EGFR Signal Induced-Nuclear Translocation of Beta-catenin and PKM2 Promotes HCC Malignancy and Indicates Early Recurrence After Curative Resection

Early recurrence (ER) (< 1 year) after liver resection is one of the most important factors that impacts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms and predictive indexes of ER after curative resection remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to exploit the role of EGFR signaling in EMT and early recurrence of HCC after curative resection and elucidate the molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that nuclear beta-catenin / PKM2 was a independent predictor of early recurrence after curative resection in EGFR-overexpressed HCC. Mechanistic investigation indicated that nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and PKM2 induced by EGFR signal promoted HCC cell invasion and proliferation, which were required for early recurrence of HCC. These effects were mediated by PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways rather than the canonical Wnt signaling. In conclusions, EGFR signal induced-nuclear translocation of beta-catenin and PKM2 promotes HCC malignancy and indicates early recurrence after curative resection

MalFox: Camouflaged Adversarial Malware Example Generation Based on Conv-GANs Against Black-Box Detectors

Deep learning is a thriving field currently stuffed with many practical applications and active research topics. It allows computers to learn from experience and to understand the world in terms of a hierarchy of concepts, with each being defined through its relations to simpler concepts. Relying on the strong capabilities of deep learning, we propose a convolutional generative adversarial network-based (Conv-GAN) framework titled MalFox, targeting adversarial malware example generation against third-party black-box malware detectors. Motivated by the rival game between malware authors and malware detectors, MalFox adopts a confrontational approach to produce perturbation paths, with each formed by up to three methods (namely Obfusmal, Stealmal, and Hollowmal) to generate adversarial malware examples. To demonstrate the effectiveness of MalFox, we collect a large dataset consisting of both malware and benignware programs, and investigate the performance of MalFox in terms of accuracy, detection rate, and evasive rate of the generated adversarial malware examples. Our evaluation indicates that the accuracy can be as high as 99.0% which significantly outperforms the other 12 well-known learning models. Furthermore, the detection rate is dramatically decreased by 56.8% on average, and the average evasive rate is noticeably improved by up to 56.2%

Core-Shell Structure in Doped Inorganic Nanoparticles: Approaches for Optimizing Luminescence Properties

Doped inorganic luminescent nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in both research and application fields due to their distinctive properties. However, there is an urgent demand to improve their luminescence efficiency, which is greatly reduced by surface effects. In this paper, we review recent advances in optimizing luminescence properties of doped NPs based on core-shell structure, which are basically classified into two categories: one is by use of surface coating with nonmetal materials to weaken the influence of surface effect and the other is with metal shell via metal enhanced luminescence. Different materials used to coat NPs are surveyed, and their advantages and disadvantages are both commented on. Moreover, problems in current core-shell structured luminescent NPs are pointed out and strategies furthering the optimization of luminescence properties are suggested

Damage characteristics and mechanical properties of superhigh-water material consolidated body under triaxial stress

In order to study the damage characteristics of superhigh-wate consolidated body under triaxial stress state, uniaxial experiments of superhigh-water consolidated body under different curing time (1, 7, 14, 21, 28 d) were carried out. Uniaxial compression models under different curing times were established by the parallel bonding model of PFC3D, and five groups of uniaxial strength of PFC3D simulation experiment were obtained, which were consistent with the uniaxial strength of the uniaxial experiment. Statistics each simulation experiment of uniaxial compression parallel bond, mesoscopic physical and mechanical parameters in the model on the basis of the parameters under different curing time, superhigh-water consolidation triaxial compression model body, the same confining pressure and axial stress is applied, record the triaxial experiments under different curing time in the process of stress-strain curve and the force when the damage distribution chain. Analyzed superhigh-water body of consolidation in the damage characteristics of three to the stress state, the results show that: ① the superhigh-water concretion body three to the stress state of the changing rule of the ultimate strength with curing time can be represented by the Bohr boltzmann equation. When curing time is 1 to 14 days, the ultimate strength increases fastest, and the maximum ultimate strength reaches 3.1 MPa when curing time is 28 days. ② The variation rule of the degree of penetration of force chains in the triaxial compression model of superhigh-water consolidated body with curing time is as follows: within curing time of 1-28 d, the number of transverse contact force chains is 4 006, 4 561, 4 891, 5 017, 5 062, respectively. The number of longitudinal contact force chains is 4 029, 4 439, 4 716, 4 917 and 5 123. The results show that the carrying capacity of the superhigh-water consolidated body increases with the increase of curing time, and increases fastest during the curing time from 0 to 14 days, and tends to be stable during 14 to 28 days. ③ The tensile chain was used to simulate the fracture development in the triaxial compression model of superhigh-water consolidated body. The results show that the cracks concentrate on the upper and lower ends of the specimen when the curing time is 1 d. With the increase of curing time, the cracks in the middle of the specimen begin to increase and finally connect with the cracks at the upper and lower ends of the specimen

Research on the Floor Rockburst of Panel Entry under the Mining Influence: A Case Study

AbstractThe stability of the entries of longwall panels is the key to ensure efficient and safe production of coal mines. In order to solve the common problems of floor heave of panel entry in western China, based on a case study, this paper studies the rockburst instability mechanism of entry floor-induced mining by considering the results from a laboratory test, numerical simulations, and field practice. After testing, the coal and rock of the entry are hard and brittle. In particular under the action of impact dynamic load, its dynamic strength is higher and has a positive correlation with the impact pressure, which provides a mechanical premise for subsequent rockburst. Numerical simulation results show that with the mining of the panel, the vertical stress and the maximum principal stress of the floor are mainly concentrated in the coal pillar along the entry, and the area and degree of concentration continue to increase. The horizontal stress is mainly concentrated in the entry floor, which is distributed in the advanced range of the panel. The deformation rate of the entry roof and the ribs is stable, while the floor shows a “mutation” characteristic of not deforming when the panel is far away and suddenly rising when it is closer to the panel. The range of the plastic zone of the roof and floor remains unchanged, the ribs are further deepened, and the mechanical properties of the coal and rock mass are further weakened. The results of this study contribute to providing a reference for the control of surrounding rock of panel entry under similar geological and geotechnical circumstances