Crank-Nicolson finite difference method for two-dimensional fractional sub-diffusion equation

A Crank-Nicolson finite difference method is presented to solve the time fractional two-dimensional sub-diffusion equation in the case where the Gr¨unwald-Letnikov definition is used for the time-fractional derivative. The stability and convergence of the proposed Crank-Nicolson scheme are also analyzed. Finally, numerical examples are presented to test that the numerical scheme is accurate and feasible

The modified BenjaminBona-Mahony equation via the extended generalized Riccati equation mapping method

Abstract The generalized Riccati equation mapping is extended together with the ( ) expansion method and is a powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear partial differential equations. In this article, we construct twenty seven new exact traveling wave solutions including solitons and periodic solutions of the modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation by applying the extended generalized Riccati equation mapping method. In this method, implemented as the auxiliary equation, where , r s and p are arbitrary constants and called the generalized Riccati equation. The obtained solutions are described in four different families including the hyperbolic functions, the trigonometric functions and the rational functions. In addition, it is worth mentioning that one of newly obtained solutions is identical for a special case with already published result which validates our other solutions. Mathematics Subject Classification: 35K99, 35P99, 35P05 Keywords: The modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation, the generalized Riccati equation, the ( ) / G G ′ -expansion method, traveling wave solutions, nonlinear evolution equations

Extinction of cholera using deterministic and stochastic models incorporating vigilant human compartment

We study the effect of vaccination, sanitation and public health sensitization as prevention and control measures of cholera in deterministic and stochastic frameworks. To achieve this, a deterministic mathematical model incorporating the class of vigilant individuals is proposed and analyzed. The results from the stability analysis show that the disease-free equilibrium solution is globally asymptotically stable if R0 < 1. The model is then extended to incorporate random effect using the method of transition probabilities. Numerically, we approximate the expected extinction time of the disease if certain conditions are satisfied. As Vibrio cholerae multiplies at a fast rate in the environment, it is recommended that regular disinfection of the affected areas as well as public health sensitization be done.Publisher's Versio

Mathematical model of pertussis and pneumonia co-infection in infants with maternally derived immunity

The transmission dynamics of a pertussis-pneumonia co-infection model is analyzed. The model takes into account temporary immunity of infected infants and includes a maternally derived immunity compartment. The basic reproduction number of the co-infected model is obtained using the next generation matrix, and stability analysis is carried out. The model exhibits four equilibria, namely, the pertussis-free equilibrium, the pneumonia-free equilibrium, the co-infection-free equilibrium and co-infection endemic equilibrium. Subsequently, the local stability of the co-infection-free equilibrium is analyzed and is shown to be locally asymptotically stable. Similarly, by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, the co-infection endemic equilibrium is shown to be globally asymptotically stable. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the validity of these results

Mathematical model of dengue virus with predator-prey interactions

In this paper, a mathematical model of dengue incorporating two sub-models that: describes the linked dynamics between predator-prey of mosquitoes at the larval stage, and describes the dengue spread between humans and adult mosquitoes, is formulated to simulate the dynamics of dengue spread. The effect of predator-prey dynamics in controlling the dengue disease at the larval stage of mosquito populations is investigated. Stability analysis of the equilibrium points are carried out. Numerical simulations results indicate that the use of predator-prey dynamics of mosquitoes at the larval stage as biological control agents for controlling the larval stage of dengue mosquito assists in combating dengue virus contagion

Analysis and numerical approximation of the fractional-order two-dimensional diffusion-wave equation

Non-local fractional derivatives are generally more effective in mimicking real-world phenomena and offer more precise representations of physical entities, such as the oscillation of earthquakes and the behavior of polymers. This study aims to solve the 2D fractional-order diffusion-wave equation using the Riemann–Liouville time-fractional derivative. The fractional-order diffusion-wave equation is solved using the modified implicit approach based on the Riemann–Liouville integral sense. The theoretical analysis is investigated for the suggested scheme, such as stability, consistency, and convergence, by using Fourier series analysis. The scheme is shown to be unconditionally stable, and the approximate solution is consistent and convergent to the exact result. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate that the technique is more workable and feasible

Some New Traveling Wave Solutions of the Nonlinear Reaction Diffusion Equation by Using the Improved (G′/G)-Expansion Method

We construct new exact traveling wave solutions involving free parameters of the nonlinear reaction diffusion equation by using the improved (G′/G)-expansion method. The second-order linear ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients is used in this method. The obtained solutions are presented by the hyperbolic and the trigonometric functions. The solutions become in special functional form when the parameters take particular values. It is important to reveal that our solutions are in good agreement with the existing results

Dynamical Behaviour of a Modified Tuberculosis Model with Impact of Public Health Education and Hospital Treatment

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the treacherous infectious diseases of global concern. In this paper, we consider a deterministic model of TB infection with the public health education and hospital treatment impact. The effective reproductive number, Rph, that measures the potential spread of TB is presented by employing the next generation matrix approach. We investigate local and global stability of the TB-free equilibrium point, endemic equilibrium point, and sensitivity analysis. The analyses of the proposed model show that the model undergoes the phenomenon of backward bifurcation when the effective reproduction number (Rph) is less than one, where two stable equilibria, namely, the DFE and an EEP coexist. Further, we compute the sensitivity of the impact of each parameter on the effective reproductive number of the model by employing a normalized sensitivity index formula. Numerical simulation of the proposed model was conducted using Maple 2016 and MatLab R2020b software and compared with the theoretical results for illustration purposes. The investigation results can be useful in providing information to policy makers and public health authorities in mitigating the spread of TB infection by public health education and hospital treatment

Modelling travelling waves in spatially constrained environment solutions

In this study, we consider how Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs) can be used to study the travelling wave phenomena in parabolic equations. As our method is conducted under intracellular environments that are highly crowded, it was discovered that there is a simple relationship between the travelling wave speed and obstacle density