10,037 research outputs found
Spin Coherence During Optical Excitation of a Single NV Center in Diamond
We examine the quantum spin state of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in
diamond at room temperature as it makes a transition from the orbital
ground-state (GS) to the orbital excited-state (ES) during non-resonant optical
excitation. While the fluorescence read-out of NV-center spins relies on
conservation of the longitudinal spin projection during optical excitation, the
question of quantum phase preservation has not been examined. Using Ramsey
measurements and quantum process tomography, we establish limits on NV center
spin decoherence induced during optical excitation. Treating the optical
excitation and ES spin precession as a quantum process, we measure a process
fidelity of F=0.87\pm0.03, which includes ES spin dephasing during measurement.
Extrapolation to the moment of optical excitation yields F\approx0.95. This
result demonstrates that ES spin interactions may be used as a resource for
quantum control because the quantum spin state can survive incoherent orbital
transitions.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Canister closing device Patent
Design and characteristics of device for closing canisters under high vacuum condition
CP Tagged Decays at SuperBaBar
We explore the possibility of measuring the CKM parameter gamma using CP
tagged decays at a very high luminosity e+e- B Factory. A new collider capable
of integrating as much as 10 inverse attobarns per year is being discussed as a
possible future for SLAC beyond the current PEP-II program, and could also be
in the future of KEK. In two years of operation, it could be possible for a
successor to BaBar or Belle to accumulate a sample of one million CP tagged B
decays. We find that a theoretically clean extraction of gamma with uncertainty
less than 5 degrees may be achievable in the analysis of such a data set.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures; minimal revisions for version to appear in
Physical Review D, all formulas and conclusions unchange
Omega_{ccc} production via fragmentation at LHC
In the framework of the leading order of perturbative QCD and the
nonrelativistic quark-diquark model of baryons we have obtained fragmentation
function for c-quark to split into Omega_{ccc} baryon. It is shown that at LHC
one can expect 3.5 10^3 events with Omega_{ccc} at p_t>5 GeV/c and -1<y<1 per
year.Comment: LaTex, 5 pages and 2 figures. Talk presented at XIV Workshop on High
Energy Physics and Quantum Field Theory, Moscow, May 27 - June 4, 199
A relativistic chiral quark model for pseudoscalar emission from heavy mesons
The amplitudes for one-pion mediated transitions between heavy meson excited
states are obtained in the framework of the relativistic chiral quark model.
The effective coupling constants to pions and the decay widths of excited heavy
mesons with l<=2 for non-radially excited, and the l=0 radially excited mesons
are presented for both charmed and beauty mesons. We also discuss the allowed
decays of strange excited heavy mesons by emission of a K-meson.Comment: 20 pages, revte
Phenomenological Study of Strong Decays of Heavy Hadrons in Heavy Quark Effective Theory
The application of the tensor formalism of the heavy quark effective theory
(HQET) at leading order to strong decays of heavy hadrons is presented.
Comparisons between experimental and theoretical predictions of ratios of decay
rates for B mesons, D mesons and kaons are given. The application of HQET to
strange mesons presents some encouraging results. The spin-flavor symmetry is
used to predict some decay rates that have not yet been measured.Comment: 10 page
Cloaking dielectric spherical objects by a shell of metallic nanoparticles
We show that dielectric spheres can be cloaked by a shell of amorphously
arranged metallic nanoparticles. The shell represents an artificial medium with
tunable effective properties that can be adjusted such that the scattered
signals of shell and sphere almost cancel each other. We provide an analytical
model for the cloak design and prove numerically that the cloak operates as
desired. We show that more than 70% of the scattered signal of the sphere can
be suppressed at the design wavelength. Advantages and disadvantages of such a
cloak when compared to other implementations are disclosed.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
Capacity of different cell types to stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor cells in the presence of interleukin 2
Plastic-adherent cells enriched for dendritic cells (AC) were found to be among the most potent stimulator cells for the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in vitro in the presence of interleukin 2 (IL 2) and a constant second set of allogeneic stimulator cells. Concanavalin A-activated nylon wool-nonadherent spleen cells ( CNWT ), concanavalin A-activated unfractionated spleen cells ( Cspl ), and some variants of the ESb T lymphoma line were equally effective as stimulator cells, however, and provoked a substantial cytotoxic response at concentrations of 10(4) cells per culture or less. In contrast, nonactivated nylon wool-nonadherent spleen cells ( NWT ) or unfractionated spleen cells (Spl) and cells of the P815 mastocytoma, the Meth A fibrosarcoma, and the T cell lymphomas Ly 5178 Eb and ESb did not stimulate cytotoxic responses at these cell concentrations. The strong stimulatory potential of the Cspl preparation was reduced by treatment with anti-Thy-1 antibody plus complement, whereas the stimulatory activity of the AC preparation was resistant to this treatment. All cell types tested expressed class I major histocompatibility antigens. Nonactivated NWT cells, in contrast to the CNWT preparation, showed no detectable staining with anti-I-E or anti-I-A antibodies and also a slightly weaker staining with class I antisera. Experiments with the tumor cell lines revealed, however, that there was no strict correlation between stimulatory potential and density of class I alloantigens or the expression of I-E determinants. Experiments on primary cytotoxic responses in vivo gave similar results. Experiments in cultures with a single set of stimulator cells and I region-compatible responder cells indicated that AC and Cspl or CNWT also have a markedly stronger capacity than NWT to induce IL 2-dependent DNA synthesis
Critical points and resonance of hyperplane arrangements
If F is a master function corresponding to a hyperplane arrangement A and a
collection of weights y, we investigate the relationship between the critical
set of F, the variety defined by the vanishing of the one-form w = d log F, and
the resonance of y. For arrangements satisfying certain conditions, we show
that if y is resonant in dimension p, then the critical set of F has
codimension at most p. These include all free arrangements and all rank 3
arrangements.Comment: revised version, Canadian Journal of Mathematics, to appea
DNA methylation age is accelerated in alcohol dependence.
Alcohol dependence (ALC) is a chronic, relapsing disorder that increases the burden of chronic disease and significantly contributes to numerous premature deaths each year. Previous research suggests that chronic, heavy alcohol consumption is associated with differential DNA methylation patterns. In addition, DNA methylation levels at certain CpG sites have been correlated with age. We used an epigenetic clock to investigate the potential role of excessive alcohol consumption in epigenetic aging. We explored this question in five independent cohorts, including DNA methylation data derived from datasets from blood (n = 129, n = 329), liver (n = 92, n = 49), and postmortem prefrontal cortex (n = 46). One blood dataset and one liver tissue dataset of individuals with ALC exhibited positive age acceleration (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0069, respectively), whereas the other blood and liver tissue datasets both exhibited trends of positive age acceleration that were not significant (p = 0.83 and p = 0.57, respectively). Prefrontal cortex tissue exhibited a trend of negative age acceleration (p = 0.19). These results suggest that excessive alcohol consumption may be associated with epigenetic aging in a tissue-specific manner and warrants further investigation using multiple tissue samples from the same individuals
- …