Evaluation of antiviral treatment for hepatitis B with tenofovir and entecavir at the viral hepatitis outpatient clinic of the tropical medicine research center in Rondônia / Avaliação do tratamento antiviral da hepatite B com tenofovir e entecavir no ambulatório de hepatites virais do centro de pesquisa em medicina tropical de Rondônia

The emergence of treatment-resistant strains has been an obstacle in antiviral treatment of hepatitis B, which is carried out when the disease evolves to the chronic phase. In 2017, the Ministry of Health limited the therapeutic arsenal to the use of Tenofovir and Entecavir, due to their greater effectiveness and genetic barrier. However, there are no comparative studies of the antiviral activity of these two drugs in the state of Rondônia; such studies would improve the treatment of this disease. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic response of hepatitis B patients treated with Entecavir and Tenofovir at state of Rondônia. Patient data were analyzed in medical records containing information about the treatment used and the evolution of each patient’s clinical condition. The tests observed are those that detect HBV DNA to assess viral load, HBV serological markers and liver transaminases, to monitor the evolution of the disease. As a result, the samplings and correlations carried out in this study indicated that the efficacy of both Entecavir and Tenofovir was satisfactory in view of the different profiles of chronic HBV patients evaluated, since they reduced the viral load and normalized transaminases. The data obtained may help to understand the profile and therapeutic response of patients infected with the HBV virus who are treated with Tenofovir and Entecavir, as well as to disseminate pharmacoepidemiological data

A relevância das atividades físicas como instrumento para saúde mental dos idosos: um relato de experiência/The relevance of physical activities as an instrument for mental health of the elderly: an experience report

Introdução: Com o processo de envelhecimento, ocorrem mudanças fisiológicas, psicológicas e sociais que influenciam o comportamento do idoso. Para garantir a qualidade de vida é necessário hábitos de vida saudáveis, que inclui a atividade física regular, considerada um componente importante para a saúde mental, principalmente aos idosos. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência de estudantes dos cursos de fisioterapia e educação física com idosos participantes do projeto realizado pelo Laboratório de Exercício Resistido em Saúde da Universidade do Estado do Pará em Belém-PA. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo relato de experiência construído a partir da vivência de acadêmicos de educação física e fisioterapia no projeto aptidão física e saúde da Universidade do Estado do Pará no período de fevereiro à dezembro de 2019. Resultados: A intervenção baseou-se no atendimento humanizado, acolhendo e acompanhando os idosos durante as atividades físicas no laboratório, promovendo qualidade de vida a partir da realização da atividade física com a interação social. Constatou-se que a prática da atividade física em espaços sociais trouxe benefícios positivos relacionando a mente e o corpo na conquista do bem-estar físico, emocional e psíquico para todos os grupos de idosos. Conclusão: Participar da construção dessa perspectiva de vida saudável, somando conhecimento como instrumento de aprendizagem e progressão também para saúde mental, especialmente de idosos, que ali participam inicialmente de atividades de aptidão física, foi relevante para a formação profissional dos acadêmicos

Displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril, relação entre via de parto e impacto no tempo de tratamento: dysplasia of hip development, relationship between way of living and impact on time of treatment

Como uma das anomalias esqueléticas mais frequentes, a displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril (DDQ) é caracterizada por uma gama considerável de patologia, desde a frouxidão menor dos ligamentos na articulação do quadril até a luxação completa. Acredita-se que a detecção precoce e o tratamento subsequente da displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril (DDQ) melhorem seu prognóstico. Os fatores de risco frequentemente relatados para DDQ são história familiar positiva de DDQ, sexo feminino e apresentação pélvica, mas não há muito conhecimento sistemático sobre os fatores de risco, tempo de tratamento para DDQ com relação a via de parto. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar na literatura as possíveis relações entre DDQ e as via de parto, bem como sua influência no tempo de tratamento desses pacientes. Trata-se de uma revisão como bases publicações, dos último cinco anos, que abordem a relação entre via de parto e o tempo de tratamento da DDQ, extraídas de bases de dados eletrônicas como Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, BVS, Embase e Medline, em língua inglesa e portuguesa. Dos estudo que se aproximaram do objetivo da pesquisa, muitos não relataram a estreita relação entre via de parto e tratamento da DDQ e aqueles que de alguma forma relataram, alegaram não haver uma relação direta entre as variáveis, pois a DDQ é multifatorial. Assim, espera-se que este estudo sirva de incentivo para que mais estudos sejam realizados sobre essa temática afim de estabelecer e conhecer se há alguma relação entre via de parto e tempo de tratamento de pacientes com DDQ

Ways to Measuring Quality of Life in Mental Health

As quality is of life considered as a measure of clinical outcome that prioritizes client assessment itself and the effects of a disease, a life change or a treatment has on their daily life and their level of satisfaction and well-being, their evaluation allows obtain a safe parameter for implementing clinical interventions that may have more positive impact on the lives of these people. It is believed that investigate the QoL of a given population is a strategy that will enable to broaden the understanding of the problems experienced by patients in order to facilitate effective future interventions, improving the quality of lived days. This information can also be used to identify patients at higher risk of problems and thus anticipate interventions, contributing to health promotion thereof. Nevertheless, there is currently a growing interest in transforming the QoL in a quantitative measure. To this end, the measurement of quality of life through the perception of the patient has been recommended. Some studies indicate that the measurement of quality of life the mental patient is an indicator of the care he receives and that this issue should be included in the assessment and care planning. There are few studies witch accessed the influence of health intervention on patients ‘quality of life, anxiety, and depressive symptom levels. With this brief contribution, we hope can deepen discussion regards public health and mental wellbeing, as well as the options of measurement instruments to assess mental health interventions and thus able to gather more arguments to answer the following question: What`s the best way for measuring quality of life in Mental health

O trabalho da enfermagem em um serviço de controle de infecção hospitalar (SCIH): relato de experiência / The work of nursing in a hospital infection control service (SCIH): experience report

As infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS) representam um grande problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Por isso, um dos campos que a enfermagem trabalha é no SCIH, realizando ações importantes para o combate de IRAS. Sendo assim, o artigo tem por objetivo relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem da Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA) em um SCIH de um hospital particular de Belém, Pará. Este estudo é descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo relato de experiência. Durante a experiência, notou-se a importância que a enfermagem possui no controle e prevenção das IRAS. De uma forma geral, percebeu-se a influência que um SCIH tem quando relacionado a qualidade do serviço do hospital, haja vista que, os profissionais seguem as normas estabelecidas, e isso influencia diretamente na segurança do paciente e do próprio trabalhador, trazendo benefícios para o paciente, colaboradores e serviços de saúde

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection