Le statistiche sulla popolazione nella monarchia austriaca. Le "Tafeln zur Statistik der Osterreischen Monarchie" (1827-1865).

The paper contains a brief story of the beginning of the production of the Tafeln (tables) and the description of the statistical data collected and partially published during the Austro-Ungarian Empire, from 1829 to 1871. They contain a series of data about several administrative and economic activities, for each of the lander and of the delegationen of the Empire, for the years 1827 to 1865. Demographic data include total population classified by sex; births by sex and legitimacy, deaths by age and sex, and some cause of death; marriages by age of spouses and by previous marital status. Other characteristics were included in the more recent editions. We recognized in particular data regarding the Veneto regions and his delegationen (provinces)

A Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of the Implementation of Surgical Safety Checklists in a Tertiary Care Hospital

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Le statistiche sulla popolazione nella monarchia austriaca. Le "Tafeln zur Statistik der Osterreischen Monarchie" (1827-1865).

The paper contains a brief story of the beginning of the production of the Tafeln (tables) and the description of the statistical data collected and partially published during the Austro-Ungarian Empire, from 1829 to 1871. They contain a series of data about several administrative and economic activities, for each of the lander and of the delegationen of the Empire, for the years 1827 to 1865. Demographic data include total population classified by sex; births by sex and legitimacy, deaths by age and sex, and some cause of death; marriages by age of spouses and by previous marital status. Other characteristics were included in the more recent editions. We recognized in particular data regarding the Veneto regions and his delegationen (provinces)

Parameters of Glucose Homeostasis in the Recognition of the Metabolic Syndrome in Young Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome

To verify the accuracy of different indices of glucose homeostasis in recognizing the metabolic syndrome in a group of adult patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), 102 PWS patients (53 females/49 males), age ±SD 26.9 ± 7.6 yrs, Body Mass Index (BMI) 35.7 ± 10.7, were studied. The following indices were assessed in each subject during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): 1 h (>155 mg/dL) and 2 h (140–199 mg/dL) glucose levels, the oral disposition index (ODI), the insulinogenic index (IGI), the insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated at baseline, 1 h and 2 h. Although minor differences among indices were found, according to the ROC analysis, no index performed better in recognizing MetS. Furthermore, the diagnostic threshold levels changed over the years and therefore the age-related thresholds were calculated. The easily calculated HOMA-IR at baseline may be used to accurately diagnose MetS, thus avoiding more complicated procedures

The influence of gh treatment on glucose homeostasis in girls with turner syndrome: A 7-year study

Context: Growth hormone (GH) influences glucose homeostasis mainly by negatively affecting insulin sensitivity. Objective: To longitudinally study insulin sensitivity [via homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S)], insulin secretion [insulinogenic index (IGI)], and capacity of b cells to adapt to changes in insulin sensitivity [oral disposition index (ODI)] in girls with Turner syndrome (TS) undergoing GH treatment. Design and Setting: Longitudinal, retrospective, 7-year study conducted in a tertiary pediatric endocrine unit and university pediatric clinic. Patients and Methods:We studied 104 patientswith TS (mean age6standard deviation, 9.163.4 years) for a median of 7.2 years. Intervention: Every year, the children underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, which was used to calculate HOMA-S, IGI, and ODI. Results: HOMA-S, IGI, and ODI did not significantly change. Conclusion: The results are reassuring, showing no negative influence of GH treatment on insulin sensitivity and on b-cell secretory capacity in girlswith TS

Bone Geometry, Quality, and Bone Markers in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus show a high risk of bone fracture, probably as a consequence of a decreased bone mass and microarchitectural bone alterations. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential negative effects of type 1 diabetes on bone geometry, quality, and bone markers in a group of children and adolescents. 96 children, mean age 10.5\u2009\ub1\u20093.1 years, agreed to participate to the study. Bone geometry was evaluated on digitalized X-rays at the level of the 2nd metacarpal bone. The following parameters were investigated and expressed as SDS: outer diameter (D), inner diameter (d), cortical area (CA), and medullary area (MA). Bone strength was evaluated as Bending Breaking Resistance Index (BBRI) from the geometric data. Bone turnover markers (PINP, CTX-I, and BAP), sclerostin, Dkk-1, PTH, and 25OH-Vitamin D were also assessed. A group of healthy 40 subjects of normal body weight and height served as controls for the bone markers. D (-\u20090.99\u2009\ub1\u20090.98), d (-\u20090.41\u2009\ub1\u20090.88), CA (-\u20090.85\u2009\ub1\u20090.78), and MA (-\u20090.46\u2009\ub1\u20090.78) were all significantly smaller than in controls (p\u2009<\u20090.01). BBRI was significantly lower (-\u20092.61\u2009\ub1\u20092.18; p\u2009<\u20090.0001). PTH, PINP, and BAP were higher in the diabetic children. Multiple regression analysis showed that CA and D were influenced by insulin/Kg/day and by BMI, while d was influenced by PINP only. Type 1 diabetic children show smaller and weaker bones. The increased bone turnover could play a key role since it might amplify the deficit in bone strength associated with the inadequate osteoblastic activity caused by the disease itself

Thyroid function in children and adolescents with Hashimotoâ\u80\u99s thyroiditis afterL-thyroxine discontinuation

Objective: Thyroid function may recover in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Design: To investigate thyroid function and the need to resume l-thyroxine treatment after its discontinuation. Setting: Nine Italian pediatric endocrinology centers. Patients: 148 children and adolescents (25 m and 123 f) with HT on treatment with l-thyroxine for at least one year. Intervention and main outcome measure: Treatment was discontinued in all patients, and serum TSH and fT4 concentrations were measured at the time of treatment discontinuation and then after 2, 6, 12 and 24 months. Therapy with l-thyroxine was re-instituted when TSH rose >10 U/L and/or fT4 was below the normal range. The patients were followed up when TSH concentrations were between 5 and 10 U/L and fT4 was in the normal range. Results: At baseline, TSH was in the normal range in 139 patients, and was between 5 and 10 U/L in 9 patients. Treatment was re-instituted after 2 months in 37 (25.5%) patients, after 6 months in 13 patients (6.99%), after 12 months in 12 patients (8.6%), and after 24 months in an additional 3 patients (3.1%). At 24 months, 34 patients (34.3%) still required no treatment. TSH concentration >10 U/L at the time of diagnosis was the only predictive factor for the deterioration of thyroid function after l-thyroxine discontinuation. Conclusions: This study confirms that not all children with HT need life-long therapy with l-thyroxine, and the discontinuation of treatment in patients with a TSH level <10 U/L at the time of diagnosis should be considered