What Good Are They Anyway? : A User Looks at Documentary Editions of Statesmen\u27s Papers

Historical editing has come far in recent years. Editors now have their own organization; they have an ever-stricter set of standards and, as of this year, a handbook codifying those standards. What was once an avocation has become a profession. Yet one cannot overlook that documentary editions have failed to meet some of the expectations first held out for them. The bloodless revolution in American history promised us a quarter-century ago from the publication of great statesmen\u27s papers has so far proved not only bloodless but undetectable. Ironically, just as that revolution was being proclaimed, a very different-and far from bloodless-revolution in American historiography began to carry scholars away altogether from the kinds of concerns that could be effectively addressed through the papers of great white men. Since then the wheel has turned once more, and a renewed appreciation of the ideological currents running through early American history has led us to look again at the words of the Founding Fathers, and to find new meaning in them. But while the modern editions of statesmen\u27s papers have facilitated this resurgence of interest, they in no sense instigated it; indeed it is difficult to trace any significant historiographic trend to their direct influence. Stimulated by unforeseen developments both within and without the historical profession, our ways of thinking about the past have evolved quite independently of the production schedules of documentary editions

Exploring Reading Skills and Strategies Among Struggling Postsecondary Readers

Many students enter college underprepared to meet the literacy demands they encounter. There are calls for cognitively oriented research aimed at understanding the strengths and challenges of these readers, especially those enrolled in developmental education courses designed to improve literacy skills. The purpose of this dissertation was to better understand the basis of the difficulties faced by struggling college readers. In chapter one, the Reading Systems Framework (RFS; Perfetti & Stafure, 2014) was utilized to examine prior research on struggling college readers and accordingly, research related to word identification, lexical processes, and higher-level comprehension strategies was explored. Additionally, literature exploring complex, interactive relations between reading systems was explored. The review illustrates the utility of the RSF to understand struggling college readers and identifies areas where more research is needed. Chapter two presents a study that examined the relations among proficiency in component reading skills, one’s propensity to engage reading strategies, and enrollment in DE courses. Participants (N = 258) completed a measure of component reading skills (word recognition/decoding, vocabulary, morphology, sentence processing) as well as a think-aloud measure, wherein they produced written responses while reading texts. Responses were scored based on evidence of reading strategies (paraphrasing, bridging, and elaboration) and their overall quality in supporting comprehension. Logistic regression was used to assess the extent to which one’s proficiency in component reading skills and use of reading strategies could be utilized to predict whether participants were enrolled in DE courses. Results indicated that proficiency in reading skills was related to enrollment in DE courses but that the use of reading strategies was not. Cumulative links mixed effects models were used to assess the extent to which proficiency in component reading skills and DE enrollment were differentially related to the use of reading strategies and the overall quality of participant’s responses. Results indicated that vocabulary was a positive predictor of bridging and elaboration scores. Moreover, vocabulary and word recognition/decoding positively predicted the overall quality of responses. DE enrollment was a negative predictor of elaboration scores, suggesting that DE readers were less likely to produce elaborations. Implications for theory and practice are discussed

The Seminole Controversy Revisited: A New Look At Andrew Jackson\u27s 1818 Florida Campaign

Americans began their experiment in self-government with the notion that republics naturally love peace and monarchies naturally love war. As Thomas Paine explained in Common Sense, wars began when crowned ruffians attacked their neighbors-or their own subjects-in pursuit of personal wealth, power, or glory. In the early ages of the world, according to the scripture chronology, there were no kings; the consequence of which was there were no wars; it is the pride of kings which throw mankind into confusion. Since the people at large were naturally peace-loving, republics would fight only in self-defense. Not by coincidence, said Paine, had Holland enjoyed more peace in the century since it threw off its king than any of its monarchical European neighbors. Yoked to Great Britain, America had been embroiled in almost continuous war with imperial France and Spain. Sever the link and inaugurate a republic, and she would be at peace with all mankind.

The Young America Movement and the Transformation of the Democratic Party, 1828û1861

Young America and Antebellum Politics The label Young America surfaced in the 1840s to denote an exuberant romantic nationalism and the literati who espoused it. Rather a spirit than a movement, a feeling than a faction, it lacked a precise program or constituency. Its premier spokesman ...

An Evaluation of Computational Methods to Support the Clinical Management of Chronic Disease Populations

Innovative primary care models that deliver comprehensive primary care to address medical and social needs are an established means of improving health outcomes and reducing healthcare costs among persons living with chronic disease. Care management is one such approach that requires providers to monitor their respective patient panels and intervene on patients requiring care. Health information technology (IT) has been established as a critical component of care management and similar care models. While there exist a plethora of health IT systems for facilitating primary care, there is limited research on their ability to support care management and its emphasis on monitoring panels of patients with complex needs. In this dissertation, I advance the understanding of how computational methods can better support clinicians delivering care management, and use the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as an example scenario of use. The research described herein is segmented into 3 aims; the first was to understand the processes and barriers associated with care management and assess whether existing IT can support clinicians in this domain. The second and third aim focused on informing potential solutions to the technological shortcomings identified in the first aim. In the studies of the first aim, I conducted interviews and observations in two HIV primary care programs and analyzed the data generated to create a conceptual framework of population monitoring and identify challenges faced by clinicians in delivering care management. In the studies of the second aim, I used computational methods to advance the science of extracting from the patient record social and behavioral determinants of health (SBDH), which are not easily accessible to clinicians and represent an important barrier to care management. In the third aim, I conducted a controlled experimental evaluation to assess whether data visualization can improve clinician’s ability to maintain awareness of their patient panels

The Effects Of Post-Natal Hyperthyroidism on Coronal Suture Fusion and Calvarial Growth in Rabbits with Familial, Delayed-Onset Synostosis: Testing a Gene/Environmental Causal Mechanism of Variable Phenotypic Expression of Craniosynostosis

Early fusion of craniosynostosis may occur prior to birth or afterwards during cranial vault growth. The cause of craniosynostosis may be due to genetic maturations and/or environmental influences. Many reports show environmental influences increasing the penetrance or expression of craniosynostosis. The purpose of this study is to identify the environmental influences of post-natal administration of tri-iodothyronine (T3) in rabbits that demonstrate familial delayed onset craniosynostosis, and identify a possible gene/environment interaction. A total of 65 New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were used. Forty one (41) rabbits with delayed onset craniosynostosis were obtained, as well as 24 in-colony normal rabbits from a similar colony, but who did not display phenotypic expression of craniosynostosis. Both phenotypic groups were divided into 3 treatments groups: post-natal injections of tri-iodothyronine (T3), vehicle sham, or control no-treatment group. A 2x3x3 (phenotype x treatment x age) design was used. Amalgam markers were placed around frontonasal, coronal and anterior lambdoid suture. Lateral and dorsoventral cephalograms were taken at 10, 25 and 42 days. Lateral cephalograms were traced, 13 anatomic landmarks identified, and both linear and angular measurements were made. Correlation between treatment group and coronal suture marker measurement was made. Results showed statistically increased blood T3 levels (F = 5.96, p<0.005) and decreased blood T4 levels (F = 41.07; p<0.000) in T3 treated groups. Coronal suture marker separation decreased in treated rabbits but was not significant (F=2.07; p NS). Mean changes in body weight were significant in T3 treated groups (F=6.91; p<0.002). Mean changes in total craniofacial length, cranial vault and length, and cranial base angle were not significant. Mean changes in cranial vault shape index were significant (F=5.837; p<0.006). Mean changes in palatal angle were significant for delayed on-set rabbits as well as T3 treated groups (F=4.535; p<0.05; and F=3.333; p<0.05). In conclusion, the effect of T3 on cranial development showed changes in cranial vault shape index and palatal plane angle. Decreased coronal suture marker separation was observed in T3 treated rabbits but not statistically significant. No gene/environment interaction was observed in this study and other factors affecting variable phenotypic expression should be explored

Snooze: A Scalable, Fault-Tolerant and Distributed Consolidation Manager for Large-Scale Clusters

International audienceIntelligent workload consolidation and dynamic cluster adaptation offer a great opportunity for energy savings in current large-scale clusters. Because of the heterogeneous nature of these environments, scalable, fault-tolerant and distributed consolidation managers are necessary in order to efficiently manage their workload and thus conserve energy and reduce the operating costs. However, most of the consolidation managers available nowadays do not fulfill these requirements. Hence, they are mostly centralized and solely designed to be operated in virtualized environments. In this work, we present the architecture of a novel scalable, fault-tolerant and distributed consolidation manager called Snooze that is able to dynamically consolidate the workload of a software and hardware heterogeneous large-scale cluster composed out of resources using the virtualization and Single System Image (SSI) technologies. Therefore, a common cluster monitoring and management API is introduced, which provides a uniform and transparent access to the features of the underlying platforms. Our architecture is open to support any future technologies and can be easily extended with monitoring metrics and algorithms. Finally, a comprehensive use case study demonstrates the feasibility of our approach to manage the energy consumption of a large-scale cluster

An electrophysiological investigation of power-amplification in the ballistic mantis shrimp punch

Author Posting. © Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education 17(1), (2019): T12-T19.Mantis shrimp are aggressive, burrowing crustaceans that hunt using one the fastest movements in the natural world. These stomatopods can crack the calcified shells of prey or spear down unsuspecting fish with lighting speed. Their strike makes use of power-amplification mechanisms to move their limbs much faster than is possible by muscles alone. Other arthropods such as crickets and grasshoppers also use power-amplified kicks that allow these animals to rapidly jump away from predator threats. Here we present a template laboratory exercise for studying the electrophysiology of power-amplified limb movement in arthropods, with a specific focus on mantis shrimp strikes. The exercise is designed in such a way that it can be applied to other species that perform power-amplified limb movements (e.g., house crickets, Acheta domesticus) and species that do not (e.g., cockroaches, Blaberus discoidalis). Students learn to handle the animals, make and implant electromyogram (EMG) probes, and finally perform experiments. This integrative approach introduces the concept of power-amplified neuromuscular control; allows students to develop scientific methods, and conveys high-level insights into behavior, and convergent evolution, the process by which different species evolve similar traits.Author GJG declares a commercial interest in the SpikerBox used here as a co-owner in Backyard Brains. Authors ES and SM are employed by Backyard Brains. DJP and GJG were supported by a National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) award #R44MH093334. Author KDF is funded by European Commission Marie Sklodowska-Curie Independent Postdoctoral Research Fellowship and the Grass Foundation