Cerebral fat embolism in polytraumatized: case report

Cerebral fat embolism (CFE) results from the release of fat globules into the bloodstream, mainly from long bone fractures. The presence of significant fat emboli in the blood can cause vascular occlusion and clinical manifestations depend on the location of the obstruction. In this work, we report a case of a young patient, victim of an automobile accident with acetabulum fracture and right femoral diaphysis, who showed a decrease in the level of consciousness. In view of the clinical picture, magnetic resonance imaging was requested, which showed results compatible with the diagnosis of CFE. After proper care for embolism management, the patient had a favorable evolution.A embolia cerebral gordurosa é uma patologia decorrente da liberação de glóbulos de gordura na circulação sanguínea provenientes, principalmente, de fraturas de ossos longos. A presença de êmbolos significativos de gordura no sangue resulta oclusão vascular e manifestações clínicas dependentes da localização da obstrução. O caso relatado apresenta um paciente jovem, vítima de acidente automobilístico com fratura de acetábulo e diáfise femoral direita, que evoluiu com rebaixamento do sensório. Diante do quadro clínico, foi solicitada ressonância magnética, que apresentou resultado compatível com o diagnóstico de embolia cerebral gordurosa. Realizado os devidos cuidados para tratamento da embolia, o paciente apresentou prognóstico favorável

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

RECÉM-NASCIDOS PRÉ-TERMO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA ACERCA DAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS DA PELE IMATURA COMO PRIMEIRA BARREIRA IMUNOLÓGICA

Introduction: Human immunity is typified by innate and adaptive immunity. In that case, the defense is nonspecific and made by structures naturally present in the body, among which, the skin takes part and plays an important role as a barrier. In preterm newborns, however, immature skin, is not fully developed when contacting the extrauterine environment and performing its purpose, and the aim of the present study is to identify the consequences of immature skin on the immune system of premature infants. Method: For that, an integrative literature review was carried out through the PubMed database with the search terms preterm newborn, premature and immature skin, concatenated with the Boolean operator AND, along with the qualitative analysis of the material. Results: In the search, 56 studies were found, of which 5 were analyzed after applying the exclusion criteria. Discussion: It was noticed, by the observation of the research, that the fragility of the skin of premature babies is a consensus and that the epidermis still in development allows invasion by pathological agents more quickly and easily, among other problems. Such injuries are conditioned by the absence of corneal cells in the outer periphery of the epidermis of these borns, not allowing them the protection of a non-sorbent barrier to the organism. Conclusion: Thus, it was concluded that there are consequences such as fluid loss, electrolyte dysregulation and body temperature, mechanical damage and a higher risk of infection or intoxication due to the fragility of the skin and its inability to act as a barrier, conditioned by the non-development of the corneal layer. of the epidermis.Introdução: A imunidade humana é tipificada por imunidade inata e adaptativa. Naquela, a defesa é inespecífica e feita por estruturas presentes naturalmente no organismo, dentre as quais, a pele faz parte e possui importante papel como barreira. Nos recém-nascidos pré-termo, porém, a pele, imatura, não está completamente desenvolvida ao entrar em contato com o ambiente extra-uterino e performar seu propósito, sendo o objetivo do presente estudo identificar quais as consequências da pele imatura no sistema imune do nascido prematuro. Métodos: Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, por meio da pesquisa na base de dados PubMed com os termos de busca recém-nascido pré-termo, prematuros e pele imatura, concatenadas com o operador Booleano AND, bem como análise qualitativa do material. Resultados: Na busca, foram encontrados 56 estudos relacionados, dos quais 5 foram analisados após realizada a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão. Discussão: Percebeu-se, pela observação da pesquisa, que a fragilidade da pele de bebês prematuros é um consenso e que a epiderme ainda em desenvolvimento permite a invasão por agentes patológicos com maior rapidez e facilidade, dentre outros problemas. Tais injúrias são condicionadas pela ausência de corneócitos na periferia externa da epiderme destes nascidos, não lhes possibilitando a proteção de uma barreira não sorvente ao organismo. Conclusão: Assim, chegou-se à conclusão de que existem consequências como a perda de líquido, desregulação de eletrólitos e temperatura corporal, danos mecânicos e maior risco de infecção ou intoxicação, na exposição precoce da pele de prematuros no nascimento, devido à sua fragilidade e sua incapacidade de agir como barreira, condicionada pelo não desenvolvimento da camada córnea da epiderme