Mujeres influyentes en la historia de la alimentación y la gastronomía.

La influencia de las mujeres en el mundo de la alimentación y de la gastronomía se ha visto eclipsada por multitud de factores a lo largo de la historia. Las desigualdades sociales, económicas y gastronómicas han provocado una ausencia de oportunidades y de reconocimiento hacía sus contribuciones a la sociedad, con la correspondiente afectación al sector de la alimentación y la gastronomía. Estos factores han condicionado la escasa cantidad de nombres propios femeninos contenidos en los relatos históricos. A pesar de todas las adversidades, muchas de ellas han conseguido hacerse un hueco al ser partícipes de importantes acciones que han tenido un gran impacto en el progreso de la transmisión y la práctica alimentaria. La investigación en diferentes libros referentes y otras fuentes ha permitido encontrar en total 36 mujeres influyentes nacidas antes del siglo XX, destacar alguna de ellas como la princesa Teodora que introdujo el uso del tenedor, Catalina de Médici con su influencia en la corte francesa, Hildegarda Von bingen introduciendo el lúpulo en la cerveza o María Rosa Calvillo de Teruel con el primer libro de cocina español escrito por una mujer. Es necesario continuar investigando acerca de la historia de las mujeres para otorgarles el reconocimiento merecido y que las nuevas generaciones conozcan la importancia que realmente tuvieron ambos géneros en la evolución histórica.Grado en Nutrición Humana y Dietétic

Teaching Style in Physical Education and Changes of Daily Physical Activity after One Academic Year in Adolescents: GEOS Study

Increased Moderate-Vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduced sedentary time (ST) are key factors for a healthy lifestyle during childhood and adolescence. Studies have suggested that schools may be effective resources to promote healthy habits (Sallis, McKenzie et al. 2012). Therefore, in PE, is important to assess how teachers use strategies and provide students tools to engage in PA with the purpose of reduce the risk of sedentary behavior and contribute to promotion MVPA habits for a healthy lifestyle (Lonsdale, C. et al., 2013). Many factors may be involved in the successful PE class to promote healthy out-school behaviors, as teaching styles (TS), learning styles, learning time, motivation and so on (Mosston, M. 1966). Regarding TS, there is a lack of knowledge about influence of the teaching style (TS) in the promotion of daily MVPA. It was our aim to observe the differences of total daily PA dimensions between two groups of adolescents who were taught during a whole academic year using reproducing (RK) or producing knowledge (PK) TSs.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Escapar de un agujero negro

Una de las características más notables de los agujeros negros está relacionada con laabsorción de materia y radiación por parte de estos. En los sistemas más simples, una vezla materia cruza una cierta región, esta deja de ser visible para un observador externo yjamás saldrá del agujero negro.En este trabajo se profundizará en el análisis de este suceso para sistemas de agujerosnegros más complejos. Esta complejidad nos obligará a tratar de simplificar el problemaa través de la termodinámica, proporcionando una relación para la entropía de agujerosnegros acelerados que podrá servir como punto de partida para futuros estudios.<br /

Intravitreal stem cell paracrine properties as a potential neuroprotective therapy for retinal photoreceptor neurodegenerative diseases

Producción CientíficaAbstract: Retinal degenerations are the leading causes of irreversible visual loss worldwide. Many pathologies included under this umbrella involve progressive degeneration and ultimate loss of the photoreceptor cells, with age-related macular degeneration and inherited and ischemic retinal diseases the most relevant. These diseases greatly impact patients’ daily lives, with accompanying marked social and economic consequences. However, the currently available treatments only delay the onset or slow progression of visual impairment, and there are no cures for these photoreceptor diseases. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are being investigated, such as gene therapy, optogenetics, cell replacement, or cell-based neuroprotection. Specifically, stem cells can secrete neurotrophic, immunomodulatory, and anti-angiogenic factors that potentially protect and preserve retinal cells from neurodegeneration. Further, neuroprotection can be used in different types of retinal degenerative diseases and at different disease stages, unlike other potential therapies. This review summarizes stem cell-based paracrine neuroprotective strategies for photoreceptor degeneration, which are under study in clinical trials, and the latest preclinical studies. Effective retinal neuroprotection could be the next frontier in photoreceptor diseases, and the development of novel neuroprotective strategies will address the unmet therapeutic needs

Extending the Globus Information Service with the Common Information Model

This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2011.62[Abstract] The need of task-adapted and complete information for the management of resources is a well known issue in Grid computing. Globus Toolkit 4 (GT4) includes the Monitoring and Discovery System component (MDS4) to carry out resource management. The Common Information Model (CIM) provides a standard conceptual view of the managed environment. This work improves the MDS4 functionality through the use of CIM, with the aim of providing a unified, standard representation of the Grid resources. Since a practical CIM model may contain a large volume of information, a new Index Service that represents the CIM information through Java instances is presented. In addition, a solution that keeps data in persistent storage has also been implemented. The evaluation of the proposed solutions achieves encouraging results, with an important reduction in memory consumption, a good scalability when the number of instances increases, and with a reasonable response time.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; TIN2007-67537-C03Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; TIN2010-1637

Efectos de un programa de ejercicio multicomponente y un periodo de desentrenamiento sobre la capacidad funcional, agilidad y miedo a caerse en personas mayores frágiles y prefrágiles

El objetivo del estudio es comprobar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio multicomponente (MCT) de 6 meses y un periodo de desentrenamiento de 4 meses, sobre la capacidad funcional, agilidad, rendimiento en las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) y miedo a caerse de las personas mayores frágiles y pre-frágiles. Participaron un total de 99 personas mayores de 65 años, divididas en los grupos control (CON) e intervención (INT). El grupo INT realizó el programa de ejercicio, seguido del periodo de desentrenamiento, mientras que el grupo CON continuó con el estilo de vida normal. Se evaluaron la capacidad funcional y el rendimiento en las AVD mediante la Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) y el test de Lawton y Brody respectivamente, la agilidad con el “Timed Up and Go test”, y el miedo a caerse mediante el índice Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Se realizó un análisis ANOVA de medidas repetidas para estudiar posibles cambios en ambos grupos durante los diferentes periodos. Se apreciaron mejoras significativas en el grupo INT, en la capacidad funcional y agilidad, estableciéndose interacción tiempo por grupo en ambas, (p ≤ 0,005) respecto al grupo CON. No se encontraros variaciones significativas en el miedo a caerse, ni en el rendimiento de las AVD. El único cambio significativo registrado en el grupo CON, fue la mejora en la capacidad funcional durante los 6 primeros meses. El periodo de desentrenamiento influenció negativamente en la capacidad funcional y agilidad (p <br /

Simulation of a biorefinery process as learning tool in chemical engineering degree

Currently, the search for alternative biomass to be used as renewable sources for energy production is one of the most important challenges to achieve a sustainable growth based on a bioeconomy strategy (Mendes et al., 2009). In this context, lignocellulosic waste are a renewable, clean, inexpensive and with high availability for the manufacture of biofuels. In this sense, the main objective of this study was the simulation and design of engineering processes that allows the valorization of lignocellulosic waste and the obtaining of biofuels as alternative to fossil fuels. This goal implies the practical application of the theoretical knowledge acquired by the student during the chemical engineering degree. Specifically, the students designed and simulated a biorefinery process that consisted of a Kraft pulping process as starting point of two main lines of production: (1) Process I: production of bioethanol and (2) Process II: direct and indirect production of dimethylether (DME), both from lignocellulosic biomass (Fig.1). Two commercial simulation packages, ASPEN HYSYS® and UNISIM were used to simulate the production of dimethylether and bioethanol, respectively. The first step was determining a strategic situation for the installation of the biorefinery. The central area of Andalusia (between the municipalities of Lucena and Antequera) was considered the most adequate area to develop the installation of the biorefinery plant after evaluating the biomass available inside of 100 kms of distance around this place. Specifically, different biomass mixtures were considered in order to ensure the viability of a constant inlet flow of biomass in the biorefinery. In function of this inlet flow of biomass, the installations were designed and dimensioned in each stage of the process. The student carried out a wide revision of state of the art to decide the most adequate processes among different alternatives to obtain dimethylether and bioethanol. The different stages selected as the most adequate in each line of the process can be observed in Fig.1. Moreover, the students evaluated the different alternatives for the valorisation and optimization of the by-products generated in each stage of the process in order to minimize the consuming of chemical compounds and energy requirements. Therefore, the students learnt to develop a real engineering process more sustainable and friendly with the environment. To sum up, the used of programs to simulate the transformation of lignocellulosic biomass in biofuels, such as, bioethanol or dimethylether, which is a process with several social, environmental and economic advantages, was an interesting learning tool for students of chemical engineering degree. Keywords Bioethanol, design, dimethylether, Kraft pulping process, simulations. References Mendes, C.V.T., Carvalho, M.G.V.S., Baptista, C.M.S.G., Rocha, J.M.S., Soares, B.I.G., Sousa, G.D.A., 2009. Valorisation of hardwood hemicelluloses in the kraft pulping process by using an integrated biorefinery concept. Food Bioproduct Process 87:197–207.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech MINECO: Proyecto CTQ2015-68654-

Realistic pedestrian behaviour in the CARLA simulator using VR and mocap

Simulations are gaining increasingly significance in the field of autonomous driving due to the demand for rapid prototyping and extensive testing. Employing physics-based simulation brings several benefits at an affordable cost, while mitigating potential risks to prototypes, drivers, and vulnerable road users. However, there exit two primary limitations. Firstly, the reality gap which refers to the disparity between reality and simulation and prevents the simulated autonomous driving systems from having the same performance in the real world. Secondly, the lack of empirical understanding regarding the behavior of real agents, such as backup drivers or passengers, as well as other road users such as vehicles, pedestrians, or cyclists. Agent simulation is commonly implemented through deterministic or randomized probabilistic pre-programmed models, or generated from real-world data; but it fails to accurately represent the behaviors adopted by real agents while interacting within a specific simulated scenario. This paper extends the description of our proposed framework to enable real-time interaction between real agents and simulated environments, by means immersive virtual reality and human motion capture systems within the CARLA simulator for autonomous driving. We have designed a set of usability examples that allow the analysis of the interactions between real pedestrians and simulated autonomous vehicles and we provide a first measure of the user's sensation of presence in the virtual environment.Comment: This is a pre-print of the following work: Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS, volume 1882), 2023, Computer-Human Interaction Research and Applications reproduced with permission of Springer Nature. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-41962-1_5. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.0033

Synthesis of mechanically strong waterborne poly(urethane-urea)s capable of self-healing at elevated temperatures

Although various chemistries have been introduced into polyurethanes in order to obtain self-healing abilities, implementing these materials in applications requiring high strength is challenging as strong materials imply a limited molecular motion, but without movement of polymer chains self-healing is not possible. Here, waterborne poly(urethane-urea)s (PU(U)s) based on aromatic disulfide compounds are developed which balance these contradictory requirements by presenting good mechanical properties at room temperature, while showing the mobility necessary for healing when moderately heated. The influence of hard monomers on the stability and mobility of the materials is investigated by scratch closure, cut healing and rheological measurements, so that the limits of the readily available aromatic disulfide compounds, bis(4-aminophenyl)- and bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)disulfide, can be determined. Subsequently, a modified aromatic disulfide compound, bis[4-(3'-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]disulfide, with increased reactivity, solubility and flexibility is synthesized and incorporated into the PU backbone, so that materials with more attractive mechanical properties, reaching ultimate tensile strengths up to 23 MPa, and self-healing abilities at elevated temperatures could be obtained.The European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme is accredited for the financial support through Project TRACKWAY-ITN 642514 under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement. N.B. acknowledges the financial support obtained through the Post-Doctoral fellowship Juan de la Cierva - Incorporación (IJCI-2016-28442), from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spai