New Non-deterministic Approaches for Register Allocation

In this paper two algorithms for register allocation are presented. The first algorithm is a simulated annealing algorithm. The core of the algorithm is the Metropolis procedure. The algorithm presented in the paper has a linear time asymptotic complexity. The second algorithm is a genetic algorithm. The algorithm has a linear time complexity

Analysis of Factors Affecting Demand for Cattle Meat in the City of Padang Sidempuan

The amount of beef consumption has fluctuated from year to year. The large amount of public consumption of beef is a reflection of the condition of public demand for beef, which is estimated to have a number of causes. The purpose of this study was to identify factors of beef price (X1), family income (X2), number of dependents (X3), price of chicken (X4), price of fish (X5), price of tofu / tempeh (X6) of meat demand in the city of Padang Sidempuan. The method of analysis is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 22.0. The sampling technique had 150 respondents. The results showed that the estimation results obtained a determination value (R2) of 0.666. Simultaneously, all independent variables had significant effect (P <0.05) on the amount of beef demand. Partially, family income, number of dependents, and the price of chicken have an effect on beef demand. Meanwhile, the variables of beef prices, fish prices and tofu / tempeh prices do not affect the demand for beef in the city of Padang Sidempuan. The conclusions of this study indicate that the variable family income is the variable that has the most influence on the demand for beef and is followed by the variablenumber of dependents and the price of chicken meat

Matroidal and Lattices Structures of Rough Sets and Some of Their Topological Characterizations

Matroids, rough set theory and lattices are efficient tools of knowledge discovery. Lattices and matroids are studied on preapproximations spaces. Li et al. proved that a lattice is Boolean if it is clopen set lattice for matroids. In our study, a lattice is Boolean if it is closed for matroids. Moreover, a topological lattice is discussed using its matroidal structure. Atoms in a complete atomic Boolean lattice are completely determined through its topological structure. Finally, a necessary and sufficient condition for a predefinable set is proved in preapproximation spaces. The value k for a predefinable set in lattice of matroidal closed sets is determined

The importance of accounting for parameter uncertainty in SF-6D value sets and its impact on studies that use the SF-6D to measure health utility

Background: The parameter uncertainty in the six-dimensional health state short form (SF-6D) value sets is commonly ignored. There are two sources of parameter uncertainty: uncertainty around the estimated regression coefficients and uncertainty around the model’s specification. This study explores these two sources of parameter uncertainty in the value sets using probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) and a Bayesian approach. Methods: We used data from the original UK/SF-6D valuation study to evaluate the extent of parameter uncertainty in the value set. First, we re-estimated the Brazier model to replicate the published estimated coefficients. Second, we estimated standard errors around the predicted utility of each SF-6D state to assess the impact of parameter uncertainty on these estimated utilities. Third, we used Monte Carlo simulation technique to account for the uncertainty on these estimates. Finally, we used a Bayesian approach to quantifying parameter uncertainty in the value sets. The extent of parameter uncertainty in SF-6D value sets was assessed using data from the Hong Kong valuation study. Results: Including parameter uncertainty results in wider confidence/credible intervals and improved coverage probability using both approaches. Using PSA, the mean 95% confidence intervals widths for the mean utilities were 0.1394 (range: 0.0565–0.2239) and 0.0989 (0.0048–0.1252) with and without parameter uncertainty whilst, using the Bayesian approach, this was 0.1478 (0.053–0.1665). Upon evaluating the impact of parameter uncertainty on estimates of a population’s mean utility, the true standard error was underestimated by 79.1% (PSA) and 86.15% (Bayesian) when parameter uncertainty was ignored. Conclusions: Parameter uncertainty around the SF-6D value set has a large impact on the predicted utilities and estimated confidence intervals. This uncertainty should be accounted for when using SF-6D utilities in economic evaluations. Ignoring this additional information could impact misleadingly on policy decisions

Nonuniformity in Lattice Contraction of Bismuth Nanoclusters Heated Near Its Melting Point

The structural properties of bismuth nanoclusters were investigated with transmission high-energy electron diffraction from room temperature up to 525 ± 6 K. The Bi nanoclusters were fabricated by thermal evaporation at room temperature on transmission electron microscope grids coated with an ultrathin carbon film, followed by thermal and femtosecond laser annealing. The annealed sample had an average cluster size of ∼14 nm along the minor axis and ∼16 nm along the major axis. The Debye temperature of the annealed nanoclusters was found to be 53 ± 6 K along the [012] direction and 86 ± 9 K along the [110] direction. At T = 464 ± 6 K, the diffraction intensity started to deviate from Debye-Waller behavior due to increased lattice anharmonicity. The onset of the melting of the Bi nanoclusters was T ∼ 500 ± 6 K, as measured by the reduction of the nanocluster size through the formation of a liquid shell detected by the width of the diffraction rings. The thermal expansion coefficient of the Bi (012) and (110) planes is positive up to ∼ 499 11 K. However, the expansion coefficient of the Bi (012) planes showed a transition from a positive to a negative value that occurs over the temperature range Tc ∼ 499 ± 11 K to 511 ± 8 K. For the Bi (110) planes, the thermal expansion coefficient is positive up to their melting point, which is 525 ± 6 K. © 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3565028

Matroidal and Lattices Structures of Rough Sets and Some of Their Topological Characterizations

Matroids, rough set theory and lattices are efficient tools of knowledge discovery. Lattices and matroids are studied on preapproximations spaces. Li et al. proved that a lattice is Boolean if it is clopen set lattice for matroids. In our study, a lattice is Boolean if it is closed for matroids. Moreover, a topological lattice is discussed using its matroidal structure. Atoms in a complete atomic Boolean lattice are completely determined through its topological structure. Finally, a necessary and sufficient condition for a predefinable set is proved in preapproximation spaces. The value k for a predefinable set in lattice of matroidal closed sets is determined

Electron refraction at lateral atomic interfaces

We present theoretical simulations of electron refraction at the lateral atomic interface between a “homogeneous” Cu(111) surface and the “nanostructured” one-monolayer (ML) Ag/Cu(111) dislocation lattice. Calculations are performed for electron binding energies barely below the 1 ML Ag/ Cu(111) M-point gap (binding energy EB ¼53 meV, below the Fermi level) and slightly above its C -point energy (EB ¼160 meV), both characterized by isotropic/circular constant energy surfaces. Using plane-wave-expansion and boundary-element methods, we show that electron refraction occurs at the interface, the Snell law is obeyed, and a total internal reflection occurs beyond the critical angle. Additionally, a weak negative refraction is observed for EB ¼53 meV electron energy at beam incidence higher than the critical angle. Such an interesting observation stems from the interface phase-matching and momentum conservation with the umklapp bands at the second Brillouin zone of the dislocation lattice. The present analysis is not restricted to our Cu-Ag/Cu model system but can be readily extended to technologically relevant interfaces with spinpolarized, highly featured, and anisotropic constant energy contours, such as those characteristic for Rashba systems and topological insulators. Published by AIP Publishing.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version