Impact of the home confinement related to covid-19 on the device-assessed physical activity and sedentary aatterns of spanish older adults

The main objective of this study was to device-assess the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns of older adults during the situation prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, home confinement, and phase-0 of the deescalation. We also aimed to analyse the effectiveness of an unsupervised home-based exercise routine to counteract the potential increase in sedentary behaviour during the periods within the pandemic. A total of 18 noninstitutionalized older adults(78:4 ± 6:0 y.), members of the Spanish cohort of the EXERNET-Elder 3.0 project, participated in the study. They were recommended to perform an exercise prescription based on resistance, balance, and aerobic exercises during the pandemic. Wrist triaxial accelerometers (ActiGraph GT9X) were used to assess the percentage of sedentary time, physical activity, sedentary bouts and breaks of sedentary time. An ANOVA for repeated measures was performed to analyse the differences between the three different periods. During home quarantine, older adults spent more time in sedentary behaviours (71:6 ± 5:3%) in comparison with either the situation prior to the pandemic (65:5 ± 6:7%) or the ending of isolation (67:7 ± 7:1%) (all p < 0:05). Moreover, participants performed less bouts of physical activity and with a shorter duration during home quarantine (both p < 0:05). Additionally, no differences in the physical activity behaviours were found between the situation prior to the pandemic and the phase-0 of deescalation. According to our results, the home confinement could negatively affect health due to increased sedentary lifestyle and the reduction of physical activity. Therefore, our unsupervised exercise program does not seem to be a completely effective strategy at least in this period

Evolution of Quality of Life and Treatment Adherence after One Year of Intermittent Bladder Catheterisation in Functional Urology Unit Patients

Objective: To determine patient difficulties and concerns when performing IBC (Intermittent Bladder Catheterisation), as well as the evolution of adherence, quality of life, and emotional state of patients one year after starting IBC. Method: A prospective, observational, multicentre study conducted in 20 Spanish hospitals with a one-year follow-up. Data sources were patient records and the King's Health Questionnaire on quality of life, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Perceived adherence was measured using the ICAS (Intermittent Catheterization Adherence Scale) and perceived difficulties with IBC were assessed using the ICDQ (Intermittent Catheterization Difficulty Questionnaire). For data analysis, descriptive and bivariate statistics were performed for paired data at three points in time (T1: one month, T2: three months, T3: one year). Results: A total of 134 subjects initially participated in the study (T0), becoming 104 subjects at T1, 91 at T2, and 88 at T3, with a mean age of 39 years (standard deviation = 22.16 years). Actual IBC adherence ranged from 84.8% at T1 to 84.1% at T3. After one year of follow-up, a statistically significant improvement in quality of life (p <= 0.05) was observed in all dimensions with the exception of personal relationships. However, there were no changes in the levels of anxiety (p = 0.190) or depression (p = 0.682) at T3 compared to T0. Conclusions: Patients requiring IBC exhibit good treatment adherence, with a significant proportion of them performing self-catheterisation. After one year of IBC, a significant improvement in quality of life was noted, albeit with a significant impact on their daily lives and their personal and social relationships. Patient support programmes could be implemented to improve their ability to cope with difficulties and thus enhance both their quality of life and the maintenance of their adherence

Research Group on Earth Observation, Geological Risks and Climate Change (OBTIER)

[EN] Within the framework of the IGME-CSIC Department of Geological Hazards and Climate Change, the OBTIER research group was created in July 2021 and currently has 22 members, including scientific and technical staff, as well as young people with contracts linked to competitive national and international research projects. The main objective of the group is to provide society with scientific information, methods, tools and solutions to mitigate the impact of geohazards and the effects of Climate Change. OBTIER is currently leading 6 competitive projects (4 European and 2 national), as well as several projects in agreement with other national and international administrations. It is an active member of the EuroGeoSurveys Earth Observation Expert Group and the ASGMI Geological Hazards Group. OBTIER offers society a wide range of capabilities on: earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, land subsidence, volcanic eruptions, droughts and floods. In 2021, the group published an article in Science entitled: Mapping the global threat of land subsidence with significant media coverage around the world.Peer reviewe

Análisis de adherencia y supervivencia al sondaje vesical intermitente y factores de riesgo asociados

Intermittent urinary catheterization consists of the periodic drainage of urine through a catheter that is removed immediately after urinary elimination has finished. Compliance with the prescription of the number of daily catheters that the patient must perform, and the infection prevention measures are decisive. This requires training from a nurse, who trains you in performing the technique, in your self-care and in integrating the treatment into your normal life. Objective: To determine the survival of adherence to intermittent bladder catheterization and associated risk factors. Methods: a multicenter prospective observational study in 24 Spanish hospitals, with a follow-up period of 1 year for patients. The sources of information will be the patients' medical records, an information collection notebook developed ad hoc for this study, and a series of validated questionnaires (quality of life, depression and anxiety, adherence to intermittent bladder catheterization). For data analysis, descriptive statistics, univariate survival analysis will be performed to determine the rate of loss of adherence, bivariate and multivariate study between adherence and potential risk factors for abandonment of adherence. All ethical requirements will be met. Scientific and socio-sanitary relevance: knowing the factors that are associated with the loss of adherence, it will be possible to adapt the training programs for patients and carry out an evidence-based practice. In addition, improving adherence to intermittent bladder catheterization will reduce the rate of complications, such as urinary tract infections, and the associated economic impact.El sondaje vesical intermitente consiste en el drenaje periódico de la orina a través de una sonda que se retira inmediatamente finalizada la eliminación urinaria. El cumplimiento de la prescripción del número de sondajes diarios que debe realizarse el paciente y las medidas de prevención de la infección, son determinantes. Esto necesita de la capacitación por parte de una enfermera, quien le entrena en la realización de la técnica, en sus autocuidados y en la integración del tratamiento en su vida habitual. Objetivo: Determinar la supervivencia de adherencia al sondaje vesical intermitente y los factores de riesgo asociados al abandono. Metodología: estudio observacional prospectivo multicéntrico en 24 hospitales españoles, con un periodo de seguimiento de los pacientes de 1 año. Las fuentes de información serán las historias clínicas de los pacientes, un cuaderno de recogida de información desarrollado ad hoc para este estudio y una serie de cuestionarios validados (calidad de vida, depresión y ansiedad, adherencia al sondaje vesical intermitente). Para el análisis de los datos se realizará estadística descriptiva, análisis de supervivencia univariante, para determinar el ritmo de pérdida de adherencia, estudio bivariante y multivariante entre adherencia y los potenciales factores de riesgo de abandono de adherencia. Se cumplirán todos los requisitos éticos. Relevancia científica y sociosanitaria: conociendo los factores que se asocian a la pérdida de adherencia se podrán adaptar los programas de capacitación de los pacientes y hacer una práctica basada en la evidencia. Además, mejorar la adherencia al sondaje vesical intermitente hará disminuir la tasa de complicaciones, como las infecciones urinarias y el impacto económico asociado

La pizarra digital : motor de renovación pedagógica

Se desarrolla un proyecto de innovación educativa que pretende impulsar la innovación pedagógica y la motivación en el aula mediante el uso adecuado de las Nuevas Tecnologías, lo que supone una renovación de la metodología docente y de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Se trata de familiarizar al profesorado con el uso de la Nuevas Tecnologías y de Internet como herramientas educativas útiles en la atención a la diversidad en el alumnado. Se conocen e intercambian experiencias con otros centros y profesorado que utilicen las nuevas Tecnologías en la práctica docente. El proyecto consigue que el alumnado elabore materiales obtenidos de Internet o de otros medios, resuelvan problemas, y realicen la presentación de los mismos a sus compañeros. El proyecto se desarrolla en tres fases: la primera se centra en la formación inicial en la que se realiza una formación técnica del funcionamiento de los nuevos elementos de la pizarra digital y una formación didáctica para que el profesorado realice propuestas didácticas de su materia y se lleve a la práctica; en la segunda fase se desarrolla el proyecto en el aula con el alumnado, cada profesor o profesora realiza las actividades programadas utilizando la pizarra digital y se realiza una encuesta para valorar los resultados de dichas actividades; en la tercera etapa se realiza la recogida de materiales elaborados, se evalúan y se realiza una memoria final en la que se aportan los resultados obtenidos tras la aplicación del proyecto de innovación. La experiencia ha favorecido el aprendizaje del alumnado y ha potenciado el uso por parte de los docentes de metodologías innovadoras que favorezcan los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje.Castilla y LeónConsejería de Educación. Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación; Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Prado, Autovía Puente Colgante s. n.; 47071 Valladolid; +34983411881; +34983411939ES

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research