Utilisation de l'ensemble méthodologique MADS/MOSAR pour l'évaluation des systèmes de barrières de sécurité : application au secteur minier colombien

N this work, we explain the application of the MADS/MOSAR methodology in the Colombian mining sector and analyze the current legislation linked with three scenarios (explosion, post-operation collapsing and pulmonary diseases). The entire normative body of a country can be conceived as safety barriers and it plays an important role in industrial safety management. The definition, classification and performance of the normative barriers, allows the management of technological risks to perform a risk reduction in order to enhance the acceptability in the regional context. It permits to identify the flux of danger for a group of events, to define the existence of normative barriers and to generate a global panorama over the position of the different instruments that already exist allowing future management opportunities. The results of our analysis show a point of view that can be very useful for a local government or a whole national system to develop and/or evaluate his legislative instruments of risk managementDans ce travail, nous expliquons l'application de la méthodologie MADS/MOSAR sur le secteur de extraction minier colombien et nous analysons le lien existant entre la législation colombienne et trois scénarios d'accident (explosion, effondrement post-opération et les maladies pulmonaires). L'ensemble réglementaire d'un pays peut être appréhendé comme des barrières de sécurité et joue un rôle important dans la gestion de la sécurité. La définition, la classification et l'exécution des barrières réglementaires, permet à l'administrateur des risques technologiques d'effectuer une réduction du risque afin d'augmenter l'acceptabilité dans le contexte régional. Il permet d'identifier les flux de dangers pour un groupe d'événements, de définir l'existence ou l'absence de barrières réglementaires et de produire un panorama global positionnant les différents instruments existants et autorisant de futures opportunités de gestion. Les résultats de notre analyse montrent un point de vue qui peut être très utile pour qu'un gouvernement local ou un système national développe et/ou évalue son propre ensemble réglementaire pour la gestion des risque

Utilisation de l'ensemble méthodologique MADS/MOSAR pour l'évaluation des systèmes de barrières de sécurité (application au secteur minier colombien)

Dans ce travail, nous expliquons l'application de la méthodologie MADS/MOSAR sur le secteur de extraction minier colombien et nous analysons le lien existant entre la législation colombienne et trois scénarios d'accident (explosion, effondrement post-opération et les maladies pulmonaires). L'ensemble réglementaire d un pays peut être appréhendé comme des barrières de sécurité et joue un rôle important dans la gestion de la sécurité. La définition, la classification et l'exécution des barrières réglementaires, permet à l administrateur des risques technologiques d'effectuer une réduction du risque afin d'augmenter l'acceptabilité dans le contexte régional. Il permet d'identifier les flux de dangers pour un groupe d'événements, de définir l'existence ou l absence de barrières réglementaires et de produire un panorama global positionnant les différents instruments existants et autorisant de futures opportunités de gestion. Les résultats de notre analyse montrent un point de vue qui peut être très utile pour qu'un gouvernement local ou un système national développe et/ou évalue son propre ensemble réglementaire pour la gestion des risquesN this work, we explain the application of the MADS/MOSAR methodology in the Colombian mining sector and analyze the current legislation linked with three scenarios (explosion, post-operation collapsing and pulmonary diseases). The entire normative body of a country can be conceived as safety barriers and it plays an important role in industrial safety management. The definition, classification and performance of the normative barriers, allows the management of technological risks to perform a risk reduction in order to enhance the acceptability in the regional context. It permits to identify the flux of danger for a group of events, to define the existence of normative barriers and to generate a global panorama over the position of the different instruments that already exist allowing future management opportunities. The results of our analysis show a point of view that can be very useful for a local government or a whole national system to develop and/or evaluate his legislative instruments of risk managementNANCY-INPL-Bib. électronique (545479901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Stakeholder Input for a Common, Global, Comprehensive Risk Management Framework for Industrial Parks to Manage Risks from Natural Hazards

Towards the development of a comprehensive risk management framework for industrial parks to assess and manage risk from the conjoint natural hazards and technological accidents, meetings and industry visits were arranged in Colombia in order to obtain input that can help refine the proposed framework. Eight multi-stakeholder meetings were conducted with the participation of more than 80 experts. In addition, more than 20 public and private organizations were contacted as well as three industrial visits were carried out. The main aim of the visits was to obtain expert feedback on the proposed framework in addition to data collection for understanding the current state regarding Natech risk and risk management in Colombia. As a result, expert feedback was positive indicating the need for and usefulness of the proposed framework. Contributions to the framework include: validation of the need to consider risk governance and risk communication to integrate cooperation mechanisms among stakeholders and the importance of including external environmental aspects in the proposed framework

Low-Density EEG for Neural Activity Reconstruction Using Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition

Several approaches can be used to estimate neural activity. The main differences between them concern the a priori information used and its sensitivity to high noise levels. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has been recently applied to electroencephalography EEG-based neural activity reconstruction to provide a priori time-frequency information to improve the estimation of neural activity. EMD has the specific ability to identify independent oscillatory modes in non-stationary signals with multiple oscillatory components. However, attempts to use EMD in EEG analysis have not yet provided optimal reconstructions, due to the intrinsic mode-mixing problem of EMD. Several studies have used single-channel analysis, whereas others have used multiple-channel analysis for other applications. Here, we present the results of multiple-channel analysis using multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) to reduce the mode-mixing problem and provide useful a priori time-frequency information for the reconstruction of neuronal activity using several low-density EEG electrode montages. The methods were evaluated using real and synthetic EEG data, in which the reconstructions were performed using the multiple sparse priors (MSP) algorithm with EEG electrode montages of 32, 16, and 8 electrodes. The quality of the source reconstruction was assessed using the Wasserstein metric. A comparison of the solutions without pre-processing and those after applying MEMD showed the source reconstructions to be improved using MEMD as a priori information for the low-density montages of 8 and 16 electrodes. The mean source reconstruction error on a real EEG dataset was reduced by 59.42 and 66.04% for the 8 and 16 electrode montages, respectively, and that on a simulated EEG with three active sources, by 87.31 and 31.45% for the same electrode montages

Risk assessment of the ignitability and explosivity of aluminum nanopowders

International audiencePreviously, an extensive study has been carried out in order to assess the ignition sensitivity and explosivity of aluminum nanopowders. It showed notably that, as the particle size decreases, minimum ignition temperature and minimum ignition energy decrease, indicating higher potential inflammation. However, the explosion severity decreases for diameters lower than 1 μm. As a consequence, this study leads to the conclusions that the ignition sensitivity and explosion severity of aluminum nanopowders may be affected by various phenomena, as pre-ignition, agglomeration/aggregation degree and the intrinsic alumina content. The presence of wall-quenching effects and the predominance of radiation compared to conduction in the flame propagation process have to be discussed to ensure the validity of the 20 L sphere and of the results extrapolation. Based on the peculiar behaviours that had been previously highlighted, a specific risk analysis has been developed in order to assess the fire and explosion risks of such materials. It has been applied to an industrial plant of aluminum nanopowders production. The hazard identification and the consequence modelling steps, especially the quantification of the likelihood and consequences, have been designed specifically. The application of this method has led to the definition of the most adequate safety barriers

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications