90 research outputs found
Germination and Early Seedling Growth of High Andean Native Plants under Heavy Metal Stress
The development of large-scale mining activity along the Central Andes of Argentina (CAA) has generated significant amounts of waste materials containing heavy metals. Phytoremediation is a promising eco-friendly, low-cost, and effective technology for the removal of heavy metals. The present study aimed to identify two native dominant species from the CCA, Adesmia subterranea and A. pinifolia, as metal-tolerant plant species for the first time, by evaluating the germination and early seedling growth at different concentrations (ppm) of Cd (3, 4.5 and 6), Ni (150, 225 and 300), As (20, 30 and 40), and Hg (0.8, 1.2 and 1.6) Early seedling growth was found to be more sensitive to heavy metals than germination. Ni and As exhibited the greatest inhibitory effect on both speciesâ germination percentages. In contrast, with Cd and Hg, no inhibitory effect was recorded. Root length, metal tolerance index, and fresh and dry weight were stimulated with Hg. However, the phytotoxic effect was greater as the concentration of Ni, As, and Cd increased. As an overall conclusion, the order of toxicity for these species can be classified as Ni > As > Cd > Hg. Therefore, Adesmia species could be considered as candidates for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Hg and low concentrations of Cd.Fil: Parera, Victoria. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Parera, Carlos. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan; Argentin
Synergistic mutual potentiation of antifungal activity of Zuccagnia punctata Cav. and Larrea nitida Cav. extracts in clinical isolates of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata
Background: Zuccagnia punctata Cav. (Fabaceae) and Larrea nitida Cav. (Zygophyllaceae) are indistinctly or jointly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of fungal-related infections. Although their dichloromethane (DCM) extract have demonstrated moderate antifungal activities when tested on their own, antifungal properties of combinations of both plants have not been assessed previously. Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish with statistical rigor whether Z. punctata (ZpE) and L. nitida DCM extract (LnE) interact synergistically against the clinically important fungi Candida albicans and Candida glabrata and to characterize the most synergistic combinations. Study design: For synergism assessment, the statistical-based Boik's design was applied. Eight ZpEâLnE fixed-ratio mixtures were prepared from four different months of 1 year and tested against Candida strains. LÏ (Loewe index) of each mixture at different fractions affected (Ï) allowed for the finding of the most synergistic combinations, which were characterized by HPLC fingerprint and by the quantitation of the selected marker compounds. Methods: LÏ and confidence intervals were determined in vitro with the MixLow method, once the estimated parameters from the doseâresponse curves of independent extracts and mixtures, were obtained. Markers (four flavonoids for ZpE and three lignans for LnE) were quantified in each extract and their combinations, with a valid HPLCâUV method. The 3D-HPLC profiles of the most synergistic mixtures were obtained by HPLCâDAD. Results: Three over four IC50ZpE/IC50LnE fixed-ratio mixtures displayed synergistic interactions at effect levels Ï > 0.5 against C. albicans. The dosis of the most synergistic (LÏ = 0.62) mixture was 65.96 ”g/ml (ZpE = 28%; LnE = 72%) containing 8 and 36% of flavonoids and lignans respectively. On the other hand, one over four IC50ZpE/IC50LnE mixtures displays synergistic interactions at Ï > 0.5 against C. glabrata. The dosis of the most synergistic (LÏ = 0.67) mixture was 168.23 ”g/ml (ZpE = 27%; LnE = 73%) with 9.7 and 31.6% of flavonoids and lignans respectively. Conclusions: Studies with the statistical-based MixLow method, allowed for the finding of the most ZpEâLnE synergistic mixtures, giving support to a proper joint use of both antifungal herbs in traditional medicine.Fil: Butassi, EstefanĂa. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias BioquĂmicas y FarmacĂ©uticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Svetaz, Laura Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias BioquĂmicas y FarmacĂ©uticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ivancovich, Juan J.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias BioquĂmicas y FarmacĂ©uticas; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, Alejandro A.. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Zacchino, Susana Alicia Stella. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias BioquĂmicas y FarmacĂ©uticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentin
Green Synthesis of Potential Antifungal Agents: 2-Benzyl Substituted Thiobenzoazoles
A series of benzyl-substituted thiobenzoazoles were synthesized by an environmentally friendly 18 approach, to search for new antifungal agrochemicals. Compounds were prepared starting from 2- 19 mercaptobenzoazoles, using KOH, benzyl halides and water, resulting in a simple and ecological 20 method. New antifungals were tested against a group of phytopathogenic fungi. Two compounds 21 showed an interesting activity against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus spp.: 22 2-((4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)thio)benzo[d]thiazole, 3ac, and 2-((4- 23 methylbenzyl)thio)benzo[d]thiazole, 3al. Thus, 3ac and 3al can be considered as broad spectrum 24 antifungal agents. Furthermore, two new compounds, 2-((4-iodobenzyl)thio)benzo[d]thiazole, 3aj, 25 and 2-(benzylthio)benzo[d]oxazole, 3ba, showed better inhibitory effect against Botrytis cinerea 26 and Fusarium oxysporum when compared to the commercial fungicide Captan. Thus, 3aj and 3ba 27 can be considered reduced-spectrum antifungalsFil: Ballari, MarĂa Sol. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en FĂsico-quĂmica de CĂłrdoba. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en FĂsico-quĂmica de CĂłrdoba; ArgentinaFil: Herrera Cano, Natividad Carolina. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: LĂłpez, Abel Gerardo. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, FĂsicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencia y TecnologĂa de los Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Wunderlin, Daniel Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y TecnologĂa de Alimentos CĂłrdoba. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas. Instituto de Ciencia y TecnologĂa de Alimentos CĂłrdoba; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Santiago, Ana Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en FĂsico-quĂmica de CĂłrdoba. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en FĂsico-quĂmica de CĂłrdoba; Argentin
Microwave-Assisted Organocatalytic Intramolecular Knoevenagel/Hetero DielsâAlder Reaction with O -(Arylpropynyloxy)-Salicylaldehydes: Synthesis of Polycyclic Embelin Derivatives
highly efficient and regioselective approach to new polycyclic embelin derivatives through a domino Knoevenagel condensation/intramolecular hetero DielsâAlder reaction using O-(arylpropynyloxy)-salicylaldehydes in the presence of ethylenediamine diacetate (EDDA) is reported. This organocatalyzed protocol is compatible toward a wide range of aryl-substituted alkynyl ethers with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. When other active methylene compounds were subjected to this domino reaction the corresponding adducts were obtained in high yield.Fil: MartĂn-Acosta, Pedro. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Estevez Braun, Ana. Universidad de La Laguna; Españ
Estudio anatĂłmico de Baccharis grisebachii Hieron. (Asteraceae). Usada en la medicina tradicional de la Provincia de San Juan, Argentina
Baccharis grisebachii Hieron., commonly known as âquilchamaliâ, is a bushy plant that lives in the high mountains of Argentina and southern Bolivia. The infusion or decoction of aerial parts is used in the traditional medicine of San Juan province, Argentina, to treat gastric ulcers, digestive problems, and as antiseptic and wound healing in humans and horses. The aim of this study is to analyze the anatomical characters of B. grisebachii for specific identification and quality control. The results show that the leaf blade is ericoid with a dorsiventral mesophyll, and epidermis has a smooth and thick cuticle. The stomata are anomocytic. In both epidermis there are two types of hairs, not glandular and glandular. Adult stems show secondary structures. The root shows 1 - 2 rows of pericyclic cells and an endodermis. B. grisebachii shows xeromorphic anatomic characters. The structural characters provide micrographic reference standards, useful for quality control at the crude drug stage.Baccharis grisebachii Hieron. conocida comĂșnmente como âquilchamaliâ es una planta arbustiva que vive en las altas montañas de la Argentina y el sur de Bolivia. La infusiĂłn o decociĂłn de las partes aĂ©reas es utilizada en la medicina tradicional de la provincia de San Juan, Argentina, para tratar las Ășlceras gĂĄstricas, problemas digestivos y como cicatrizante de heridas y antisĂ©ptica en humanos y equinos. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las caracterĂsticas anatĂłmicas de B. grisebachii Ăștiles en la identificaciĂłn y control de calidad de la especie. Los resultados muestran que la hoja es ericoide con mesofilo dorsiventral y tiene una epidermis con una cutĂcula gruesa y lisa. Los estomas son anomocĂticos. En ambas epidermis se encuentran dos tipos de pelos, no glandulares y glandulares. En tallos adultos se hace evidente una estructura secundaria y en la raĂz se observan 1-2 hileras de cĂ©lulas pericĂclicas y la endodermis. B. grisebachii muestra caracteres anatĂłmicos xeromĂłrficos. Los caracteres estructurales enunciados proporcionan patrones de referencia microgrĂĄficos, Ăștiles para el control de calidad de la droga cruda.Fil: Hadad, MartĂn Ariel. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Gattuso, Susana Julia. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias BioquĂmicas y FarmacĂ©uticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gattuso, Martha Ana. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias BioquĂmicas y FarmacĂ©uticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, AnĂbal Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentin
Convective drying of yellow discarded onion (Angaco INTA): Modelling of moisture loss kinetics and effect on phenolic compounds
The Angaco INTA onion variety is the most cultivated and its production, mostly is destined for export. Due to their high-quality standards of these markets, many onions are discarded. The drying process seems to be a promising solution that not only give added value to this product, but also extend shelf life. In this work, the influence of convective drying process, at 60 and 70âŻÂ°C, on the kinetic behavior, antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents of discarded onion slices were investigated. Considering that, the Angaco INTA onion is a variety genetically developed to have shorter cultivation times in this region; the phenolic compounds content in this onion variety, the drying kinetics and its influence on this content have never been studied. In this study, the phenolic compounds contributions to dehydrated product quality was evaluated, observing that the convective drying increased the total soluble phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant properties for both temperatures, being highest at 70âŻÂ°C. The rehydration ratios were similar to the slices dried at 60 and 70âŻÂ°C. Several models were used for describing the obtained drying curve equation of onion slices, being the Midilliâs model the one that presented the best fit. Ficksâs model of water diffusion fitted all experimental data with acceptable correlation coefficients. Considering the achieved findings, 70âŻÂ°C is the optimum temperature to produce the dehydrated Angaco INTA onion.Fil: Roman, MarĂa Celia. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de IngenierĂa QuĂmica; ArgentinaFil: Fabani, Maria Paula. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Lorena Celina. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de IngenierĂa QuĂmica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mazza, German Delfor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de InvestigaciĂłn y Desarrollo en IngenierĂa de Procesos, BiotecnologĂa y EnergĂas Alternativas. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de InvestigaciĂłn y Desarrollo en IngenierĂa de Procesos, BiotecnologĂa y EnergĂas Alternativas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Rosa. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de IngenierĂa QuĂmica; Argentin
Chemical composition, antibacterial and repellent activities of Azorella trifurcata, Senecio pogonias, and Senecio oreophyton essential oils
The antibacterial and insect-repellent activities of the essential oils (EOs) from Argentinian medicinal plants Azorella trifurcata (Gaertn.) Pers., Senecio cfr. oreophyton J. Remy and Senecio cfr. pogonias Cabrera, were investigated. All EOs showed good repellent properties against Triatoma infestans Klug, the vector of the Chagas disease, with percent repellence values between 60% and 70% at 24 hours compared with positive control N-N diethyl-m-methylbenzamide (DEET) and moderate activity against the bacteria tested with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values between 31.2 and 2000 ÎŒg/ml. The Azorella trifurcata, Senecio pogonias and S. oreophyton EOs, obtained by hydrodistillation, were characterized by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. Spathulenol (38.2%), myrtenyl acetate (8.4%) and α-terpineol (4.5%), limonene (9.8%) and α-thujene (5.4%) were the main constituents in the EO of Azorella trifurcata. The Senecio pogonias and S. oreophyton EOs are characterized by a high content of monoterpenes hydrocarbons (92% and 95.1%, respectively) with α-pinene, the main component in both oils. To our knowledge, the essential oil composition from Andean medicinal plants A. trifurcata, Senecio pogonias and S. oreophyton collected in central Andean slopes are reported for first time.Fil: LĂłpez, Sandra Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Lima, Beatriz Viviana. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: AgĂŒero, MarĂa BelĂ©n. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: LĂłpez, MarĂa Liza. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Hadad, MartĂn Ariel. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Zygadlo, Julio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de BiologĂa Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FĂsicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de BiologĂa Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Caballero, Duilio. Provincia de San Juan. Hospital Marcial Quiroga; ArgentinaFil: Stariolo, RaĂșl Luis. Ministerio de Salud. SecretarĂa de Programas Sanitarios. SubsecretarĂa de Programas de PrevenciĂłn y PromociĂłn. CoordinaciĂłn Nacional de Control de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Suero, Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; ArgentinaFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentin
Formas Plurais na Aquisição da Matéria-Prima: uma Anålise do Setor de Torrefação e Moagem de Café no Brasil
O objetivo deste artigo Ă© analisar os fatores que levam Ă utilização de formas plurais para aquisição de matĂ©ria-prima no setor de torrefação e moagem de cafĂ© no Brasil. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo quantitativo por meio da aplicação de questionĂĄrios semiestruturados junto a 120 empresas. Foi possĂvel constatar que as formas plurais de governança estĂŁo presentes em 16,6% da amostra. Verificou-se que o tempo de atuação da empresa no mercado possui uma relação negativa e significativa com o uso de formas plurais, ou seja, quanto menor a idade da empresa, maior a probabilidade de utilizar formas plurais de governança. Isso indica que a desregulamentação do setor foi um fator importante para o acontecimento dessa forma de governança, dado que as empresas que utilizam formas plurais tem idade mĂ©dia de 19,5 anos, ou seja, começaram a atuar dois anos apĂłs a desregulamentação. AlĂ©m disso, foi possĂvel observar que as empresas que entraram no setor apĂłs a desregulamentação utilizam mecanismos mais complexos para a aquisição do cafĂ© verde, como a integração vertical.
UHPLC-HESI-OT-MS-MS biomolecules profiling, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the âorange-yellow resinâ from zuccagnia punctata Cav
This research was designed to investigate the metabolite profiling, phenolics, and flavonoids content as well as the potential antioxidant and antibacterial, properties of orange-yellow resin from Zuccagnia punctata Cav (ZpRe). Metabolite profiling was obtained by a ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis (UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS). The antioxidant properties were screened by four methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant activity assay (TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes (LP)). The antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) rules. The resin displayed a strong DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 25.72 ”g/mL) and showed a percentage of inhibition of LP close to that of the reference compound catechin (70% at 100 ”g ZpRe/mL), while a moderated effect was observed in the FRAP and TEAC assays. The resin showed a content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of 391 mg GAE/g and 313 mg EQ/g respectively. Fifty phenolics compounds were identified by ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis (UHPLC-PDA-OT-MS) analysis. Thirty-one compounds are reported for the first time, updating the knowledge on the chemical profile of this species. The importance of the biomolecules identified support traditional use of this endemic plant. Furthermore, additional pharmacological data is presented that increase the potential interest of this plant for industrial sustainable applications.Fil: GĂłmez Pelaytay, Jessica BelĂ©n. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Simirgiotis, Mario Juan. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Manrique, Sofia. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Lima, Beatriz Viviana. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan; ArgentinaFil: BĂłrquez, Jorge. Universidad de Antofagasta; ChileFil: Feresin, Gabriela Egly. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Tapia, AnĂbal Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de IngenierĂa. Instituto de BiotecnologĂa; Argentin
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