replacing energy crops with bio waste for an existing anaerobic digestion plant energetic and carbon footprint in a lca perspective

Abstract The energetic and greenhouse gases emissions performances related to energy crops substitution with bio-waste for an existing anaerobic digestion (AD) facility were investigated in a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective. For this reason two different scenarios were compared In the base scenario 17,667Mg/year of energy crops were processed in an existing AD facility generating about 7,700 MWh/year whereas 23,000 Mg/year of bio-waste were processed separately in an existing composting facility for organic fertilizer production. In this case the cumulative energy demand (CED) resulted of 11,000 MWh. In the modified scenario the whole energy crops were substituted by the bio-waste in the AD facility leading to the generation of about 5,000 MWh/year of energy with a correspondent CED of 8,600 MWh. The life cycle analysis detected an higher impact for the base scenario. On the other hand the amount of kgCO 2eq generated per each kWh recovered resulted practically the same for both cases

Misure sperimentali per l'incremento della produttività del lavoro

Lo studio esamina le misure per l’incremento della produttività del lavoro introdotte dal d.l. 27 maggio 2008, n. 93, come convertito in l. 24 luglio 2008, n. 126 (art. 2), specificatamente centrate sulla tassazione agevolata di alcune componenti variabili della retribuzione. Il tutto al fine di rimarcarne molteplici profili di criticità sia per lo strumento fiscale utilizzato, sia per gli obiettivi perseguiti, sia ancora per le modalità proprie di attuazione prescelte

Merito e premialità nella riforma del lavoro pubblico

Lo studio esamina le disposizioni del Titolo III, «Merito e premi», del d.lgs. n. 150/2009, che, finalizzate a migliorare la produttività e la qualità della prestazione lavorativa, dischiudono la via a un regime premiale informato a principi di selettività e concorsualità nelle progressioni di carriera e nel riconoscimento degli incentivi, in alcun modo foriero di nuovi o maggiori oneri per la finanza pubblica. Il tutto al fine di rimarcarne i profili di criticità specie in punto di applicazione in ragione delle “ataviche” resistenze delle pubbliche amministrazioni

Ein Dialog über ,Hybridisierung‘ als Schlüsselbegriff für die Beschreibung von Theorie und Praxis epischen Dichtens bei Torquato Tasso

Das Teilprojekt 05 der FOR 2305 (Canto l’arme pietose. Hybridisierungen von ‚alt‘ und ‚neu‘ in Epos und Epostheorie des Secondo Cinquecento), möchte gängige hermeneutische Purifikationen poetischer Dynamiken, welche z.B. das Verhältnis von romanzo und poema oder von ‚Humanismus‘ und ‚Gegenreformation‘ betreffen, einer Revision unterziehen. Mit Fokus auf Torquato Tasso soll gefragt werden, ob sich in den betreffenden Zusammenhängen anstelle von Dichotomien nicht auch Hybridisierungen beobachten lassen. Die zentrale These des Teilprojekts lautet, dass ‚alte’ und ‚neue’ Diskurse bei Tasso in einem Spannungsverhältnis von Rückversicherung und Traditionsbruch nicht nur miteinander konkurrieren, sondern dass sie sich mit dem Ziel einer umfassenden Integration gegenseitig durchdringen. Dieser Ansatz ist auf der Abschlusstagung der FOR („Multitemporalitäten, Heterochronien, novantiquitates“) am 4. und 5. April 2019 mit einem auswärtigen Respondenten, Federico Di Santo, diskutiert worden. Das vorliegende Working Paper gibt den betreffenden Austausch wider; wesentliche Bereiche sind die Beziehung von romanzo, poema und epopeia sowie die Anwendbarkeit der Hybridisierungs-Kategorie, vor allem mit Blick auf Tassos Darstellung von pagani und cristiani.2. überarbeitete Versio

Ultra-thin clay layers facilitate seismic slip in carbonate faults

Many earthquakes propagate up to the Earth's surface producing surface ruptures. Seismic slip propagation is facilitated by along-fault low dynamic frictional resistance, which is controlled by a number of physico-chemical lubrication mechanisms. In particular, rotary shear experiments conducted at seismic slip rates (1 ms(-1)) show that phyllosilicates can facilitate co-seismic slip along faults during earthquakes. This evidence is crucial for hazard assessment along oceanic subduction zones, where pelagic clays participate in seismic slip propagation. Conversely, the reason why, in continental domains, co-seismic slip along faults can propagate up to the Earth's surface is still poorly understood. We document the occurrence of micrometer-thick phyllosilicate-bearing layers along a carbonate-hosted seismogenic extensional fault in the central Apennines, Italy. Using friction experiments, we demonstrate that, at seismic slip rates (1 ms(-1)), similar calcite gouges with pre-existing phyllosilicate-bearing (clay content ≤3 wt.%) micro-layers weaken faster than calcite gouges or mixed calcite-phyllosilicate gouges. We thus propose that, within calcite gouge, ultra-low clay content (≤3 wt.%) localized along micrometer-thick layers can facilitate seismic slip propagation during earthquakes in continental domains, possibly enhancing surface displacement

3D bioprinted human cortical neural constructs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells

Bioprinting techniques use bioinks made of biocompatible non-living materials and cells to build 3D constructs in a controlled manner and with micrometric resolution. 3D bioprinted structures representative of several human tissues have been recently produced using cells derived by differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Human iPSCs can be differentiated in a wide range of neurons and glia, providing an ideal tool for modeling the human nervous system. Here we report a neural construct generated by 3D bioprinting of cortical neurons and glial precursors derived from human iPSCs. We show that the extrusion-based printing process does not impair cell viability in the short and long term. Bioprinted cells can be further differentiated within the construct and properly express neuronal and astrocytic markers. Functional analysis of 3D bioprinted cells highlights an early stage of maturation and the establishment of early network activity behaviors. This work lays the basis for generating more complex and faithful 3D models of the human nervous systems by bioprinting neural cells derived from iPSCs

From Linguistic Resources to Ontology-Aware Terminologies: Minding the Representation Gap

Terminological resources have proven crucial in many applications ranging from Computer-Aided Translation tools to authoring software and multilingual and cross-lingual information retrieval systems. Nonetheless, with the exception of a few felicitous examples, such as the IATE (Interactive Terminology for Europe) Termbank, many terminological resources are not available in standard formats, such as Term Base eXchange (TBX), thus preventing their sharing and reuse. Yet, these terminologies could be improved associating the correspondent ontology-based information. The research described in the present contribution demonstrates the process and the methodologies adopted in the automatic conversion into TBX of such type of resources, together with their semantic enrichment based on the formalization of ontological information into terminologies. We present a proof-of-concept using the Italian Linguistic Resource for the Archaeological domain (developed according to Thesauri and Guidelines of the Italian Central Institute for the Catalogue and Documentation). Further, we introduce the conversion tool developed to support the process of creating ontology-aware terminologies for improving interoperability and sharing of existing language technologies and data set

Chromosomal integrity after UV irradiation requires FANCD2-mediated repair of double strand breaks

Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypersensitivity to inter-strand crosslinks (ICLs). FANCD2, a central factor of the FA pathway, is essential for the repair of double strand breaks (DSBs) generated during fork collapse at ICLs. While lesions different from ICLs can also trigger fork collapse, the contribution of FANCD2 to the resolution of replication-coupled DSBs generated independently from ICLs is unknown. Intriguingly, FANCD2 is readily activated after UV irradiation, a DNA-damaging agent that generates predominantly intra-strand crosslinks but not ICLs. Hence, UV irradiation is an ideal tool to explore the contribution of FANCD2 to the DNA damage response triggered by DNA lesions other than ICL repair. Here we show that, in contrast to ICL-causing agents, UV radiation compromises cell survival independently from FANCD2. In agreement, FANCD2 depletion does not increase the amount of DSBs generated during the replication of UV-damaged DNA and is dispensable for UV-induced checkpoint activation. Remarkably however, FANCD2 protects UV-dependent, replication-coupled DSBs from aberrant processing by non-homologous end joining, preventing the accumulation of micronuclei and chromatid aberrations including non-homologous chromatid exchanges. Hence, while dispensable for cell survival, FANCD2 selectively safeguards chromosomal stability after UV-triggered replication stress.Fil: Federico, Maria Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Vallerga, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Radl, Daniela Betiana. Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear; ArgentinaFil: Paviolo, Natalia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Bocco, Jose Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Di Giorgio, Marina. Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear; ArgentinaFil: Soria, Gastón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Gottifredi, Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentin