1,940 research outputs found
Hands-On Universe: A Global Program for Education and Public Outreach in Astronomy
Hands-On Universe (HOU) is an educational program that enables students to
investigate the Universe while applying tools and concepts from science, math,
and technology. Using the Internet, HOU participants around the world request
observations from an automated telescope, download images from a large image
archive, and analyze them with the aid of user-friendly image processing
software. This program is developing now in many countries, including the USA,
France, Germany, Sweden, Japan, Australia, and others. A network of telescopes
has been established among these countries, many of them remotely operated, as
shown in the accompanying demo. Using this feature, students in the classroom
are able to make night observations during the day, using a telescope placed in
another country. An archive of images taken on large telescopes is also
accessible, as well as resources for teachers. Students are also dealing with
real research projects, e.g. the search for asteroids, which resulted in the
discovery of a Kuiper Belt object by high-school students. Not only Hands-On
Universe gives the general public an access to professional astronomy, but it
is also a more general tool to demonstrate the use of a complex automated
system, the techniques of data processing and automation. Last but not least,
through the use of telescopes located in many countries over the globe, a form
of powerful and genuine cooperation between teachers and children from various
countries is promoted, with a clear educational goal.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the proceedings of the ADASS X
conference, Boston, October 2000, ASP conf. pro
Higher-order spin effects in the amplitude and phase of gravitational waveforms emitted by inspiraling compact binaries: Ready-to-use gravitational waveforms
We provide ready-to-use time-domain gravitational waveforms for spinning
compact binaries with precession effects through 1.5PN order in amplitude and
compute their mode decomposition using spin-weighted -2 spherical harmonics. In
the presence of precession, the gravitational-wave modes (l,m) contain
harmonics originating from combinations of the orbital frequency and precession
frequencies. We find that the gravitational radiation from binary systems with
large mass asymmetry and large inclination angle can be distributed among
several modes. For example, during the last stages of inspiral, for some
maximally spinning configurations, the amplitude of the (2,0) and (2,1) modes
can be comparable to the amplitude of the (2,2) mode. If the mass ratio is not
too extreme, the l=3 and l=4 modes are generally one or two orders of magnitude
smaller than the l = 2 modes. Restricting ourselves to spinning, non-precessing
compact binaries, we apply the stationary-phase approximation and derive the
frequency-domain gravitational waveforms including spin-orbit and spin(1)-
spin(2) effects through 1.5PN and 2PN order respectively in amplitude, and
2.5PN order in phase. Since spin effects in the amplitude through 2PN order
affect only the first and second harmonics of the orbital phase, they do not
extend the mass reach of gravitational-wave detectors. However, they can
interfere with other harmonics and lower or raise the signal-to-noise ratio
depending on the spin orientation. These ready-to-use waveforms could be
employed in the data-analysis of the spinning, inspiraling binaries as well as
in comparison studies at the interface between analytical and numerical
relativity.Comment: 43 pages, 10 Postscript figures. submitted to Physical Review D.
Includes corrections due to errat
BUSINESS EDUCATION AND GENDER BIAS AT THE âC-LEVEL\u27
Women in business are perceived to have been successful; however, the numbers of women in âC-levelâ positions (e.g., CEO, CFO, CIO, etc.) provide evidence to the contrary. This paper examines obstacles to women rising to âC-levelâ positions and how business education contributes to, but may ultimately help resolve these problems by identifying ways to increase the effectiveness of business education and educators regarding gender bias. Barriers that prevent women from advancement and contributing factors in business education are identified. Recommendations for strategies in business education to reduce, manage, and create awareness of gender bias in the classroom are presented. For educators in business schools, these findings suggest the importance of acknowledging that gender bias still exists and revising business curricula to address this problem, thus better preparing business graduates of both genders to identify and develop strategies for reducing gender bias in the workplace
Higher-order spin effects in the dynamics of compact binaries II. Radiation field
Motivated by the search for gravitational waves emitted by binary black
holes, we investigate the gravitational radiation field of point particles with
spins within the framework of the multipolar-post-Newtonian wave generation
formalism. We compute: (i) the spin-orbit (SO) coupling effects in the binary's
mass and current quadrupole moments one post-Newtonian (1PN) order beyond the
dominant effect, (ii) the SO contributions in the gravitational-wave energy
flux and (iii) the secular evolution of the binary's orbital phase up to 2.5PN
order. Crucial ingredients for obtaining the 2.5PN contribution in the orbital
phase are the binary's energy and the spin precession equations, derived in
paper I of this series. These results provide more accurate gravitational-wave
templates to be used in the data analysis of rapidly rotating Kerr-type
black-hole binaries with the ground-based detectors LIGO, Virgo, GEO 600 and
TAMA300, and the space-based detector LISA.Comment: includes the correction of an erratum to be published in Phys. Rev.
Research Mentoring and Scientist Identity: Insights from Undergraduates and their Mentors
Background Mentored research apprenticeships are a common feature of academic outreach programs that aim to promote diversity in science fields. The current study tests for links between three forms of mentoring (instrumental, socioemotional, and negative) and the degree to which undergraduates psychologically identify with science. Participants were 66 undergraduate-mentor dyads who worked together in a research apprenticeship. The undergraduate sample was predominantly composed of women, first-generation college students, and members of ethnic groups that are historically underrepresented in science. Results Findings illustrated that undergraduates who reported receiving more instrumental and socioemotional mentoring were higher in scientist identity. Further, mentors who reported engaging in higher levels of negative mentoring had undergraduates with lower scientist identity. Qualitative data from undergraduatesâ mentors provided deeper insight into their motivation to become mentors and how they reason about conflict in their mentoring relationships. Conclusions Discussion highlights theoretical implications and details several methodological recommendations
Hadamard Regularization
Motivated by the problem of the dynamics of point-particles in high
post-Newtonian (e.g. 3PN) approximations of general relativity, we consider a
certain class of functions which are smooth except at some isolated points
around which they admit a power-like singular expansion. We review the concepts
of (i) Hadamard ``partie finie'' of such functions at the location of singular
points, (ii) the partie finie of their divergent integral. We present and
investigate different expressions, useful in applications, for the latter
partie finie. To each singular function, we associate a partie-finie (Pf)
pseudo-function. The multiplication of pseudo-functions is defined by the
ordinary (pointwise) product. We construct a delta-pseudo-function on the class
of singular functions, which reduces to the usual notion of Dirac distribution
when applied on smooth functions with compact support. We introduce and analyse
a new derivative operator acting on pseudo-functions, and generalizing, in this
context, the Schwartz distributional derivative. This operator is uniquely
defined up to an arbitrary numerical constant. Time derivatives and partial
derivatives with respect to the singular points are also investigated. In the
course of the paper, all the formulas needed in the application to the physical
problem are derived.Comment: 50 pages, to appear in Journal of Mathematical Physic
Recommended from our members
Keys to academic success for under-represented minority young investigators: recommendations from the Research in Academic Pediatrics Initiative on Diversity (RAPID) National Advisory Committee.
BackgroundAlthough Latinos, African-Americans, and American Indians/Alaska Natives comprise 34% of Americans, these under-represented minorities (URMs) account for only 7% of US medical-school faculty. Even when URMs become faculty, they face many substantial challenges to success. Little has been published, however, on keys to academic success for URM young faculty investigators.MethodsThe Research in Academic Pediatrics Initiative on Diversity (RAPID) goal is to enhance the professional advancement of URM junior faculty pursuing research careers in general academic pediatrics. One important RAPID component is the annual mentoring/career-development conference, which targets URM residents, fellows, and junior faculty, and has included 62 URM participants since its 2013 inception. A conference highlight is the panel discussion on keys to academic success for URM young investigators, conducted by the RAPID National Advisory Committee, a diverse group of leading senior researchers. The article aim was to provide a guide to academic success for URM young investigators using the 2018 RAPID Conference panel discussion. A modified Delphi technique was used to provide a systematic approach to obtaining answers to six key questions using an expert panel: the single most important key to success for URM young investigators; ensuring optimal mentorship; how to respond when patients/families say, "I don't want you to see my child because you are ____"; best strategies for maximizing funding success; how to balance serving on time-consuming committees with enough time to advance research/career objectives; and the single thing you wish someone had told you which would have substantially enhanced your success early on.Results/conclusionsThis is the first published practical guide on keys to academic success for URM young investigators. Identified keys to success included having multiple mentors, writing prolifically, being tenaciously persistent, having mentors who are invested in you, dealing with families who do not want you to care for their child because of your race/ethnicity by seeking to understand the reasons and debriefing with colleagues, seeking non-traditional funding streams, balancing committee work with having enough time to advance one's research and career by using these opportunities to generate scholarly products, and asking for all needed resources when negotiating for new jobs
Higher-order spin effects in the dynamics of compact binaries I. Equations of motion
We derive the equations of motion of spinning compact binaries including the
spin-orbit (SO) coupling terms one post-Newtonian (PN) order beyond the
leading-order effect. For black holes maximally spinning this corresponds to
2.5PN order. Our result for the equations of motion essentially confirms the
previous result by Tagoshi, Ohashi and Owen. We also compute the spin-orbit
effects up to 2.5PN order in the conserved (Noetherian) integrals of motion,
namely the energy, the total angular momentum, the linear momentum and the
center-of-mass integral. We obtain the spin precession equations at 1PN order
beyond the leading term, as well. Those results will be used in a future paper
to derive the time evolution of the binary orbital phase, providing more
accurate templates for LIGO-Virgo-LISA type interferometric detectors.Comment: transcription error in Eqs. (2.17) correcte
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