COVID-19: como se proteger e conter a propagação no trabalho?

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 is a major health challenge and has required the work process to be considered in the design and implementation of strategies to cope with it. The reduction of risks inherent to work, through hygiene and biosafety protocols is a constitutional right. In this sense, this booklet aims to disseminate guidelines related to biosafety practices in the field of occupational health with the adequacy of the environment and conducts for the gradual resumption of face-to-face activities in a pandemic period. This material is the result of an extension project entitled "Good Biosafety Practices and Occupational Health in Education with the advent of COVID-19: how to protect and contain the spread?", Which has contributed to the dissemination of information aimed at the reduction of damage to workers' health and psychosocial impacts. Considering Collective Health as a multi and transdisciplinary area, it has contributed to the education sector through health education strategies, aiming at adapting the conduct at work involving the different segments of workers.A pandemia causada pela COVID-19 é um grande desafio para a saúde e tem exigido que o processo de trabalho seja considerado na elaboração e implantação de estratégias para o seu enfrentamento. A redução dos riscos inerentes ao trabalho, por meio de protocolos de higiene e biossegurança é um direito constitucional. Nesse sentido, esta cartilha tem como objetivo divulgar orientações relacionadas às práticas de biossegurança no campo da saúde do trabalhador com a adequação do ambiente e de condutas para a retomada gradual das atividades presenciais em período de pandemia. Este material é resultado de um projeto de extensão intitulado "Boas Práticas de Biossegurança e a Saúde do Trabalhador na Educação com o advento da COVID-19: como se proteger e conter a propagação?", que tem contribuído para a disseminação de informações que visem à diminuição de danos à saúde do trabalhador e de impactos psicossociais. Considerando a Saúde Coletiva como uma área multi e transdisciplinar, ela tem contribuído para o setor da educação por meio de estratégias de educação em saúde, visando adequações das condutas no trabalho envolvendo os diferentes segmentos de trabalhadores

SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity are associated with genetic variants affecting gene expression in a variety of tissues

Variability in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity between individuals is partly due to genetic factors. Here, we identify 4 genomic loci with suggestive associations for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and 19 for COVID-19 disease severity. Four of these 23 loci likely have an ethnicity-specific component. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals in 11 loci colocalize with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) associated with the expression of 20 genes in 62 tissues/cell types (range: 1:43 tissues/gene), including lung, brain, heart, muscle, and skin as well as the digestive system and immune system. We perform genetic fine mapping to compute 99% credible SNP sets, which identify 10 GWAS loci that have eight or fewer SNPs in the credible set, including three loci with one single likely causal SNP. Our study suggests that the diverse symptoms and disease severity of COVID-19 observed between individuals is associated with variants across the genome, affecting gene expression levels in a wide variety of tissue types

A first update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

peer reviewe

Organizational network in trauma management in Italy

In Italy, as in other western countries, trauma is a leading cause of death during the first four decades of life, with almost 18.000 of deaths per year. Since 80s organized systems for trauma care, including a pre-hospital emergency medical system and a network of hospitals designated as Trauma Centres, have been developed in north American countries. Effectiveness of trauma systems has been investigated comparing the post-system to the pre-system trauma care with the method of panel evaluation of preventable death rates and comparison of observed survival with expected probability of survival. In Italy, a pre-hospital emergency medical system has been implemented on a national scale, while a trauma network has not been developed. Nowadays, trauma patients are often admitted to the closest hospital, independently from local resources. The Superior Council of Ministry of Health has presented in 2004 a new trauma system model (SIAT) based on the recognition in the field of patients with more serious injuries and the transportation to general hospitals with resources and multidisciplinary teams specialized in trauma care (trauma team). The designation of few trauma team hospitals, one highly specialized Centre (CTS) and two area Centres (CTZ) every two millions of inhabitants allows each Centre to treat at least 250 severe trauma patients per year to increase experience. Less severe injured patients may be treated in non-trauma team acute care facilities, according to the inclusive system model. The development of trauma team services in some Italian hospitals has demonstrated an increase in survival and a decrease in preventable death rate from 42% to 7,6%. Economic studies of Ministry of Health have established that the implementation of a trauma system model on a national scale with a 25% decrease of preventable trauma deaths and disabilities would save 7500 million of euros of public money. Therefore, in our country the concentration of severely injured patients in few well-equipped and specialized hospitals may be associated to better outcomes and decrease of social-costs

The Microenvironment’s Role in Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome: From Progression to Therapeutic Implications

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary Syndrome (SS) are the most common cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. It has been hypothesized that the interaction between the immune system, cutaneous cells, and neoplastic elements may play a role in MF/SS pathogenesis and progression. Methods: This paper aims to revise in a narrative way our current knowledge of the microenvironment’s role in MF/SS. Results and Conclusions: Literature data support a possible implication of microenvironment cells in MF/SS pathogenesis and progression, opening up new therapeutic avenues

La valutazione degli indicatori di processo e outcome per confermare la validità della proposta operativa

Unlike other chronic diseases, little attention in scientific literature on obesity has been dedicated to the issue of outcome and, above all, process indicators. This is undoubtedly due to the fact that it was only in relatively recent times that besity was categorized as a chronic disease, which is associated with an increase in the morbidity and mortality in the general population, and one of the main causes of disability and spending on healthcare. On the other hand, the relatively poor efficacy of the treatments available compared to that achieved for other chronic illnesses and the relatively recent advent of more effective therapies, such as bariatric or weight loss surgery and multidisciplinary rehabilitation, make the field of obesity therapy one that is still largely experimental and lacking in well-defined guidelines. When dealing with this topic, the issue of process and outcome indicators has been considered according to the different levels within the healthcare setting in which the management of the obese patient takes place