Before Exit: Three Essays on Business Exit in Politically and Economically Adverse Environments

This dissertation re-conceptualizes the exit phenomenon in management research by focusing on what precedes exit in times of political and economic turbulence, when firms and entrepreneurs are forced to contemplate unwanted exit as they face multiple threats in their home country. The three essays of this thesis collectively highlight the inadequacy of theories that conceptualize exit as a sudden and complete cessation of activity by showing that exit is an adaptive process that unfolds over time, and across parts of given entities. The first essay contributes to the literature on entrepreneurial exit by exploring how entrepreneurs proactively respond to political and economic turmoil at home that threatens the continuation of their ventures. Relying on the accounts of 27 entrepreneurs, the study inductively reveals two adaptation mechanisms—temporal and partial—that revise the entrepreneur-venture relationship in the aftermath of traumatic events. The second essay adopts a longitudinal and comparative case analysis of 12 firms to explore how adversity at home influences firms’ internationalization paths. The study shows how firms sequentially replace resources, values, and opportunities no longer available in their home market with alternatives that they seek and find in foreign contexts. The essay contributes to the literatures on institutional arbitrage and relocation by revealing how firms identify complementary institutional contexts in international markets, and progressively transition to greener pastures. The third essay is a systematic review of the exit literatures in strategy, international business, and entrepreneurship. The review develops a framework to organize 90 articles that have been systematically coded, and outlines relevant decisions, actions, and processes that may precede exit. The analysis highlights the partiality and temporality of exit as focal dimensions for future research and theorizing on exit in various management disciplines

Judicial independence focused on high courts in Latin America

ABSTRACT Judicial Independence Focused on High Courts in Latin America Adila Fathallah This report encompasses the meanings of judicial independence, and all the aspects in which define and have been used to measure it historically, focusing on Latin American countries to present a clear image of the difficulties and attempts that go into judicial independence achievement. The rule of law depends on independence for judges and the judiciary, in relation to being able to uphold the law of the land without outside pressures, fear or favour to any other branch of government or other entities, and the general public. Legal safeguards are defined and shown example in Latin American countries over the course of many years, to clarify and illustrate how these safeguards have been enacted, how they have failed, and how they have been altered to better enhance the judicial independence in a country. Tenure and appointment processes, as well as salary and other governmental powers, are focused, as these standards are some of the building blocks of judicial independence, and the corruption in Latin American countries is define to show how these aspects have changed over the course of history to implement decisions or better fit an overtaking regime. It is found that judicial independence cannot be measured nor given numerical assignment, but that it is a spectrum, and without complete buy-in from all weights in the judiciary, true independence cannot be achieved

Reading real person fiction as digital fiction:An argument for new perspectives

‘Real person fiction’ (RPF) is a subset of fanfiction that has gone largely unnoticed by academics. A handful of articles have argued for the justification of stories about real (living) people as a legitimate and morally sound art form, but only a very few studies have begun to consider RPF as a genre with its own aesthetics and conventions. This article argues that, to understand fannish RPF, we need to incorporate tools developed by scholars of digital fiction. Almost all fanfic is now produced for and on digital platforms, and moreover, the natural fit between RPF specifically and the study of metalepsis, or self-conscious movement between ‘levels’ of reality and fiction, makes this tool and others imported from the study of digital fiction an illuminating set of lenses through which read it. Along the way, I will incorporate further narrative theory to suggest that we understand appeals to the putative subject of RPF as directed to a ‘fictionalized addressee’, that is, an addressee who is neither purely fictional nor purely nonfictional, but a construct of mediated activity that demonstrates fandom’s participation in the construction of the subcultural celebrity

Transparency and reciprocity: Respecting fannish spaces in scholarly research

Most of us approaching fandom academically consider ourselves fans, and as such, may become accustomed to traversing back and forth across fannish and academic spaces with a degree of ease. Moreover, as fan studies gains in prominence, these spaces are beginning to converge in productive ways: not only have fans been producing meta longer than fan studies has been a subject, but The Archive of Our Own and Fanlore are maintained by fannish academics and academically minded fans. The Journal of Transformative Works and Cultures’ Symposia section welcomes essays from fans writing outside the academy, some of whom choose to employ their fannish pseudonym (see e.g. zvi LikesTv 2009, Versaphile 2011). Nonetheless, I want to argue that as academics situated within institutions, we have a responsibility of transparency and to the fans whose works we quote and whose subcultures we are sometimes guests in. This perspective has developed over the duration of my PhD research (Fathallah 2013), and its adaptation into a monograph on fanfic (Fathallah forthcoming)

Fandom at the crossroads and Fangasm!, by Lynn S. Zubernis and Katherine Lars

Review of: Lynn S. Zubernis and Katherine Larsen. Fandom at the crossroads: Celebration, shame and fan/producer relationships. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012, hardcover, $67.99 (250p) ISBN 978-1443835305; paperback,$24.99 (259p) ISBN 978-1443841405. Lynn S. Zubernis and Katherine Larsen. Fangasm! Supernatural fangirls. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2013, paperback $14.67 (246p) ISBN 978-1609381981; e-book$17.48 (6732 KB) ASIN B00F5S6IIK

Next generation positioning in 5G

This thesis is a study of the 5G technologies evaluating a specific case of 5G positioning and mapping. Hence, the main purpose of this project is to improve and study a previous work where a 5G positioning and mapping is already done. The purpose of this project is to evaluate and study different techniques of channel modeling in order to achieve a high accuracy detection position in angle and time domain using high frequency antenna arrays. Concretely, study the cases of LOS/NLOS paths in order to improve the estimation accuracy.Esta tesis es un estudio de las tecnologías 5G evaluando un caso específico de posicionamiento y mapeo 5G. De ahí que el objetivo principal de este proyecto sea mejorar y estudiar un trabajo previo donde ya se realiza un posicionamiento y mapeo 5G. El propósito de este proyecto es evaluar y estudiar diferentes técnicas de modelado de canales con el fin de lograr una posición de detección de alta precisión en el dominio del ángulo y el tiempo utilizando arreglos de antenas de alta frecuencia. Concretamente, estudiar los casos de trayectos LOS / NLOS para mejorar la precisión de la estimación.Aquesta tesi és un estudi de les tecnologies 5G que avaluen un cas específic de posicionament i mapatge 5G. Per tant, l'objectiu principal d'aquest projecte és millorar i estudiar un treball previ on ja es realitza un posicionament i mapatge 5G. L'objectiu d'aquest projecte és avaluar i estudiar diferents tècniques de modelatge de canals per tal d'aconseguir una posició de detecció d'alta precisió en el domini de l'angle i del temps mitjançant matrius d'antenes d'alta freqüència. Concretament, estudiar els casos de camins LOS / NLOS per millorar la precisió de l'estimació

Water Disputes in the Middle East: An International Law Analysis of the Israel-Jordan Peace Accord

This Article discusses the role of the Jordan River basin in the peace accord (Treaty) between the state of Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. After reviewing past water disputes involving the Jordan River, the water allocation and management sections of the Treaty are compared with the Treaty\u27s predecessor, the Main Plan. Even though it was never ratified, both Israel and Jordan tacitly conducted their respective water polices in accordance with the Main Plan. This discussion is followed by a comparison of the Treaty with the substantive and procedural requirements of the International Law Commission Draft Articles and other international water law theories: equitable utilization, no significant harm, and procedural duties. Based on this analysis, the author predicts that the Treaty will influence future water disputes in the area

A model for examining the relation between news media literacy skills, heuristic-systematic news processing and political knowledge levels

The study aimed to test the relation between the levels of news media literacy skills, types of news processing levels, and the levels of political knowledge. Also, the study investigated the relation between news media reliance, media gratification sought and elaborative processing, and levels of political knowledge. A survey method was used among undergraduate and graduate students at the American University in Cairo. Furthermore, this research developed a scale for measuring news media literacy skills among university students. The scales\u27 items tested on a sub sample then statistically examined through factor analysis for refining the final items of the final survey. Moreover, this research contributed to the field through proposing a new scale for assessing news media literacy skills (SNMLS) that has been derived from previous scales, with adaptation to Egyptian context and the proposed conceptual framework. The scale achieved high internal reliability

Rigorous Analysis of the Propagation in Metallic Circular Waveguide with Discontinuities Filled with Anisotropic Metamaterial

In this chapter, we present an extension of the rigorous analysis of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in magnetic transverse (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes in a metallic circular waveguide partially filled with anisotropic metamaterial. In our analysis, the design of waveguide filters with uniaxial discontinuities is based on the determination of the higher-order modes, which have been analyzed and exploited. Below the cutoff frequency, the back backward waves can propagate in an anisotropic material. The numerical results with our MATLAB code for TM and TE modes were compared to theoretical predictions. Good agreements have been obtained. We analyzed a waveguide filters filled with partially anisotropic metamaterial using the mode matching (MM) technique based on the Scattering Matrix Approach (SMA), which, from the decomposition of the modal fields (TE and TM modes), are used to determine the dispersion matrix and thus the characterization of a discontinuity in waveguide. We extended the application of MM technique to the anisotropic material. By using modal analysis, our approach has considerably reduced the computation time compared to High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software