi-frequency and in CW mode. A misconfiguration of the range of the acoustic active layer entailed to slow down the ping rate (1.5-2.0 seconds) in relation to the standard values (at about 0.3 seconds), resulting an acoustic sampling rate much lower than it should be. Therefore, the results from this acoustic sampling and the resulting estimates from this survey should be considered with caution. Anchovy abundance and biomass were of 953 million fish and 10 493 t. The abundance and biomass of age-0 anchovies were estimated at 543 million fish and 3 834 t, 57% and 36% of the total population abundance and biomass, respectively. Despite the methodological problems, these estimates seem to suggest a recent decrease in relation to previous years. The estimates for Gulf of Cadiz sardine in the surveyed area were of 1 134 million fish and 20 679 t. Estimates of age-0 sardine were of 1 036 million fish and 15 224 t, 91% and 74% of the total estimated abundance and biomass, respectively. Even taking into account a possible underestimation for the abovementioned methodological problems, the values reached in 2018 were above the historical mean for the total population and recruits abundance and for the recruit biomass, and they might suggest a relatively stable situation since the maxima registered in 2016

Acoustic assessment and distribution of anchovy, sardine and chub mackerel in ICES Subdivision 9a South during the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2021-10 Spanish survey (October 2020) with notes on the distribution of other pelagic species. Preliminary information.

The present working document summarises a part of the main results obtained during the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2021-10 Spanish (pelagic ecosystem-) acoustic survey. The survey was conducted by IEO between 21st October and 07th November 2021 in the Portuguese and Spanish shelf waters (20-200 m isobaths) off the Gulf of Cadiz (GoC) onboard the R/V Ramón Margalef. The survey suffered a ten-day delay in relation to the usual starting dates, resulting in ending dates very close to the starting ones of the WGACEGG meeting. Therefore, no acoustic estimates were available at the time of WG meeting. The survey’s main objective is the acoustic assessment of anchovy and sardine juveniles (age 0 fish) in the recruitment areas of the GoC. The 21 foreseen acoustic transects were sampled. A total of 18 valid fishing hauls were carried out for echo-trace ground-truthing purposes. This working document only provides information on the results of these hauls in terms of species-specific occurrences, yields in numbers and weight, size ranges, mean size and mean weight in catches

Metabolic channeling of phe for lignin biosynthesis in maritime pine

Phenylalanine (Phe) is the main precursor of phenylpropanoids biosynthesis in plants. This vast family of Phe-derived compounds can represent more than 30% of captured photosynthetic carbon, playing essential roles in plants such as cell wall components, defense molecules, pigments and flavors. In addition to its physiological importance, phenylpropanoids and particularly lignin, a component of wood, are targets in plant biotechnology. The arogenate pathway has been proposed as the main pathway for Phe biosynthesis in plants (Maeda et al., 2010). The final step in Phe biosynthesis, catalyzed by the enzyme arogenate dehydratase (ADT), has been considered as a key regulatory point in Phe biosynthesis, due to its key branch position in the pathway, the multiple isoenzymes identified in plants and the existence of a feedback inhibition mechanism by Phe. So far, the regulatory mechanisms underlying ADT genes expression have been poorly characterized, although a strong regulation of the Phe metabolic flux should be expected depending on its alternative use for protein biosynthesis versus phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This second fate involves a massive carbon flux compared to the first one. Here we report our current research activities in the transcriptional regulation of ADT genes by MYB transcription factors in Pinus pinaster. The conifers channels massive amounts of photosynthetic carbon for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis during wood formation. We have identified the complete ADT gene family in maritime pine (El-Azaz et al., 2016) and a set of ADT isoforms specifically related with the lignification process. The potential control of transcription factors previously reported as key regulators in pine wood formation (Craven-Bartle et al., 2013) will be presented.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Acoustic assessment and distribution of the main pelagic fish species in ICES Subdivision 9a South during the ECOCADIZ-RECLUTAS 2017-10 Spanish survey (October 2017).

The present working document summarises the main results obtained during the ECOCADIZ‐RECLUTAS 2017‐10 Spanish (pelagic ecosystem‐) acoustic survey. The survey’s main objective is the acoustic assessment of anchovy and sardine juveniles (age 0 fish) in the recruitment areas of the Gulf of Cadiz. The survey was planned to be conducted by IEO between 12nd and 31st October 2017 in the Portuguese and Spanish shelf waters (20‐200 m isobaths) off the Gulf of Cadiz onboard the R/V Ramón Margalef. However, a serious breakdown of the vessel’s propulsion system detected in the afternoon of the 22th October led to the early termination of the survey in that day. Only the seven (7) easternmost acoustic transects were sampled, which were accompanied by the conduction of eight (8) fishing hauls. The resulting estimates are therefore referred to this surveyed area, which corresponded to the eastern sector of the Spanish shelf waters, comprising the shelf between Doñana and Cape Trafalgar, and they are not comparable to the previous available estimates. Anchovy abundance and biomass in that surveyed area were 1 492 million fish and 7 641 t. The abundance and biomass of age 0 anchovies in the surveyed area were estimated at 1 433 million fish and 7 290 t. This juvenile fraction accounted for 96% and 95% of the total estimated population abundance and biomass, respectively. The estimates for Gulf of Cadiz sardine in the surveyed area were of 591 million fish and 12 103 t. Estimates of age‐0 sardine were of 483 million fish and 8 778 t, 82% and 72% of the total population, respectively. These estimates cannot be compared with the remaining data points in the series because the abovementioned problems with acoustic sampling coverage