Effective Field Theory of Gravity: Leading Quantum Gravitational Corrections to Newtons and Coulombs Law

In this paper we consider general relativity and its combination with scalar quantum electrodynamics (QED) as an effective quantum field theory at energies well below the Planck scale. This enables us to compute the one-loop quantum corrections to the Newton and Coulomb potential induced by the combination of graviton and photon fluctuations. We derive the relevant Feynman rules and compute the nonanalytical contributions to the one-loop scattering matrix for charged scalars in the nonrelativistic limit. In particular, we derive the post-Newtonian corrections of order $Gm/\text c^2 r$ from general relativity and the genuine quantum corrections of order $G\hbar/\text c^3 r^2$.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figure

Preliminary results of fisheries investigation associated with Skylab-3

The author has identified the following significant results. This investigation is to establish the feasibility of utilizing remotely sensed data acquired from aircraft and satellite platforms to provide information concerning the distribution and abundance of oceanic gamefish. Data from the test area in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico has made possible the identification of fisheries significant environmental parameters for white marlin. Predictive models based on catch data and surface truth information have been developed and have demonstrated potential for reducing search significantly by identifying areas which have a high probability of being productive. Three of the parameters utilized by the model, chlorophyll-a, sea surface temperature, and turbidity have been inferred from aircraft sensor data. Cloud cover and delayed receipt have inhibited the use of Skylab data. The first step toward establishing the feasibility of utilizing remotely sensed data to assess amd monitor the distribution of ocean gamefish has been taken with the successful identification of fisheries significant oceanographic parameters and the demonstration of the capability of measuring most of these parameters remotely

Safety Performance Evaluation of the Steel Backed Wood Rail to Bridge Rail Transition

The safety performance of the Steel Backed Wood Rail to Bridge Rail Transition was evaluated as part of the federally sponsored Guardrail Testing Program II. During this evaluation, which included 5 full-scale vehicle crash tests, a number of modifications were made to improve the safety of the system. The tests were conducted, reported, and evaluated in accordance with requirements specified for guardrail to bridge rail transitions in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report No. 230, Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Appurtenances. Upon implementation of the design changes described herein, the performance of the Steel Backed Wood Rail to Bridge Rail Transition was determined to be acceptable according to these guidelines

A PRELIMINARY FEASIBILITY FOR ESTABLISHING A MULTI-SPECIES MEAT PROCESSING PLANT IN SOUTHWESTERN NORTH DAKOTA

The number of small commodity livestock slaughter plants in the Upper Northern Plains region continues to decline. Significant factors contributing to this decline include: 1) pressure to consolidate, thereby capturing economies of scale; 2) relatively stringent federal inspection specifications, along with; 3) HACCP (Hazardous Analysis Critical Control Points) requirements. At the same time, consumer demand (markets) for specialty, selected, and exotic meats appears to be growing. For example, the recent market successes in Europe evidenced by the North American Bison Cooperative based in New Rockford, North Dakota. Several alternative livestock producer groups have emerged which include lamb, ratite, elk, deer, goat, poultry, rabbit, specialty beef, and organic livestock. These groups have expressed a need for slaughter and processing facilities to meet market demand. The economic question which then becomes foremost to developing a viable business enterprise is: "What is the critical threshold volume (CTV) of product required to succeed in terms of economic profit?" Specialty livestock is relatively new and production volume small in comparison to established commodity livestock such as cattle or hogs. This fact led researchers to consider the preliminary feasibility of a multi-species processing facility as a means of addressing the expressed need.multi-species, specialty meats, specialty livestock, alternative livestock, economies of scale, HACCP (Hazardous Analysis Critical Control Points), slaughter plants, processing plants, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Agribusiness,

Demographics and presenting clinical features of childhood systemic lupus erythematosus

Objectives: To review the presentation and characteristics of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods: The records of children with sufficient American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for SLE treated by the renal units of the Johannesburg and Chris Hani Baragwanath hospitals, and the arthritis clinic of the Johannesburg Hospital between January 1974 and March 2000 were reviewed. The clinical presentation, age distribution and race were examined.Results: A total of 36 children met the criteria. There were 26 girls and 10 boys, with a mean age of 11.5 and 10.2 years respectively. The male-to-female ratio was 1:2.6 overall, with a ratio of 1:1.2 under 10 years and 1:4 over 10 years. There were 15 white, 2 Indian and 5 coloured patients. The 14 black patients all presented after 1986. Rashes were found to be the commonest clinical feature present at the time of diagnosis, followed by polyarthritis and renal pathology. Constitutional symptoms were common, as were generalised lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly, while neurological, pulmonary and cardiac signs and symptoms were less common. Renal disease was present in 58% of patients on presentation.Conclusion: There is a diverse array of presenting features in childhood SLE. There has been increased recognition of the disease in young black South Africans since 1986.Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa Vol. 10(2) 2005: 64-6

Child Custody Evaluators’ Beliefs About Domestic Abuse Allegations: Their Relationship to Evaluator Demographics, Background, Domestic Violence Knowledge and Custody- Visitation Recommendations

U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice. Award Number: 2007-WG-BX-0013Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92472/1/Saunders-Faller-Tolman 2011 Custody evaluator beliefs about domestic abuse - NIJ Final Report-NCJRS 238891.pd

Time-Delay Interferometry

Equal-arm interferometric detectors of gravitational radiation allow phase measurements many orders of magnitude below the intrinsic phase stability of the laser injecting light into their arms. This is because the noise in the laser light is common to both arms, experiencing exactly the same delay, and thus cancels when it is differenced at the photo detector. In this situation, much lower level secondary noises then set overall performance. If, however, the two arms have different lengths (as will necessarily be the case with space-borne interferometers), the laser noise experiences different delays in the two arms and will hence not directly cancel at the detector. In order to solve this problem, a technique involving heterodyne interferometry with unequal arm lengths and independent phase-difference readouts has been proposed. It relies on properly time-shifting and linearly combining independent Doppler measurements, and for this reason it has been called Time-Delay Interferometry (or TDI). This article provides an overview of the theory and mathematical foundations of TDI as it will be implemented by the forthcoming space-based interferometers such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission. We have purposely left out from this first version of our ``Living Review'' article on TDI all the results of more practical and experimental nature, as well as all the aspects of TDI that the data analysts will need to account for when analyzing the LISA TDI data combinations. Our forthcoming ``second edition'' of this review paper will include these topics.Comment: 51 pages, 11 figures. To appear in: Living Reviews. Added conten

Safety Performance Evaluation of the George Washington Memorial Parkway Bridge Rail

Three full-scale crash tests were conducted on the George Washington Memorial Parkway bridge rail. The bridge rail is constructed with three steel tube rails supported by steel posts spaced on 7 ft. 9.5 in. (2.38 m) centers, and mounted on an 8 in. (20.3 cm.) curb. The first test consisted of an 1850 Ib (839 kg) minicompact car impacting at a speed of 54.4 mph (87.5 km/h) and an angle of 21.0 degrees. Following an unsuccessful test, the bridge rail was redesigned. The rail was first retested using a 1750 Ib (794 kg) minicompact car which impacted at 52.6 mph (84.7 km/h) and 22.6 degrees. This test passed the required safety criteria, so the final test was conducted with a 5400 Ib pickup truck impacting at 46.6 mph (73.5 km/h) and 22.7 degrees. The tests were evaluated according to the performance level I (PL-I) criteria for bridge railings presented in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Guide Specifications for Bridge Railings. They were conducted and reported in accordance with requirements specified in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report No. 230, Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Appurtenances. The performance of the George Washington Memorial Parkway bridge rail was determined to be acceptable according to the AASHTO PL-1 guidelines

Beliefs and Recommendations Regarding Child Custody and Visitation in Cases Involving Domestic Violence A Comparison of Professionals in Different Roles

Research is lacking on differing perspectives regarding custody cases involving domestic violence (DV). In a survey of judges, legal aid attorneys, private attorneys, DV program workers, and child custody evaluators (n = 1,187), judges, private attorneys, and evaluators were more likely to believe that mothers make false DV allegations and alienate their children. In response to a vignette, evaluators and private attorneys were most likely to recommend joint custody and least likely to recommend sole custody to the survivor. Legal aid attorneys and DV workers were similar on many variables. Gender, DV knowledge, and knowing victims explained many group differences.This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Justice, 2007-WG-BX-0013.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116619/1/Saunders-Faller-Tolman 2015 Comparison of Professionals re Beliefs about DV & Cutsody - Violence Against Women.pdfDescription of Saunders-Faller-Tolman 2015 Comparison of Professionals re Beliefs about DV & Cutsody - Violence Against Women.pdf : Articl