Combined kinetic and DFT studies on the stabilization of the pyramidal form of H3PO2 at the heterometal site of [Mo3M’S4(H2O)10]4+ clusters (M’= Pd, Ni)

Kinetic and DFT studies have been carried out on the reaction of the [Mo3M’S4(H2O)10]4+ clusters (M’= Pd, Ni) with H3PO2 to form the [Mo3M’(pyr-H3PO2)S4(H2O)9]4+ complexes, in which the rare pyramidal form of H3PO2 is stabilized by coordination to the M’ site of the clusters. The reaction proceeds with biphasic kinetics, both steps showing a first order dependence with respect to H3PO2. These results are interpreted in terms of a mechanism that involves an initial substitution step in which one tetrahedral H3PO2 molecule coordinates to M’ through the oxygen atom of the P=O bond, followed by a second step that consists in tautomerization of coordinated H3PO2 assisted by a second H3PO2 molecule. DFT studies have been carried out to obtain information on the details of both kinetic steps, the major finding being that the role of the additional H3PO2 molecule in the second step consists in catalysing a hydrogen shift from phosphorus to oxygen in O-coordinated H3PO2, which is made possible by its capability of accepting a proton from P-H to form H4PO2 + and then transfer it to the oxygen. DFT studies have been also carried out on the reaction at the Mo centres to understand the reasons that make these metal centres ineffective for promoting tautomerizatio

Corrección quirúrgica del estrabismo en 2 pacientes con el síndrome de Moebius

ResumenSe presentan las características oftalmológicas y clínicas de 2 pacientes (una mujer y un hombre) con diagnóstico de síndrome de Moebius. Esta entidad por lo general bilateral, de causa multifactorial, se caracteriza por marcada esotropía, con gran limitación de la abducción, y otras alteraciones faciales. Se presentan 2 casos clínicos a los que se les realizó corrección quirúrgica.AbstractIt's presented the ophthalmic and clinical characteristic of 2 patients (female and male), with diagnosis of Moebius syndrome. This is a disorder generally bilateral, of multifactorial cause which is characterized by marked esotropia, with large limitation of abduction, with other facial alterations. We presented 2 clinic cases which already underwent surgical correctio

Como escribir el resumen de un artículo científico en inglés.

Uno de los principales problemas en el desarrollo de la expresión escrita en inglés con enfoque en el género es la redacción del resumen sobre artículos o investigaciones científicas. Con el objetivo de actualizar los conocimientos existentes sobre este tema, se decidió realizar una revisión bibliográfica acerca de los elementos más importantes relacionados con este tipo de texto. En el trabajo se describen las modalidades de producción del texto-resumen, se analiza la relación existente entre las habilidades de lectura y escritura, la información textual, la información discursiva, el enfoque en el género, los distintos tipos de resúmenes y, en particular, los resúmenes de investigaciones médicas. Como resultado de la revisión realizada se propone el uso del modelo de resumen del lingüista holandés Teun A. Van Dijk por su eficacia en investigaciones sobre el tema que nos ocupa, realizadas por la mayoría de los autores consultados. Se concluye que los aspectos que deben utilizarse para la elaboración de resúmenes escritos en inglés son: las actividades o macrorreglas citadas por este autor, también denominadas operaciones resuntivas: Omitir, seleccionar, generalizar, construir o integrar así como el análisis lingüístico de los artículos de Investigación: longitud de los resúmenes, número de oraciones y longitud de las mismas, voz y tiempos verbales.  Palabras clave: Lectura, Escritura, Género, Resumen

Aprendizaje por competencias. percepción del alumnado del Grado de Educación Social en la asignatura “Educación social, Políticas e Instituciones Sociales

[SPA] En este trabajo se exponen los resultados obtenidos, en un cuestionario de elaboración propia, sobre la valoración que los alumnos del Grado de Educación Social del curso académico 2012/2013 tienen de las competencias de la asignatura de Educación Social, Políticas e Instituciones Sociales. La percepción de los alumnos respecto al grado de adquisición y utilidad de las competencias es baja, y proponen como medidas de mejora más contenido de índole práctico, mayor actualización de los contenidos teóricos y más claridad expositiva de los mismos. [ENG] In this paper the results are presented in a specifically designed questionnaire on the assessment of students in Grade Social Education academic year 2012/2013 have the powers of the subject of Social Education, Social Policy and Institutions. The perception of the students regarding the degree of acquisition and use of skills is low, and propose measures to improve as more content practical nature, major upgrade of the theoretical content and clarity of presentation thereof

Síndrome de adherencia del músculo oblicuo inferior izquierdo

ResumenSe presenta el caso de una paciente de 15 años de edad con antecedentes de haber sido operada de estrabismo en 2 ocasiones. Acude a nuestro instituto pues presenta limitación de la elevación en aducción del ojo izquierdo, hipotropía de ese ojo e hipertropía derecha de 25DP. Se plantea un síndrome de adherencia del oblicuo inferior izquierdo y se realiza liberación de adherencias en la zona inferotemporal izquierda y retroinserción del recto superior derecho 4mm (músculo yunta) en un segundo tiempo, encontrándose alineada en posición primaria de mirada, mejorando levemente la elevación.AbstractA case of a 15 years old patient with a history of strabismus is presented here. She had been operated twice and she attends to our institute because of limited elevation in adduction and left hypotropia, as well as 25PD hypertropia in her right eye. Left inferior oblique adherence syndrome is diagnosed. Lysis of adherences in the left infero-temporal area is performed. In a second moment, a right superior rectus recession about 4mm(yoke muscle) is performed, aligning in primary gaze position, and slightly improving elevation

Cytoplasmic cyclin D1 regulates cell invasion and metastasis through the phosphorylation of paxillin

Cyclin D1 (Ccnd1) together with its binding partner Cdk4 act as a transcriptional regulator to control cell proliferation and migration, and abnormal Ccnd1 . Cdk4 expression promotes tumour growth and metastasis. While different nuclear Ccnd1 . Cdk4 targets participating in cell proliferation and tissue development have been identified, little is known about how Ccnd1 . Cdk4 controls cell adherence and invasion. Here, we show that the focal adhesion component paxillin is a cytoplasmic substrate of Ccnd1 . Cdk4. This complex phosphorylates a fraction of paxillin specifically associated to the cell membrane, and promotes Rac1 activation, thereby triggering membrane ruffling and cell invasion in both normal fibroblasts and tumour cells. Our results demonstrate that localization of Ccnd1 . Cdk4 to the cytoplasm does not simply act to restrain cell proliferation, but constitutes a functionally relevant mechanism operating under normal and pathological conditions to control cell adhesion, migration and metastasis through activation of a Ccnd1 . Cdk4-paxillin-Rac1 axis

Isolation of Ovicidal Fungi from Fecal Samples of Captive Animals Maintained in a Zoological Park

There are certain saprophytic fungi in the soil able to develop an antagonistic effect against eggs of parasites. Some of these fungal species are ingested by animals during grazing, and survive in their feces after passing through the digestive tract. To identify and isolate ovicidal fungi in the feces of wild captive animals, a total of 60 fecal samples were taken from different wild animals kept captive in the Marcelle Natureza Zoological Park (Lugo, Spain). After the serial culture of the feces onto Petri dishes with different media, their parasicitide activity was assayed against eggs of trematodes (Calicophoron daubneyi) and ascarids (Parascaris equorum). Seven fungal genera were identified in the feces. Isolates from Fusarium, Lecanicillium, Mucor, Trichoderma, and Verticillium showed an ovicidal effect classified as type 3, because of their ability to adhere to the eggshell, penetrate, and damage permanently the inner embryo. Penicillium and Gliocladium developed a type 1 effect (hyphae attach to the eggshell but morphological damage was not provoked). These results provide very interesting and useful information about fungi susceptible for being used in biological control procedures against parasitesThis research was partly supported by the Research Projects AGL2012-34355 and CTM2015-65954-R (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain; FEDER). María S. Arias is recipient of a “Parga Pondal” postdoctoral research fellowship (Xunta de Galicia, Spain)S

The Control of Zoonotic Soil-Transmitted Helminthoses Using Saprophytic Fungi

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are parasites transmitted through contact with soil contaminated with their infective eggs/larvae. People are infected by exposure to human-specific species or animal species (zoonotic agents). Fecal samples containing eggs of Ascaris suum or Lemurostrongylus sp. were sprayed with spores of the soil saprophytic filamentous fungi Clonostachys rosea (CR) and Trichoderma atrobrunneum (TA). The antagonistic effect was assessed by estimating the viability of eggs and their developmental rate. Compared to the controls (unexposed to fungi), the viability of the eggs of A. suum was halved in CR and decreased by two thirds in TA, while the viability of the eggs of Lemurostrongylus sp. was reduced by one quarter and one third in CR and TA treatments, respectively. The Soil Contamination Index (SCI), defined as the viable eggs that attained the infective stage, reached the highest percentages for A. suum in the controls after four weeks (66%), with 21% in CL and 11% in TA. For Lemurostrongylus sp., the values were 80%, 49%, and 41% for control, CR and TA treatments, respectively. We concluded that spreading spores of C. rosea or T. atrobrunneum directly onto the feces of animal species represents a sustainable approach under a One Health context to potentially reduce the risk of zoonotic STHs in humansThis research was funded by the Research Projects CTM2015-65954-R and RYC-2016-21407 (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain; FEDER), and ED431F 2018/03 (Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia, Spain). María Sol Arias Vázquez is recipient of a Ramón y Cajal (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain) contractS