10,109 research outputs found
Prediction of early response to radiation therapy using FDG-PET standard uptake value in advanced head and neck cancer
LC-IMS-HRMS for identification of biomarkers in untargeted metabolomics: The effects of pterostilbene and resveratrol consumption in liver steatosis, animal model
Untargeted metabolomics with the combination of ion mobility separation coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (IMS-HRMS) was applied to investigate the impact of resveratrol and pterostilbene supplementation on the metabolic fingerprint of the Wistar rats liver with induced liver steatosis. RP-LC and HILIC in both ionisation modes were employed to analyse the liver samples (n = 40) from Wistar rats fed with a high-fat and high-fructose diet, supplemented or not with resveratrol and pterostilbene. After univariate and multivariate statistical analysis, 34 metabolites were highlighted in the different diets and elucidated. Despite the structural similarity, different alterations in liver metabolism were observed by the supplementations. Resveratrol treatment was characterised by the alteration in metabolism of 17 lysophospholipids, while pterostilbene affected some vitamins and derivatives, among others. IMS has demonstrated great potential in the elucidation process thanks to the additional structural descriptor the CCS (Ă
2), providing more confidence in the identification
Vitamin D protects against oxidative stress and inflammation in human retinal cells
Diabetic retinopathy is a vision-threatening microvascular complication of diabetes and is
one of the leading causes of blindness. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a major role in its
pathogenesis, and new therapies counteracting these contributors could be of great interest. In the
current study, we investigated the role of vitamin D against oxidative stress and inflammation in
human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and human retinal endothelial cell lines. We demonstrate
that vitamin D effectively counteracts the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
In addition, the increased levels of proinflammatory proteins such as Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, Monocyte
chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, Interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α triggered by
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure were significantly decreased by vitamin D addition. Interestingly,
the increased IL-18 only decreased by vitamin D addition in endothelial cells but not in RPE cells,
suggesting a main antiangiogenic role under inflammatory conditions. Moreover, H2O2 and LPS
induced the alteration and morphological damage of tight junctions in adult retinal pigment epithelium
(ARPE-19) cells that were restored under oxidative and inflammatory conditions by the addition of
vitamin D to the media. In conclusion, our data suggest that vitamin D could protect the retina by
enhancing antioxidant defense and through exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties
Preliminary definitions for the sonographic features of synovitis in children
Objectives Musculoskeletal ultrasonography (US) has the potential to be an important tool in the assessment of disease activity in childhood arthritides. To assess pathology, clear definitions for synovitis need to be developed first. The aim of this study was to develop and validate these definitions through an international consensus process. Methods The decision on which US techniques to use, the components to be included in the definitions as well as the final wording were developed by 31 ultrasound experts in a consensus process. A Likert scale of 1-5 with 1 indicating complete disagreement and 5 complete agreement was used. A minimum of 80% of the experts scoring 4 or 5 was required for final approval. The definitions were then validated on 120 standardized US images of the wrist, MCP and tibiotalar joints displaying various degrees of synovitis at various ages. Results B-Mode and Doppler should be used for assessing synovitis in children. A US definition of the various components (i.e. synovial hypertrophy, effusion and Doppler signal within the synovium) was developed. The definition was validated on still images with a median of 89% (range 80-100) of participants scoring it as 4 or 5 on a Likert scale. Conclusions US definitions of synovitis and its elementary components covering the entire pediatric age range were successfully developed through a Delphi process and validated in a web-based still images exercise. These results provide the basis for the standardized US assessment of synovitis in clinical practice and research
Association of Iron Status and Intake During Pregnancy with Neuropsychological Outcomes in Children Aged 7 Years: The Prospective Birth Cohort Infancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Study
IngenierĂa molecular en "Triticum"
Se resumen las investigaciones realizadas sobre genĂ©tica bioquĂmica de la especie aloploide de Triticum aestivum L. (trigo comĂșn). Dichas investigaciones abarcan los siguientes aspectos: a) localizaciĂłn cromosĂłmica de genes que controlan sistemas moleculares; b) formas de interacciĂłn entre los genomios integrados en dicha especie; c) transferencia genĂ©tica extraespecĂfica y extragenĂ©rica desde Aegilops ventricosa, SĂ©cale cereale y Agropyron elongatum a trigo. Se especula sobre las implicaciones evolutivas de los resultados obtenidos y se enumeran las aplicaciones prĂĄcticas
Towards a combined use of geophysics and remote sensing techniques for the characterization of a singular building: âEl TorreĂłnâ (the tower) at Ulaca oppidum (Solosancho, Ăvila, Spain)
This research focuses on the study of the ruins of a large building known as âEl TorreĂłnâ (the Tower), belonging to the Ulaca oppidum (Solosancho, Province of Ăvila, Spain). Different remote sensing and geophysical approaches have been used to fulfil this objective, providing a better understanding of the buildingâs functionality in this town, which belongs to the Late Iron Age (ca. 300â50 BCE). In this sense, the outer limits of the ruins have been identified using photogrammetry and convergent drone flights. An additional drone flight was conducted in the surrounding area to find additional data that could be used for more global interpretations. Magnetometry was used to analyze the underground bedrock structure and ground penetrating radar (GPR) was employed to evaluate the internal layout of the ruins. The combination of these digital methodologies (surface and underground) has provided a new perspective for the improved interpretation of âEl TorreĂłnâ and its characteristics. Research of this type presents additional guidelines for better understanding of the role of this structure with regards to other buildings in the Ulaca oppidum. The results of these studies will additionally allow archaeologists to better plan future interventions while presenting new data that can be used for the interpretation of this archaeological complex on a larger scale
A higher proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) when combined with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in omega-3 dietary supplements provides higher antioxidant effects in human retinal cells
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a key regulator of retinal function and is directly
related to the transport, delivery, and metabolism of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA), in the retina. Due to their functions and location, RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown to have antioxidant effects by different mechanisms. For this reason, we designed an in vitro study to compare 10 formulations of DHA and EPA supplements from different origins and combined in different proportions, evaluating their effect on cell viability, cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species production, and cell migration using ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, we assessed their ability to rescue RPE cells from the oxidative conditions seen in diabetic retinopathy. Our results showed that the different formulations of n3-PUFAs have a beneficial effect on cell viability and proliferation and are able to restore oxidative induced RPE damage. We observed that the n3-PUFA provided different results alone or combined in the same supplement. When combined, the best results were
obtained in formulations that included a higher proportion of EPA than DHA. Moreover, n3-PUFA in the form of ethyl-esters had a worse performance when compared with triglycerides or phospholipid based formulations
UV to IR SEDs of UV selected galaxies in the ELAIS fields: evolution of dust attenuation and star formation activity from z=0.7 to z=0.2
We study the ultraviolet to far-infrared (hereafter UV-to-IR) SEDs of a
sample of intermediate redshift (0.2 < z < 0.7) UV-selected galaxies from the
ELAIS-N1 and ELAIS-N2 fields by fitting a multi-wavelength dataset to a library
of GRASIL templates. Star formation related properties of the galaxies are
derived from the library of models by using the Bayesian statistics. We find a
decreasing presence of galaxies with low attenuation and low total luminosity
as redshift decreases, which does not hold for high total luminosity galaxies.
In addition the dust attenuation of low mass galaxies increases as redshift
decreases, and this trend seems to disappear for galaxies with M* > 10^11
M_sun. This result is consistent with a mass dependent evolution of the dust to
gas ratio, which could be driven by a mass dependent efficiency of star
formation in star forming galaxies. The specific star formation rates (SSFR)
decrease with increasing stellar mass at all redshifts, and for a given stellar
mass the SSFR decreases with decreasing redshift. The differences in the slope
of the M*--SSFR relation found between this work and others at similar redshift
could be explained by the adopted selection criteria of the samples which, for
a UV selected sample, favours blue, star forming galaxies.Comment: 21 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Comparison of users of an HIV/syphilis screening community-based mobile van and traditional voluntary counselling and testing sites in Guatemala
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