Research hotspots and trends of artificial intelligence in rheumatoid arthritis: A bibliometric and visualized study

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are becoming increasingly popular. In this bibliometric study, we aimed to analyze the characteristics of publications relevant to the research of AI in RA, thereby developing a thorough overview of this research topic. Web of Science was used to retrieve publications on the application of AI in RA from 2003 to 2022. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using Microsoft Excel (2019), R software (4.2.2) and VOSviewer (1.6.18). The overall distribution of yearly outputs, leading countries, top institutions and authors, active journals, co-cited references and keywords were analyzed. A total of 859 relevant articles were identified in the Web of Science with an increasing trend. USA and China were the leading countries in this field, accounting for 71.59% of publications in total. Harvard University was the most influential institution. Arthritis Research & Therapy was the most active journal. Primary topics in this field focused on estimating the risk of developing RA, diagnosing RA using sensor, clinical, imaging and omics data, identifying the phenotype of RA patients using electronic health records, predicting treatment response, tracking the progression of the disease and predicting prognosis and developing new drugs. Machine learning and deep learning algorithms were the recent research hotspots and trends in this field. AI has potential applications in various fields of RA, including the risk assessment, screening, early diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis determination, achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes and new drug development for RA patients. Incorporating machine learning and deep learning algorithms into real-world clinical practice will be a future research hotspot and trend for AI in RA. Extensive collaboration to improve model maturity and robustness will be a critical step in the advancement of AI in healthcare

Artemisia pollen allergy in China : Component-resolved diagnosis reveals allergic asthma patients have significant multiple allergen sensitization

Background: Artemisia pollen allergy is a major cause of asthma in Northern China. Possible associations between IgE responses to Artemisia allergen components and clinical phenotypes have not yet been evaluated. This study was to establish sensitization patterns of four Artemisia allergens and possible associations with demographic characteristics and clinical phenotypes in three areas of China. Methods: Two hundred and forty patients allergic to Artemisia pollen were examined, 178 from Shanxi and 30 from Shandong Provinces in Northern China, and 32 from Yunnan Province in Southwestern China. Allergic asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and eczema symptoms were diagnosed. All patients sera were tested by ImmunoCAP with mugwort pollen extract and the natural components nArt v 1, nArt ar 2, nArt v 3, and nArt an 7. Results: The frequency of sensitization and the IgE levels of the four components in Artemisia allergic patients from Southwestern China were significantly lower than in those from the North. Art v 1 and Art an 7 were the most frequently recognized allergens (84% and 87%, respectively), followed by Art v 3 (66%) and Art ar 2 (48%). Patients from Northern China were more likely to have allergic asthma (50%) than patients from Southwestern China (3%), and being sensitized to more than two allergens increased the risk of allergic asthma, in which cosensitization to three major allergens Art v 1, Art v 3, and Art an 7 is prominent. Conclusions: Componentresolved diagnosis of Chinese Artemisia pollenallergic patients helps assess the potential risk of mugwortassociated allergic asthma.(VLID)329956

Cytological and Proteomic Analysis of Ginkgo biloba Pollen Intine

The pollen intine plays important roles in pollen germination and tube growth, but related information in Ginkgo biloba remains unclear. We isolated and obtained de-exined pollen from G. biloba. Using fluorescent probes, we observed the strongest cellulose fluorescence in the pollen intine. De-esterified pectin immunolabeled with JIM5 was present throughout the entire cell wall, whereas esterified pectin recognized by the monoclonal antibody JIM7 was concentrated in some regions. Callose staining with aniline blue was observed across the entire surface of the pollen intine. These results were confirmed by Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) analysis. We also used proteomic approaches to identify different proteins between mature and de-exined pollen (48 h after hydration) in vitro. Based on mass spectrometry, de-exined pollen had more proteins than mature pollen, including calmodulin, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, β-galactosidase 6, and class IV chitinase. According to Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the differentially expressed proteins were mainly associated with transportation, defense reaction, sugar metabolism, energy metabolism, signal transduction, and cell wall formation. These findings suggest that most proteins involved in pollen germination and pollen tube growth are synthesized during pollen hydration, indicating the important role of pollen hydration in the reproductive process of G. Biloba

Forest understory vegetation study: current status and future trends

Understory vegetation accounts for a large proportion of floral diversity. It provides various ecosystem functions and services, such as productivity, nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition and ecosystem self-regeneration. This review summarizes the available literature on the current status and progress of the ten most studied branches of understory vegetation on both its structural and functional aspects based on global climate change and forest management practices. Future research directions and priorities for each branch is suggested, where understory vegetation in response to the interplay of multiple environmental factors and its long-term monitoring using ground-based surveys combined with more efficient modern techniques is highlighted, although the critical role of understory vegetation in ecosystem processes individually verified in the context of management practices or climate changes have been extensively investigated. In summary, this review provides insights into the effective management of the regeneration and restoration of forest ecosystems, as well as the maintenance of ecosystem multilevel structures, spatial patterns, and ecological functions

MicroRNA-21 inhibits Serpini1, a gene with novel tumour suppressive effects in gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: A thorough understanding of gastric cancer at the molecular level is urgently needed. One prominent oncogenic microRNA, miR-21, was previously reported to be upregulated in gastric cancer. METHODS: We performed an unbiased search for downstream messenger RNA targets of miR-21, based on miR-21 dysregulation, by using human tissue specimens and the MKN-28 human gastric carcinoma cell line. Molecular techniques include microRNA microarrays, cDNA microarrays, qRT-PCR for miR and mRNA expression, transfection of MKN-28 with miR-21 inhibitor or Serpini1 followed by Western blotting, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: This search identified Serpini1 as a putative miR-21 target. Luciferase assays demonstrated direct interaction between miR-21 and Serpini1 3’UTR. MiR-21 and Serpini1 expression levels were inversely correlated in a subgroup of gastric cancers, suggesting a regulatory mechanism that included both of these molecules. Furthermore, Serpini1 induced growth retardation of MKN28 and induced vigorous G1/S arrest suggesting its potential tumour-suppressive function in the stomach. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these data suggest that in a subgroup of gastric cancers, miR-21 is upregulated, inducing downregulation of Serpini1, which in turn releases the G1-S transition checkpoint, with the end result being increased tumour growth