Nuevos datos sobre la distribución de algunos crustáceos decápodos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) para las costas de Galicia

En esta nota se señalan algunas novedades de interés corológico para la fauna de Brachyura de Galicia; en particular, se citan 3 especies nuevas para sus costas: Maja goltziana d’Oliveira, Macropodia deflexa Forest y Pisa armata (Latreille)

Effectiveness of telephone monitoring in primary care to detect pneumonia and associated risk factors in patients with SARS-CoV-2

Improved technology facilitates the acceptance of telemedicine. The aim was to analyze the effectiveness of telephone follow-up to detect severe SARS-CoV-2 cases that progressed to pneumonia. A prospective cohort study with 2-week telephone follow-up was carried out March 1 to May 4, 2020, in a primary healthcare center in Barcelona. Individuals aged =15 years with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 were included. Outpatients with non-severe disease were called on days 2, 4, 7, 10 and 14 after diagnosis; patients with risk factors for pneumonia received daily calls through day 5 and then the regularly scheduled calls. Patients hospitalized due to pneumonia received calls on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 post-discharge. Of the 453 included patients, 435 (96%) were first attended to at a primary healthcare center. The 14-day follow-up was completed in 430 patients (99%), with 1798 calls performed. Of the 99 cases of pneumonia detected (incidence rate 20.8%), one-third appeared 7 to 10 days after onset of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms. Ten deaths due to pneumonia were recorded. Telephone follow-up by a primary healthcare center was effective to detect SARS-CoV-2 pneumonias and to monitor related complications. Thus, telephone appointments between a patient and their health care practitioner benefit both health outcomes and convenience. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

FACTORES DE RIESGO DE DIABETES EN UNA POBLACIÓN ADOLESCENTE DE CANGAS DE MORRAZO (GALICIA) (RIVACANGAS)

RESUMEN Objetivos Identificar factores de riesgo de desarrollar diabetes (DM) en una muestra de escolares. Material y método Estudio epidemiológico, transversal, multicéntrico en alumnos de la ESO (12-17 años) de 4 centros escolares de Cangas do Morrazo (Pontevedra). Variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes personales y familiares de DM, peso, estatura, perímetro de cintura (PC), índice cintura/talla (ICT), índice de masa corporal (IMC), presión arterial. Cuestionario de riesgo de DM para niños y adolescentes (Findrisc-A) (modificado), características de la dieta (Kidmed) y de la actividad física (PAQ-A). Resultados 630 escolares, 628 sin diabetes: 294 niñas (46,8%) y 334 niños (53,2%), media de edad 13,8±1,4 años. El 7,1% hipercolesterolemia; 1,7% ECV, 0,8% HTA y 0,3% DM. El 5,6% antecedentes familiares de 1er grado de DM. Antecedentes de 2º grado de DM el 18,6%. Sobrepeso el 23,3%. El 7,5% con obesidad central (PC >P90). El 21,0 % ICT >0,5. El 63,9% PAS >P90 y 23,7% PAD >P90. La puntuación media del Kidmed fue de 5,0±2,2. 21,7% con adherencia baja (8 puntos). Puntuación media PAQ-A de 2,6±0,7, mayor en niños (2,8±0,7 vs 2,5±0,7; p<0,001), con actividad física baja 1,6% y con actividad física alta el 19,4%. Puntuación media Findrisc-A 6,0±3,4. Relación directa entre Findrisc-A y PAS, PAD, PC, IMC e ICT. Inversa con Kidmed y PAQ-A. Conclusiones El riesgo medio de diabetes resultó bajo, aunque más del 10% presentaba riesgo alto o muy alto. Uno de cada cuatro tiene exceso de peso y uno de cada diez, obesidad. Palabras clave: Factores de riesgo. Adolescentes. Diabetes. Dieta. Actividad física.     ABSTRACT Objectives Identify factors of risk of developing diabetes (DM) in a sample of school. Materials and methods Epidemiologic study, transversal, multicenter in students (12-17 years) of four schools of Cangas do Morrazo (Pontevedra). Variables: age, sex, personal and family history of DM, weight, height, waist circumference (WC), waist/hight index (WHI), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure. Risk of DM questionnaire for children and adolescents (Findrisc-A) (modified), diet (Kidmed) and physical activity (PAQ-A). Results 630 school, 628 without diabetes: 294 girls (46.8%) and 334 children (53.2%), mean of age 13,8±1,4 years. 7.1% hypercholesterolemia; 1.7% CVD, hypertension 0.8% and 0.3% DM. 5.6% 1st degree of family history of DM. 2nd degree of family history of DM, 18.6%. 23.3% overweight. 7.5% with central obesity (PC>P90). 21.0% WHI>0.5. 63.9% SBP>P90 and 23.7% DBO>P90.  The average of the Kidmed score was 5.0±2.2. 21.7% with low adherence (8 points). PAQ-A mean score was 2.6±0.7, higher in children (2.8±0.7 vs 2.5±0.7; p<0.001), with low physical activity 1.6% and 19.4% high physical activity. Findrisc mean score 6.0±3.4. Relationship directly between Findrisc-A and SBP, DBP, WC, BMI and WHI. Reverse with Kidmed and PAQ-A. Conclusions The average diabetes risk was low, but more than 10% had high or very high risk. One in four is overweight and one of ten, obesity. Keywords: Risk factors. Adolescents. Diabetes. Diet. Physical activity

FACTORES DE RIESGO DE DIABETES EN UNA POBLACIÓN ADOLESCENTE DE CANGAS DE MORRAZO (GALICIA) (RIVACANGAS)

RESUMEN Objetivos Identificar factores de riesgo de desarrollar diabetes (DM) en una muestra de escolares. Material y método Estudio epidemiológico, transversal, multicéntrico en alumnos de la ESO (12-17 años) de 4 centros escolares de Cangas do Morrazo (Pontevedra). Variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes personales y familiares de DM, peso, estatura, perímetro de cintura (PC), índice cintura/talla (ICT), índice de masa corporal (IMC), presión arterial. Cuestionario de riesgo de DM para niños y adolescentes (Findrisc-A) (modificado), características de la dieta (Kidmed) y de la actividad física (PAQ-A). Resultados 630 escolares, 628 sin diabetes: 294 niñas (46,8%) y 334 niños (53,2%), media de edad 13,8±1,4 años. El 7,1% hipercolesterolemia; 1,7% ECV, 0,8% HTA y 0,3% DM. El 5,6% antecedentes familiares de 1er grado de DM. Antecedentes de 2º grado de DM el 18,6%. Sobrepeso el 23,3%. El 7,5% con obesidad central (PC >P90). El 21,0 % ICT >0,5. El 63,9% PAS >P90 y 23,7% PAD >P90. La puntuación media del Kidmed fue de 5,0±2,2. 21,7% con adherencia baja (8 puntos). Puntuación media PAQ-A de 2,6±0,7, mayor en niños (2,8±0,7 vs 2,5±0,7; p<0,001), con actividad física baja 1,6% y con actividad física alta el 19,4%. Puntuación media Findrisc-A 6,0±3,4. Relación directa entre Findrisc-A y PAS, PAD, PC, IMC e ICT. Inversa con Kidmed y PAQ-A. Conclusiones El riesgo medio de diabetes resultó bajo, aunque más del 10% presentaba riesgo alto o muy alto. Uno de cada cuatro tiene exceso de peso y uno de cada diez, obesidad. Palabras clave: Factores de riesgo. Adolescentes. Diabetes. Dieta. Actividad física.     ABSTRACT Objectives Identify factors of risk of developing diabetes (DM) in a sample of school. Materials and methods Epidemiologic study, transversal, multicenter in students (12-17 years) of four schools of Cangas do Morrazo (Pontevedra). Variables: age, sex, personal and family history of DM, weight, height, waist circumference (WC), waist/hight index (WHI), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure. Risk of DM questionnaire for children and adolescents (Findrisc-A) (modified), diet (Kidmed) and physical activity (PAQ-A). Results 630 school, 628 without diabetes: 294 girls (46.8%) and 334 children (53.2%), mean of age 13,8±1,4 years. 7.1% hypercholesterolemia; 1.7% CVD, hypertension 0.8% and 0.3% DM. 5.6% 1st degree of family history of DM. 2nd degree of family history of DM, 18.6%. 23.3% overweight. 7.5% with central obesity (PC>P90). 21.0% WHI>0.5. 63.9% SBP>P90 and 23.7% DBO>P90.  The average of the Kidmed score was 5.0±2.2. 21.7% with low adherence (8 points). PAQ-A mean score was 2.6±0.7, higher in children (2.8±0.7 vs 2.5±0.7; p<0.001), with low physical activity 1.6% and 19.4% high physical activity. Findrisc mean score 6.0±3.4. Relationship directly between Findrisc-A and SBP, DBP, WC, BMI and WHI. Reverse with Kidmed and PAQ-A. Conclusions The average diabetes risk was low, but more than 10% had high or very high risk. One in four is overweight and one of ten, obesity. Keywords: Risk factors. Adolescents. Diabetes. Diet. Physical activity

Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.: a rich source of lipophilic phytochemicals

The lipophilic extracts from the storage root of 13 cultivars of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with the aim to valorize them and offer information on their nutritional properties and potential health benefits. The amount of lipophilic extractives ranged from 0.87 to 1.32% dry weight. Fatty acids and sterols were the major families of compounds identified. The most abundant saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were hexadecanoic acid (182-428 mg/kg) and octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid (133-554 mg/kg), respectively. β-Sitosterol was the principal phytosterol, representing 55.2-77.6% of this family, followed by campesterol. Long-chain aliphatic alcohols and α-tocopherol were also detected but in smaller amounts. The results suggest that sweet potato should be considered as an important dietary source of lipophilic phytochemicals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The influence of rice husk ash addition on the properties of metakaolin-based geopolymers

This paper investigates the replacement of metakaolin (MK) with rice husk ash (RHA) in the production of alkali-activated binders or geopolymers. The influence of the RHA addition on compressive and flexural strength, as well as water absorption and apparent porosity were determined, in terms of the percentage of RHA in the mixture and molar ratios of the mixes. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were carried out to assess the changes in the microstructure of the geopolymer matrices with the RHA addition. Results have shown that RHA may be a supplementary precursor for geopolymers. The composition of the geopolymer matrices containing 0-40% RHA is very similar, which indicates that the additional Si provided by RHA is not incorporated to the geopolymer matrix. In addition, geopolymers with RHA content higher than 40% present a plastic behavior, characterized by extremely low strength and high deformation, which can be attributed to the formation of silica gel in formulations containing variable Si/Al ratio

Percepción de los usuarios de la farmacia comunitaria sobre la COVID-19 al final de la alarma y comparación con la situación al inicio

Objetivos: evaluar la percepción de los usuarios de las farmacias sobre la repercusión de la COVID-19 en su salud al final del confinamiento y comparar los resultados con los obtenidos al inicio. Material y métodos: estudio observacional transversal aleatorizado, en farmacias de Pontevedra y Ourense, del 10 al 25 de junio de 2020. Sujetos: ≥18 años que acuden en demanda de medicamentos y/o material de protección. Procedimiento: el usuario cumplimentaba un cuestionario anónimo, depositándolo en una bandeja desinfectada diariamente. Resultados: 839 encuestas. 492 (58,6 %) mujeres, edad media 54,6 (DE=17,4) años. 144 (17,2 %) viven solos. 771 (91,9 %) creen que la COVID-19 es más peligrosa que la gripe, 233 (27,7 %) desconocen estar en algún grupo de riesgo. 137 (16,4 %) dicen sentirse mal/muy mal con el aislamiento. Aspectos más afectados: familiar 429 (51,1 %) y emocional 377 (44,9 %). La afectación de los aspectos físico 210 (25,0 %) y laboral 183 (21,8 %) mejoraron significativamente en fase final. En 2020/21 piensan vacunarse de la gripe 376 (44,4 %), en 2019/20 lo hicieron 243 (34,4 %). 541 (64,5 %) se vacunarán frente a la COVID-19 cuando exista vacuna. Aumentan los que se vacunarán, aunque no esté financiada: 511 (60,9 %) / 280 (39,7 %). Conclusiones: no ha variado significativamente la percepción sobre la peligrosidad de la COVID-19 y la repercusión en su salud. Los aspectos del bienestar más afectados siguen siendo el familiar y el emocional. Aumenta el número de los que se sintieron mal/muy mal con el confinamiento y el de mayores afectados por la soledad. Aumenta la intención de vacunarse del SARS-CoV-2, aunque no sea financiada