Separation of the rare earths by anion-exchange in the presence of lactic acid

Investigation of adsorption of rare earths and a few other elements to an anion-exchange resin from mixed solvents containing lactic acid shows that the lanthanides are absorbed more strongly than from the alpha-hydroxyisobutryric acid system, but with less separation between adjacent members of the series

DISCUSSION: FINANCING AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION IN THE SOUTHERN REGION

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Angular distribution, kinetic energy distributions, and excitation functions of fast metastable oxygen fragments following electron impact of CO2

Dissociative excitation of CO2 by electron impact was studied using the methods of translational spectroscopy and angular distribution analysis. Earlier time of flight studies revealed two overlapping spectra, the slower of which was attributed to metastable CO(a3 pi) fragments. The fast peak is the focus of this study. Threshold energy, angular distribution, and improve time of flight measurements indicate that the fast peak actually consists of five overlapping features. The slowest of the five features is found to consist of metastable 0(5S) produced by predissociation of a sigma u + state of CO2 into 0(5S) + CO(a3 pi). Oxygen Rydberg fragments originating directly from a different sigma u + state are believed to make up the next fastest feature. Mechanisms for producing the three remaining features are discussed

Nitric acid-organic mixtures surveyed for use in separation by anion exchange methods

Column elution-spectrographic analysis technique compares certain solvents directly to the methanol system, using inert rare earths instead of actinides. Distribution ratios for americium between 90 percent solvent, 10 percent 5 M nitric acid and Dowex 1 nitrate form resin for a large group of organics miscible in water was determined

DETERMINING LOCATIONS FOR RURAL MEDICAL CLINICS: A MODEL AND ITS USE

Community/Rural/Urban Development,

Local adaptation drives the diversification of effectors in the fungal wheat pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum in the United States

Filamentous fungi rapidly evolve in response to environmental selection pressures in part due to their genomic plasticity. Parastagonospora nodorum, a fungal pathogen of wheat and causal agent of septoria nodorum blotch, responds to selection pressure exerted by its host, influencing the gain, loss, or functional diversification of virulence determinants, known as effector genes. Whole genome resequencing of 197 P. nodorum isolates collected from spring, durum, and winter wheat production regions of the United States enabled the examination of effector diversity and genomic regions under selection specific to geographically discrete populations. 1,026,859 SNPs/InDels were used to identify novel loci, as well as SnToxA and SnTox3 as factors in disease. Genes displaying presence/absence variation, predicted effector genes, and genes localized on an accessory chromosome had significantly higher pN/pS ratios, indicating a higher rate of sequence evolution. Population structure analyses indicated two P. nodorum populations corresponding to the Upper Midwest (Population 1) and Southern/Eastern United States (Population 2). Prevalence of SnToxA varied greatly between the two populations which correlated with presence of the host sensitivity gene Tsn1 in the most prevalent cultivars in the corresponding regions. Additionally, 12 and 5 candidate effector genes were observed to be under diversifying selection among isolates from Population 1 and 2, respectively, but under purifying selection or neutrally evolving in the opposite population. Selective sweep analysis revealed 10 and 19 regions that had recently undergone positive selection in Population 1 and 2, respectively, involving 92 genes in total. When comparing genes with and without presence/absence variation, those genes exhibiting this variation were significantly closer to transposable elements. Taken together, these results indicate that P. nodorum is rapidly adapting to distinct selection pressures unique to spring and winter wheat production regions by rapid adaptive evolution and various routes of genomic diversification, potentially facilitated through transposable element activity

Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Saudi Land Bridge Project

Projects are the backbone of economic thrive of nations, especially infrastructure projects. It’s counted as the base layer of allowing economic trade between beneficiaries. Railway projects have always been a huge element in increasing trade operations between Saudi Arabia and the rest of the world, by providing an efficient and environmentally friendly way that is capable of hauling large loads of exports all the way to the seaports and from there to the rest of the world. The Saudi land bridge project will cost about $11 billion and will provide a new link between the existent railway in the eastern region to the west of the kingdom all the way to Jeddah Islamic seaport right on the red sea. The goal of this research is to perform a cost-benefit analysis of the new Saudi land bridge project, by studying all the data available to determine if the government of Saudi Arabia should proceed with this project or not. The cost-benefit analysis will compare the project\u27s expenses with the advantages that will be realized once it is completed. It indicates that the project should be carried out since the project\u27s benefits will outweigh the expenses associated with its completion

Effect of Number of Wire Mesh Layers and Depth Ratio on Ultimate Shear Force for Monopanel Beam Specimens

نظام المونوبنل هو نوع من البناء الجديد الذي يتكون من طبقتين رقيقتين من الفيروسمنت تتخللهما طبقة سميكة من مواد خفيفة الوزن ذات مقاومة وكثافة قليلتين على سبيل المثال رغوة البوليسترين والتي استخدمت في هذا البحث أو أي مادة عازلة أخرى .  في هذا البحث ربطت هاتين الطبقتين مع بعضهما بواسطة عوارض مشبكه جملونيا مصنوعة من قضبان فولاذية  بقطر 3.2 ملم على هيئة قضبان طولية عدد 2 تربطهما أخرى تميل بزاوية مقدارها 60 درجة مع القضبان الطولية ، هذه القضبان المائلة تعمل كروابط بين قشرتي الفيروسمنت الرقيقة وتمنعهما من الانبعاج الموضعي وتقوم بمقاومة قوى الانثناء والقص و الانضغاط المسلط عليها. لقد تناول هذا البحث دراسة سلوك و سعة التحمل للأعتاب المصنعة في المختبر بموجب نظام المونوبنل.  ومن خلال التجارب العملية لستة مجاميع من  نماذج أعتاب المونوبنل تمت دراسة تأثر أحمال الفشل باختلاف عمق الأعتاب و عدد طبقات المشبكان في فلاف النماذج ( طبقة واحدة أو طبقتين ) حيث تمت دراسة هذه المتغيرات على السلوك والحمل الأقصى للنماذج كذلك تم مقارنة  النتائج العملية مع النتائج النظرية التي تم استحصالها باستخدام علاقات قوى القص لمدونة أل ACI 318M-08.A monopanel is the system building witch consists of two thin ferrocement block as a faces and  between them a bushy layer of low strength, density and cost as a core made from lightweight material for example from polystyrene foam as using in this investigation  or any material as an insulation . The simple structural idealization of a monopanel system is that the core provides transverse trusses between the faces that prevent flexural ,shear force and compression. Transverse trusses made of steel bars having a diameter of 3.2 mm, which make available as tie reinforcement to prevent the thin ferrocement skins from local buckling, have been used in the present work. These transfer system consist of two longitudinal bars connected by inclined steel bar forming trusses shape making an angle equals to 60o with the longitudinal bars. The main object of this research is to present an experimental investigation on the behavior and load carrying capacity of monopanel beams. The experimental work includes testing six groups of  monopanel beams, and has been investigated the effect of a different depths of monopanel beams and number of layer of wire mesh of skin faces (one or two layers )  on the behavior and the ultimate load capacity. Also comparison of these results with the ACI code 318M-08 formulations have been made

Is there any chlorine monoxide in the stratosphere?

A ground based search for the 856.50137/cm R(9.5) and for the 859.76765 R(12.5) transitions of stratospheric (Cl-35)O was made in the solar absorption mode using an infrared heterodyne spectrometer. Lines due to stratospheric HNO3 and tropospheric OCS were detected, at about 0.3% absorption levels. The expected lines of ClO in this same region were not detected, even though the optical depth of the ClO lines should be on the order of 0.2% using currently accepted ClO abundances. These infrared measurements suggest that stratospheric ClO is at least a factor of 7 less abundant than is indicated by indirect in situ fluorescence measurements, and the upper limit of 2.4x10 to the 13th power molecules/sq cm to the integrated column density of ClO is a factor of over 4 less than is indicted by microwave measurements. Results imply that the release of fluorocarbon precursors of ClO may be significantly less important for the destruction of stratospheric ozone than was previously thought