Emerging Role of Social Media in Political Activism: Perceptions and Practices

Social media is a tool that allows people to create and share different ideas, information and pictures/videos. It is an online way of communication to develop interaction and collaboration among people. Thus, social media might be changing the attitude and behavior of youth. It also spreads awareness among people by creating different online pages and accounts for sharing their agendas and information via these mediums. Role of social media in building the public perception is being analyzed. The study also examines the role of Facebook and Twitter in influencing political activism. It also intends to assess the level of empowerment due to awareness through social media. Survey method was used as a strategy to collect primary data. This study will enable us to understand the emerging role of social media in political activism and significant role of the online social media in political change.&nbsp

Simultaneous subtotal gastrectomy and right colectomy for synchronous gastric and colon cancer: A case report.

Synchronous gastric and colon cancer although reported from East Asia (China, Japan, Korea) remain rare in other parts of the world. We present the case of a 50-year-old lady who presented to the Hialeah Hospital, USA with an eight-month history of generalized abdominal pain and upon investigation was found to have dual gastric and colonic malignancy. While the incidence of gastric cancer has dropped drastically in the USA, colon cancer remains the third most frequent cancer in both men and women. An estimated 2%-17% of oncological patients may be affected by multiple primary malignancies and a high degree of clinical suspicion along with appropriate diagnostic procedures is required for a definitive diagnosis

Transitionary Aspects and Population Dynamics in Rural Punjab: Demographic and Social Dimensions

This paper discusses the socio-demographics of a village in Punjab named „Mohla‟. Sociodemographic variables include description of age distribution, sex composition, family structure, castes and marital statuses of the people. Description of respondents‟ attributes such as educational and occupational statuses are also inclusive of this study. The researchers used quantitative approach and data collection was done through probability survey to ensure objectivity and reliability of the results. Household Enumeration Forms were used to collect the information regarding age, sex, households and castes. On the other hand, interview schedule was developed to gather information from the respondents. Decade-wise sources of water supply and domestic material possessions are also analyzed. These time series data are indicative of the development that has taken place over the fifty years, this is expected to have influence on the socio- structural changes in the rural community

Incidence and Attributing Factors of Impaired Blood Glucose in Non-Diabetic Patients on Steroid Therapy

Objective: To determine the incidence and attributing factors of impaired blood glucose in non-diabetic patients on steroid therapy. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore during 6 months from April 2019 to September 2019. Patients of both genders with age of 18-70 years and receiving steroid therapy (at least 1 pulse) were included. After taking ethical approval, 371 patients were counseled and explained the details of the study. A bolus of 1 gram Methylprednisolone was given and blood was drawn after 2 hours and blood glucose levels were measured. All the labs were acquired from same lab (Hospital lab) and glucometer to eliminate bias and confounding variables were controlled by exclusion. Data was collected via study proforma. Results: The average age of the patients was 43.75 ± 14.33 years with a range of 18 to 70 years. There were 42% males and 57%.1 females with a male to female ratio of 1:1.3. Average BMI of patients 27.34±3.72kg/m2. Impaired blood glucose was observed in 55% of patients after steroid pulse therapy. Frequency of impaired blood glucose after steroid pulse therapy was statistically insignificant according to age and BMI (p->0.05). Positive family history was significantly higher in a patient with impaired blood glucose after pulse therapy (p-0.001). Conclusion: Impaired blood glucose level was observed to be highly prevalent among non-diabetic patients receiving steroid pulse therapy. Female gender and positive family history of diabetes observed as attributing factors

Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk due to Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Variants in Pakistani Population: A Pakistani Database Report

Introduction. Pakistani population has a very rich anthrogeneological background with waves of migration from neighboring regions. Incidence rates of breast and ovarian cancer in Pakistan are on such a rapid rise that it is necessary to check the contributory factors, genetic and nongenetic. An insight into the prevalence data emphasizes the formulation of a BRCA1 and BRCA2 database for the Pakistani population. Method. In this study conducted by authors, data from diagnosed cases of both sporadic and inherited female breast and ovarian cancer cases was gathered after performing molecular genetic analysis by screening for alterations in the coding sequence of the BRCA gene. The region of interest was analyzed by the aid of various molecular biology tools such as automated DNA sequencer. Bioinformatics software was used to interpret the results, and database was prepared. Results. Mutational screening of the exons in all the samples of our study group did not reveal any pathogenic mutation. These results along with the results of the previous Pakistani studies for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were summed up to prepare a Pakistani database. Percentage involvement of these genes was estimated. Nine percent of these cancers show alterations in BRCA1 gene while 3 percent have shown BRCA2 variants. The remaining 88 percent of breast and ovarian cancers can be attributed to the involvement of other genes

Inpatient satisfaction at different public sector hospitals of a metropolitan city in Pakistan: A comparative cross-sectional study

Objective: To observe inpatient satisfaction at different public sector hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during 2010-2012 in four major public sector hospitals of Karachi. A total of 710 patients completed the study. Responses were gathered in a self-structured questionnaire that comprised of four dimensions of satisfaction with doctor, staff, administration and treatment. Average Score of each dimension was taken and compared using one way analysis of variance.Result: Satisfaction with doctors, staff and administration of provincial and federal hospitals were comparatively similar (P \u3e 0.05). However, satisfaction with treatment significantly differed in all four hospitals (P \u3c 0.0001). Highest satisfaction with treatment was observed among inpatients of hospital running by medical institute (P \u3c 0.0001). Comparison with respect to different departments revealed significant difference for treatment satisfaction of medicine and surgery units. Patients who were admitted from emergency mode acquired lowest satisfaction in all aspects.Conclusion: Response of inpatients from public sector hospitals showed satisfaction with healthcare personnel and related administration. However, treatment dimension needs to be improved to get more satisfaction

A Comprehensive Review of Acute Coronary Syndrome

A significant sign of coronary artery disease is the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Angina pectoris, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are just a few of the conditions that are grouped together under the general term “ACS.” The main cause of death worldwide is cardiovascular disease, which puts ACS under a heavy financial strain. Reduced blood flow to the heart, primarily as a result of plaque rupture and thrombus development, is a pathogenesis of ACS. Numerous risk factors, both modifiable (such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and inactivity) and non-modifiable (like age, gender, and inheritance), can lead to the development of ACS. Electrocardiography (ECG), clinical evaluation, history-taking, and cardiac biomarkers are all used in the diagnosis process. For the best management, prompt diagnosis and risk classification are essential. Reperfusion therapy, anti-anginal therapy, and renin-angiotensin blocking are a few of the suggested procedures in treatment techniques that aim to minimise myocardial ischemia and restore coronary blood flow. Long-term management also strongly depends on modifying one’s lifestyle, including giving up smoking, eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and obtaining rehabilitation. Acute cardiac failure, ventricular septum or papillary muscle rupture, arrhythmias, recurrent angina, and other consequences of ACS are also highlighted in the paper. The prognosis varies depending on variables, including persistent myocardial injury and the existence of ventricular arrhythmias; an unfavourable prognosis is frequently related to arrhythmias and is associated with poor left ventricular function. . This article offers a thorough review of ACS and gives readers important information about its pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis

Performance Analysis of Hardware Protection & System Security in Different Operating Systems

The intention of article is to protect the hardware, which includes protecting CPU, I/O, and memory. This article portrays and relates the security in different operating systems. Therefore, helping us to choose the best. We can evaluate the security in different operating systems like Windows, UNIX, Linux to secure over all data to access unauthorized users

Adverse drug reaction monitoring and reporting among physicians and pharmacists in Pakistan:A cross-sectional study

Background: The success of a reporting system of adverse drug reaction (ADR) depends on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the health care professionals. However, due to a lack of knowledge and poor contribution by healthcare workers, ADR remains underreported. To improve safety, proper identification and ADR reporting is necessary. Objective: This study was carried out to determine knowledge, attitude, and practices of ADR among physicians and pharmacists working in Pakistan and the factors which encourage and discourage effective reporting. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a pretested questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed among 333 physicians and 34 pharmacists with a 95.5% response rate. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used for data analysis. Results: Pharmacists have more knowledge regarding ADR compared to physicians (47.1% vs. 13.8%, p < 0.001). Pharmacists also have a positive attitude compared to physicians (97.1% vs. 76.3%, p < 0.001). No significant difference was noticed in ADR practice by physicians and pharmacists (12.3% vs. 11.8, p = 0.92). The seriousness of ADR was the main factor that encouraged nearly all pharmacists to report, whereas among physician’s, seriousness and the unusualness of reaction, the new drug involvement, and confidence in diagnosis were the factors which encouraged them to report ADR. Conclusion: Overall, pharmacists had more knowledge and a positive attitude regarding ADR reporting compared to physicians, but practices of ADR reporting remained the same among both. Therefore, it is suggested that educational interventions, along with training programs, should be developed