1,630 research outputs found
Investigation of drug distribution in tablets using surface enhanced Raman chemical imaging
This paper reports the first application of surface enhanced Raman chemical imaging on pharmaceutical tablets containing the active ingredient (API) in very low concentrations.Taking advantage of the extremely intensive Raman signals in the presence of silver colloids,image aquisition time was radically decreased. Moreover, the investigation of drug distribution below the detection limit of regular micro-Raman spectrometry was made
feasible. The characteristics of different manufacturing technologies could be revealed at very low API concentrations by using chemometric methods for processing and evaluating the large number of varying spectra provided with this imaging method
Ikonikus fordulat és a hieroglifák. Avagy: mi hasznuk lehet a humanióráknak?
A kĂ©p ĂşjbĂłl elfoglalhatja azt a centrális helyet a kultĂşrában, ahonnan a nyelv, illetve a szöveg kiszorĂtotta. Az utĂłbbi Ă©vekben több tanulmányában NyĂri KristĂłf azt a kĂ©rdĂ©st feszegeti, hogy vajon lehetsĂ©ges-e – s ha igen, mikĂ©nt – kĂ©pekkel, vizuális szimbĂłlumokkal kifejezni elvont gondolatokat, azaz kĂ©pisĂ©ggel helyettesĂteni a fogalmiságot
Dynamics of Perceptual Organization in Complex Visual Search: The Identification of Self Organized Criticality with Respect to Visual Grouping Principles
The current project applies modern quantitative theories of visual perception to examine the effect of the Gestalt Law of proximity on visual cognition. Gestalt Laws are spontaneous dynamic processes (Brunswik & Kamiya, 1953; Wertheimer, 1938) that underlie the principles of perceptual organization. These principles serve as mental short-cuts, heuristic rule-of-thumb strategies that shorten decision-making time and allow continuous, efficient processing and flow of information (Hertwig & Todd, 2002). The proximity heuristic refers to the observation that objects near each other in the visual field tend to be grouped together by the perceptual system (Smith-Gratto & Fisher, 1999). Proximity can be directly quantified as the distance between adjacent objects (inter-object distances) in a visual array. Recent studies on eye movements have revealed the interactive nature of self organizing dynamic processes in visual cognition (Aks, Zelinsky, & Sprott, 2002; Stephen, & Mirman, 2010). Research by Aks and colleagues (2002) recorded eye-movements during a complex visual search task in which participants searched for a target among distracters. Their key finding was that visual search patterns are not randomly distributed, and that a simple form of temporal memory exists across the sequence of eye movements. The objective of the present research was to identify how the law of proximity impacts visual search behavior as reflected in eye movement patterns. We discovered that 1) eye movements are fractal; 2) more fractality will result in decreased reaction time during visual search, and 3) fractality facilitates the improvement of reaction times over blocks of trials. Results were interpreted in view of theories of cognitive resource allocation and perceptual efficiency. The current research could inspire potential innovations in computer vision, user interface design and visual cognition
COMPARATIVE MODELS OF PRECAST WAFFLE SLABS DUE TO POST-TENSIONING
Inspecting the IMS structural system tensioned together from precast reinforced concrete
elements, considerable corrosion, in some cases rupture of the reinforcing tendons was
found in the critical floor cross-sections. On the basis of the results of investigations
carried out on a typical floor panel, assuming a corrosion predictable from disclosures,
possibility of failure of the critical cross-section is 15 years after its construction by about
two orders of magnitude higher than prescribed in the Hungarian Standard. Complete
corrosion or rupture of the reinforcing tendons in either of the directions can lead to
progressive collapse of the floor due to the rearrangement of stresses. Its prevention calls
for structure strengthening.
Insufficient load bearing capacity of the floor structures - especially in the case
of multielement systems - can be most favourably guaranteed by supplementary post-
tensioning. Efficiency of the strengthening by post-tensioning depends essentially on the
distribution of the normal force originating from the stressing force applied -concentrically
in the block floor ribs - that can be regarded as monolithic in respect of the supplementary
stressing -, as well as on moments and reactions due to concentrated forces arising in
consequence of the polygonal cable arrangement and acting perpendicularly to the floor
plane.
For design the strengthening effect of subsequent steps of the post-tensioning and of
the location of force application, the role of columns in stiffening, influence of the possible
lattice models as well as the role of the 3.5 cm floor plate in stiffening and effect of joint
eccentricity joint of structural elements have been investigated
Az integrált gyomszabályozás Ă©s a talajvĂ©delem lehetĹ‘sĂ©gei a környezetkĂmĂ©lĹ‘ növĂ©nytermesztĂ©sben = Possibilities of the integrated weed management and soil conservation tillage in the environmentally sound crop production
A kutatás során megállapĂtottuk, hogy a talaj szerkezetĂ©nek megĂłvására jelentĹ‘s hatással van a talajművelĂ©s mikĂ©ntje. A direktvetĂ©s esetĂ©ben a kedvezĹ‘ szerkezet kialakulására, csak Ă©vek elteltĂ©vel számĂthatunk, de a talajba juttatott szerves anyag hosszĂştávon javĂtja a szerkezetessĂ©get. Ugyanakkor a szántás szerkezetrombolĂł hatása is cáfolhatĂł kĂsĂ©rleteink alapján. A kutatásainkban a lazĂtás alkalmazása hozta a legkedvezĹ‘bb hatást a jĂł talajszerkezet kialakulásában. A gyomosodási vizsgálatokbĂłl kiderĂĽl, hogy a gyomkorlátozĂł hatás tekintetĂ©ben a szántás bizonyult a legjobbnak, de egyĂ©ves gyomok estĂ©ben a tárcsázás Ă©s a lazĂtással kombinált tárcsás művelĂ©s is hatĂ©kony volt. A sekĂ©ly kultivátoros művelĂ©s Ă©s a direktvetĂ©s alkalmazása esetĂ©n nagyobb gyomkonkurenciával kell számolni. Továbbá megerĹ‘sĂtĂ©st nyert, hogy a sekĂ©ly forgatás nĂ©lkĂĽli talajművelĂ©s elĹ‘segĂtheti az egyĂ©ves egyszikű gyomok, esetĂĽnkben a Bromus tectorum felszaporodását. A köztes vĂ©dĹ‘növĂ©ny alkalmazása a gyomok elleni kĂĽzdelemben ugyancsak javasolhatĂł. Vizsgálataink szerint a köztes vĂ©dĹ‘növĂ©nnyel borĂtott terĂĽleteken fele akkora gyomborĂtásra számĂthatunk Ă©s a köztes vĂ©dĹ‘növĂ©ny pozitĂv hatása a következĹ‘ Ă©vben is Ă©rezhetĹ‘. A szántás kedvezĹ‘ hatását a kĂłrokozĂłk megjelenĂ©sĂ©vel szemben is tapasztaltuk. Továbbá megállapĂtottuk, hogy a műtrágyaadag csökkenĂ©sĂ©vel a bĂşza levĂ©lbetegsĂ©geinek gyakorisága növekedett. | In our investigation the beneficial impact of direct seeding regarding soil structure can be expected after some years only, but increasing organic matter content has long-term effect on the abovementioned process. On the contrary, our results disclaim the structure-deteriorating effect of ploughing, when it is done in right time and good quality (preparation at the time of ploughing in one pass). Our data show that loosening was proved to be the most beneficial method in establishing good soil structure. According to our weed-surveys, ploughing was found to be the best method against weeds, but against annual weeds disking and loosening combined with disking were efficient, either. Under shallow cultivation and direct seeding higher weed cover is expectable. Our results indicated that shallow cultivation without inversion can enhance propagation of annual monocotyledonous weeds, such as Bromus tectorum. The application of catch-crops can be advised due to its weed-control effect. The weed-cover has decreased by half under catch-crops and the beneficial effect was shown in the following year, too. The beneficial effect of ploughing was demonstrated against pathogens, either. On the basis of our results, by decreasing nutrient doses the rate of leaf diseases increased
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