Irritable bowel syndrome in Iranian young adults: A survey among medical students

A cross-sectional study on medical students at the Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Iran was conducted to determine the prevalence of IBS and to assess the symptom subgroups based on the predominant bowel habit. A vaild self report questionnaries based on ROM II criteria was administered to all the medical students. Comparison between groups was assessed using the Chi-square and Fishers Exatct analytical tests. Of 708 questionnaires, 513 complete responses were received (response rate of 87.4%). Fifty (10.6%) subjects reported symptoms consistent with the diagnosis of IBS, predominantly in women. Forty (77.4%) and three (7.1%) were of the constipation-predominant and diarrhea-predominant subgroups, respectively. Six (12.2%) subjects fell into the non-specific IBS subgroup. The mean age of the IBS group was 22.6±2 years. IBS rate was higher in married students (15.2%) than singles (9.7%). There were no significant differences regarding sex, age, marital status and place of residence in the IBS and non-IBS groups. 57.1% (n = 28) of the medical students had consulted their healthcare practitioner for their symptoms. Hospitalization and endoscopic procedures were reported in 3 (6.1%) of cases. Self-medication was reported in 55.1% (n = 27) of subjects. Based on this study, the prevalence of IBS in young Iranian population are higher than previously expected that deserves greater care and further investigation

The data set development for the National Spinal Cord Injury Registry of Iran (NSCIR-IR): progress toward improving the quality of care

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this manuscript is to describe the development process of the data set for the National Spinal Cord Injury Registry of Iran (NSCIR-IR). SETTING: SCI community in Iran. METHODS: The NSCIR-IR data set was developed in 8 months, from March 2015 to October 2015. An expert panel of 14 members was formed. After a review of data sets of similar registries in developed countries, the selection and modification of the basic framework were performed over 16 meetings, based on the objectives and feasibility of the registry. RESULTS: The final version of the data set was composed of 376 data elements including sociodemographic, hospital admission, injury incidence, prehospital procedures, emergency department visit, medical history, vertebral injury, spinal cord injury details, interventions, complications, and discharge data. It also includes 163 components of the International Standards for the Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) and 65 data elements related to quality of life, pressure ulcers, pain, and spasticity. CONCLUSION: The NSCIR-IR data set was developed in order to meet the quality improvement objectives of the registry. The process was centered around choosing the data elements assessing care provided to individuals in the acute and chronic phases of SCI in hospital settings. The International Spinal Cord Injury Data Set was selected as a basic framework, helped by comparison with data from other countries. Expert panel modifications facilitated the implementation of the registry process with the current clinical workflow in hospitals

The data set development for the National Spinal Cord Injury Registry of Iran (NSCIR-IR): progress toward improving the quality of care

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this manuscript is to describe the development process of the data set for the National Spinal Cord Injury Registry of Iran (NSCIR-IR). SETTING: SCI community in Iran. METHODS: The NSCIR-IR data set was developed in 8 months, from March 2015 to October 2015. An expert panel of 14 members was formed. After a review of data sets of similar registries in developed countries, the selection and modification of the basic framework were performed over 16 meetings, based on the objectives and feasibility of the registry. RESULTS: The final version of the data set was composed of 376 data elements including sociodemographic, hospital admission, injury incidence, prehospital procedures, emergency department visit, medical history, vertebral injury, spinal cord injury details, interventions, complications, and discharge data. It also includes 163 components of the International Standards for the Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) and 65 data elements related to quality of life, pressure ulcers, pain, and spasticity. CONCLUSION: The NSCIR-IR data set was developed in order to meet the quality improvement objectives of the registry. The process was centered around choosing the data elements assessing care provided to individuals in the acute and chronic phases of SCI in hospital settings. The International Spinal Cord Injury Data Set was selected as a basic framework, helped by comparison with data from other countries. Expert panel modifications facilitated the implementation of the registry process with the current clinical workflow in hospitals

The Examination of Prerequisites and Evaluation of Facilities of Electronic Learning System

In today's speedily world, electronic learning is use to obtaining knowledge, is quickly progressing , developing and changing .This growing process forces people in charge to utilize scientific and logical methods in implementation , evaluation and management of electronic learning systems. One of the methods according to intellect and logic in electronic learning , is the examination of prerequisites and evaluation of facilities before implementation of electronic learning system. This research was accomplished the goal of examination the facility of implementation of this kind of learning , in Sistan and Baluchestan university. Statistical society is all the student of this university in the second semester of 86-87 educational year . The sample of this research was selected 332 student and the method was random sampling. The means of the research was a standard questionnaire that before was used by another scholar .To analyze the data , descriptive statistical method (average ,standard deviation and variance) and presumptive statistical method (analyzing the unilatral variance ANOVA and T- test, were used. The findings of this research showed that the students of Sistan and Baluchestan university  , have relative readiness to enter the electronic learning . moreover , analyzing data presumptively showed the drastically difference between geography students and training science college , management and accounting college students considering of electronic learning .But in other questions of research much more difference was not observed

Effects of spinal or general anesthesia on newborns' apgar score

Background : There are controversies regarding the effects of spinal and general anesthesia on newborns’ apgar score, thus the present study was conducted on newborns delivered through a cesarean section to determine the effects of each type of anesthesia on apgar score. Materials and methods : It was a clinical trial. Parturients candidated for elective cesarean section were randomly divided in two groups. 91 parturients undertook general anesthesia and 92 spinal anesthesia. General anesthesia was performed using nesdonal (5mg/kg) and succynil choline (1.5mg/kg) and the spinal anesthesia was achieved by 2 ml of lidocaine 5%. Maternal age, the time interval between the start of operation and uterine incision, uterine incision and newborn delivery, as well apgar score of the 1st and 5th minutes were recorded. Results : Totally, 84 subjects in the general anesthesia and 90 in the spinal anesthesia group were studied. There was no significant difference between maternal age, the time interval between the start of operation and uterine incision, uterine incision and newborn delivery and the apgar score of the 5th minute (NS). Apgar score of the first minute was 8.6±1.2 and 9.1±1.1 in the general and spinal anesthesia group, respectively (p<0.01). Conclusion : Spinal anesthesia has slighter effect on first minute apgar score than the general anesthesia. Further studies regarding the effects of the epidural anesthesia are strongly suggested

Endogenous Klebsiella Endophthalmitis Associated with Liver Abscess: First Case Report from Iran

Purpose: To report the first case of endogenous Klebsiella endophthalmitis associated with liver abscess in Iran. Case Report: A 79-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to severe pain and visual loss in the left eye. On physical examination, conjunctival hyperemia, corneal edema, hypopyon and severe vitreous cellular reaction were identified in the left eye; however, yellowish conjunctival discoloration was more apparent in the right eye. Abdominal CT scan showed a right liver lobe abscess that was confirmed by sonographically guided percutaneous liver mass biopsy. Blood, vitreous and liver mass aspirate cultures revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae growth. The patient was thus diagnosed with endogenous Klebsiella endophthalmitis secondary to bacteremia associated with liver abscess. Conclusion: This report suggests that, rather than being confined to Taiwan, endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to a liver abscess due to K. pneumoniae may be a global problem. Therefore, physicians should be aware of the possibility of endophthalmitis whenever a patient with K. pneumoniae liver abscess complains of ocular symptoms