Importancia del manual de organización y funciones: una revisión de la literatura científica de los últimos 10 años

El manual de organización y funciones es una pieza importante en toda organización, pues es un documento en el que se establecen de manera detallada las funciones, requisitos, relaciones, dependencia y coordinación de cada puesto de trabajo; por ello su implementación debería ser fundamental para que así cada trabajador tenga en claro lo que la empresa espera de él, y todos contribuyan al logro de los objetivos planteados. El objetivo de este proyecto es determinar la importancia y los beneficios de contar con un manual de organización y funciones (MOF), partiendo del estudio de artículos, libros y tesis de los últimos 10 años. La metodología de la revisión sistemática utilizada fue PRISMA. Las fuentes de información que se utilizaron son buscadores como: Google Académico, Scielo, Dialnet, Ebsco, Redalyc, Repositorios. Donde se encontró una gran cantidad de documentos, que fueron pasando por un filtro para descartar artículos con contenido irrelevante o que no eran de importancia para el proyecto. Como “conclusión determinamos que es de vital importancia contar con un manual de organización y funciones pues ayuda a mantener a la organización sólida, permitiendo minimizar conflictos entre las áreas interrelacionadas, dividiendo equitativamente el trabajo y definiendo responsabilidades, además este manual deberá estar disponible para todos los trabajadores

Data Descriptor: An open resource for transdiagnostic research in pediatric mental health and learning disorders

Technological and methodological innovations are equipping researchers with unprecedented capabilities for detecting and characterizing pathologic processes in the developing human brain. As a result, ambitions to achieve clinically useful tools to assist in the diagnosis and management of mental health and learning disorders are gaining momentum. To this end, it is critical to accrue large-scale multimodal datasets that capture a broad range of commonly encountered clinical psychopathology. The Child Mind Institute has launched the Healthy Brain Network (HBN), an ongoing initiative focused on creating and sharing a biobank of data from 10,000 New York area participants (ages 5–21). The HBN Biobank houses data about psychiatric, behavioral, cognitive, and lifestyle phenotypes, as well as multimodal brain imaging (resting and naturalistic viewing fMRI, diffusion MRI, morphometric MRI), electroencephalography, eyetracking, voice and video recordings, genetics and actigraphy. Here, we present the rationale, design and implementation of HBN protocols. We describe the first data release (n =664) and the potential of the biobank to advance related areas (e.g., biophysical modeling, voice analysis

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Experiencing Emotion across Languages: A Pilot Study of Spanish-English Bilinguals' Responses to Emotion-Laden Vignettes

Emotion-laden words elicit varying degrees of emotionality in bilinguals, with a stronger reaction typically occurring in the first language. Less known is how emotion-laden situations presented in one language or the other may be experienced by bilinguals, or whether these situations may be experienced differently in bilinguals with varying language proficiency or informal translation (brokering) experience. This was examined in the present study. A total of 110 adult Spanish-English bilinguals classified in terms of frequency of brokering (high vs. low) and in degree of bilingualism (Spanish-dominant, English-dominant, or balanced bilinguals) rated emotions depicted in 16 vignettes (6 positive, 6 negative, and 4 neutral) presented in Spanish or English. Across languages and groups, ratings of how well the vignettes conveyed a designated emotion were significantly higher for the emotion-laden vignettes (positive or negative) than for neutral ones. Perceived valence of each vignette type showed no effect of language dominance or vignette language. However, an interaction of brokering experience and vignette language was found for positive vignettes. The interaction revealed that for bilinguals with high brokering experience positive vignettes were perceived as more positive in Spanish than in English. Furthermore, low-brokering participants rated English positive vignettes as more positive than high-brokering bilinguals. The findings suggest that frequency of brokering experience may enhance bilinguals’ sensitivity to emotional experiences in Spanish for high brokers as portrayed through the Spanish vignettes. Alternatively, low frequency of brokering is associated with greater sensitivity to emotional experiences in English. More broadly, this research points to the relevance of including language brokering as a dimension in studies of bilingualism and emotion

Manual de organización y funciones y su influencia en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores de la empresa Transportes e Inversiones Génesis S.A.C., Pataz 2020

El objetivo general de la investigación fue determinar la influencia del manual de organización y funciones en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores de la empresa Transportes e Inversiones Génesis S.A.C., Pataz, 2020. La muestra fue de tipo no probabilística conformada por los 12 colaboradores de la empresa. La metodología de la investigación es de tipo no experimental, con diseño transeccional correlacional y con enfoque cuantitativo. La encuesta consistió en 2 cuestionarios con escala tipo Likert; 18 ítems para la variable independiente con un valor de Alfa de Cronbach de 0.813 y 17 ítems para la variable dependiente con valor de Alfa de Cronbach de 0.737. Finalmente, los resultados arrojaron un Rho de Spearman = 0.743 y un valor de significancia (bilateral) de 0.000, dicho valor es menor al nivel de significancia de 0.05 (0.000<0.05), por lo que se acepta la hipótesis de los investigadores. Por lo tanto, se considera una correlación positiva muy fuerte, es decir, existe una influencia significativa entre el MOF y el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores de la empresa Transportes e Inversiones Génesis S.A.C., Pataz, 2020.The general objective of the research was to determine the influence of the organization and functions manual on the work performance of the workers of the company Transportes e Inversiones Génesis SAC, Pataz, 2020. The sample was non-probabilistic, made up of the 12 employees of the company. The research methodology is non-experimental, with a correlational transectional design and a quantitative approach. The survey consisted of 2 questionnaires with a Likert-type scale; 18 items for the independent variable with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.813 and 17 items for the dependent variable with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.737. Finally, the results yielded a Spearman Rho = 0.743 and a significance value (bilateral) of 0.000, said value is less than the significance level of 0.05 (0.000 <0.05), so the researchers' hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, a very strong positive correlation is considered, that is, there is a significant influence between the MOF and the job performance of the workers of the company Transportes e Inversiones Génesis S.A.C., Pataz, 2020

The Healthy Brain Network Biobank: An open resource for transdiagnostic research in pediatric mental health and learning disorders

Innovations in methods and technologies are equipping researchers with unprecedented capabilities for detecting and characterizing pathologic processes in the developing human brain. As a result, there is growing enthusiasm about the prospect of achieving clinically useful tools that can assist in the diagnosis and management of mental health and learning disorders. For these ambitions to be realized, it is critical to accrue large-scale multimodal datasets that capture a broad range of commonly encountered clinical psychopathology. To this end, the Child Mind Institute has launched the Healthy Brain Network (HBN), an ongoing initiative focused on creating and sharing a biobank comprised of data from 10,000 New York City area children and adolescents (ages 5-21). The HBN has adopted a community-referred recruitment model. Specifically, study advertisements seek the participation of families who have concerns about one or more psychiatric symptoms in their child. The HBN Biobank houses data about psychiatric, behavioral, cognitive, and lifestyle (e.g., fitness, diet) phenotypes, as well as multimodal brain imaging, electroencephalography, digital voice and video recordings, genetics, and actigraphy. In this paper, we present the motivation, rationale and design for the HBN along with the initial implementation and evolution of the HBN protocols. We describe the first major open data release (n = 664) containing descriptive, electroencephalography, and multimodal brain imaging data (resting state and naturalistic viewing functional MRI, diffusion MRI and morphometric MRI). Beyond accelerating transdiagnostic research, we discuss the potential of the HBN Biobank to advance related areas, such as biophysical modeling, voice and speech analysis, natural viewing fMRI and EEG, and methods optimization

An open resource for transdiagnostic research in pediatric mental health and learning disorders

AbstractTechnological and methodological innovations are equipping researchers with unprecedented capabilities for detecting and characterizing pathologic processes in the developing human brain. As a result, ambitions to achieve clinically useful tools to assist in the diagnosis and management of mental health and learning disorders are gaining momentum. To this end, it is critical to accrue large-scale multimodal datasets that capture a broad range of commonly encountered clinical psychopathology. The Child Mind Institute has launched the Healthy Brain Network (HBN), an ongoing initiative focused on creating and sharing a biobank of data from 10,000 New York area participants (ages 5–21). The HBN Biobank houses data about psychiatric, behavioral, cognitive, and lifestyle phenotypes, as well as multimodal brain imaging (resting and naturalistic viewing fMRI, diffusion MRI, morphometric MRI), electroencephalography, eye-tracking, voice and video recordings, genetics and actigraphy. Here, we present the rationale, design and implementation of HBN protocols. We describe the first data release (n=664) and the potential of the biobank to advance related areas (e.g., biophysical modeling, voice analysis).</jats:p