AB0901 PREVALENCE OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN ITALIAN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN ACCORDING TO DEFRA ALGORITHM

Background:Osteoporosis is a recognized health problem and the burden of the disease is mostly associated with the occurrence of hip and vertebral fracture.Objectives:This study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of osteoporosis in Italian postmenopausal women, defined by DeFRA calculation as a 10 years fracture risk equal or higher than 20%.Methods:This is a monocenter cohort study evaluating 1850 post-menopausal women aged 50 years and older. All the participants were evaluated as far as anthropometrics. Defra questionnaire was administered and calculated with bone mineral density (DXA) measured at lumbar spine and femoral neck.Results:The prevalence of osteoporosis as assessed by DeFRA was 29.8% in the whole population, according to literature. The frequency of a risk fracture equal or higher than 20% varied from 7.9% in the group aged 50-59 years to 35% in subjects aged >80. Among clinical risk factors for fracture, the presence of a previous fracture (spine primarily) was the most commonly observed.Conclusion:Our data showed that about one third of post-menopausal women aged 50 and older in Italy has osteoporosis on the basis of DeFRA algorithm, with a high 10 years fracture risk. A previous fracture is the most common risk factor. The data should be considered in relation to the need to increase prevention strategies and therapeutic intervention.Disclosure of Interests:None declare

Salud del suelo: en la búsqueda de un indicador biológico de sustentabilidad

Los indicadores de calidad de suelo han sido motivo de numerosas investigaciones en los últimos años. Sin embargo, la complejidad en la interpretación de los resultados de laboratorio dificulta su implementación tanto para los productores como para el asesor. Es por ello que el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el comportamiento de indicadores biológicos de suelo sobre diferentes intensidades de manejo orgánico, con énfasis en el coeficiente metabólico. Se analizó un set de datos provenientes de una investigación multidisciplinaria en establecimientos de producción orgánica agrícola-ganadera donde se compararon lotes de producción con una situación prístina. El coeficiente metabólico es un estimador de la proporción de carbono liberado por unidad de biomasa microbiana. Este indicador demostró ser el más sensible para discriminar entre lotes de producción y situaciones prístinas al ser comparado con los indicadores carbono de la biomasa microbiana, respiración basal, fosfatasa acida y actividad enzimática global. En este trabajo presentamos algunas pautas para su interpretación y aplicación.The soil quality indicators have been the subject of much research in recent years. However, the complexity in interpreting laboratory results difficult to implement for farmers and adviser. Is for this that the objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of biological indicators of soil on different intensities of organic management, with emphasis on the metabolic rate. It was analyzed a data set from a multidisciplinary research in agricultural and livestock establishments of organic production where production batches were compared with a pristine state. The metabolic rate is an estimate of the proportion of carbon released per unit of microbial biomass. This indicator proved to be the most sensitive to discriminate between production batches and pristine situation when compared with indicators of carbon microbial biomass, basal respiration, acid phosphatase enzyme activity and enzyme activity overall situations. We present some guidelines for its interpretation and application.Eje: A1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Trabajos científicos).Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Hydrogeological conceptual model of a highly impacted watershed: the case study of Oglio river (n Italy)

Oglio River watershed, Italy, water bodies, TANGRAM, groundwater discharge

Thalamocortical connectivity in experimentally-induced migraine attacks: A pilot study

In this study we used nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine attacks as a translational human disease model. Static and dynamic functional connectivity (FC) analyses were applied to study the associated functional brain changes. A spontaneous migraine-like attack was induced in five episodic migraine (EM) patients using a NTG challenge. Four task-free functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were acquired over the study: baseline, prodromal, full-blown, and recovery. Seed-based correlation analysis (SCA) was applied to fMRI data to assess static FC changes between the thalamus and the rest of the brain. Wavelet coherence analysis (WCA) was applied to test time-varying phase-coherence changes between the thalamus and salience networks (SNs). SCA results showed significantly FC changes between the right thalamus and areas involved in the pain circuits (insula, pons, cerebellum) during the prodromal phase, reaching its maximal alteration during the full-blown phase. WCA showed instead a loss of synchronisation between thalami and SN, mainly occurring during the prodrome and full-blown phases. These findings further support the idea that a temporal change in thalamic function occurs over the experimentally induced phases of NTG-induced headache in migraine patients. Correlation of FC changes with true clinical phases in spontaneous migraine would validate the utility of this model

Single-Cell Analysis of Ploidy and Centrosomes Underscores the Peculiarity of Normal Hepatocytes

Polyploidization is the most well recognized feature of the liver. Yet, a quantitative and behavioral analysis of centrosomes and DNA content in normal hepatocytes has been limited by the technical challenges of methods available. By using a novel approach employing FISH for chromosomes 18, X and Y we provide, for the first time, a detailed analysis of DNA copies during physiological development in the liver at single cell level. We demonstrate that aneuploidy and unbalanced DNA content in binucleated hepatocytes are common features in normal adult liver. Despite the common belief that hepatocytes contain 1, 2 or no more than 4 centrosomes, our double staining for centrosome associated proteins reveals extranumerary centrosomes in a high percentage of cells as early as 15 days of age. We show that in murine liver the period between 15 days and 1.5 months marks the transition from a prevalence of mononucleated cells to up to 75% of binucleated cells. Our data demonstrate that this timing correlates with a switch in centrosomes number. At 15 days the expected 1 or 2 centrosomes converge with several hepatocytes that contain 3 centrosomes; at 1.5 months the percentage of cells with 3 centrosomes decreases concomitantly with the increase of cells with more than 4 centrosomes. Our analysis shows that the extranumerary centrosomes emerge in concomitance with the process of binucleation and polyploidization and maintain α-tubulin nucleation activity. Finally, by integrating interphase FISH and immunofluorescent approaches, we detected an imbalance between centrosome number and DNA content in liver cells that deviates from the equilibrium expected in normal cells. We speculate that these unique features are relevant to the peculiar biological function of liver cells which are continuously challenged by stress, a condition that could predispose to genomic instability

Validation of a microarrays protocol for detection and genotyping isolates of Plum pox virus

A genomic strategy for PPV identification has been recently developed (Pasquini et al., 2008). The method is based on using a 70-mer oligonucleotide DNA microarray chip capable of simultaneously detecting and genotyping PPV strains. Universal and specific probes have been identified and used with a sensitive protocol of hybridization using an indirect fluorescent labelling of cDNA product with cyanine able to enhance the sensitivity of the virus detection avoiding the use of the PCR amplification step. In order to evaluate the protocol fitness for diagnostic use, about 30 samples belonging to a PPV isolates collection, including M, D, EA and C strains, have been used for its validation, that was determined, estimating the performance criteria that include the following parameters: diagnostic sensitivity (D-SN), diagnostic specificity (D-SP) and diagnostic accuracy (D-AC). Keywords: oligonucleotides chip, PPV, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, performance criteri

Propiedades biológicas de suelos Argiudoles y su relación con la producción de batata <i>cv Arapey</i> bajo distintos antecesores en consorcio y monocultivo

En sistemas agroecológicos la conservación de suelos, su calidad, manejo y la caracterización de propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, de modo integral, es un factor clave para rediseñar y planificar el manejo de los cultivos. Un experimento fue implantado con batata en 2011 evaluando diferentes antecesores, comparando monocultivo, barbecho, variedades de maíz (Blanco Duro, Caiano, Azteca), sorgo forrajero (Talero), leguminosas (Canavalia ensiformis, Mucuna cinza) y cultivo de batata (Arapey) consorciada con maíces y leguminosas. Fueron implementados 12 tratamientos en tres bloques (DBCA) con objetivo de conocer en qué medida las variables biológicas, respiración (AB), carbono en biomasa (CBM), coeficientes metabólicos (qCO2), fluoresceína (FDA),fosfatasa (Pasa), glomalinas (PROT) hifas (H) arbúsculos (A) y vesículas (V) de micorrizas permitían diferenciar los antecesores y rendimientos. Todos los años no hubo diferencias estadísticas de rendimientos ha entre batata monocultivo y las consorciadas, sin embargo en 2013 y 2015, la batatas de antecesores barbecho y maíces fueron superior a las monocultivo. Estas últimas presentaron mayores (qCO2), menor FDA y mayor porcentaje de (H) (VE) tanto solas o en consorcio.One experiment was implanted with sweet potato in 2011 evaluating different previous cover crops comparing monoculture, fallow, maize varieties (White Duro, Caiano, Azteca), forage sorghum (Talero), legumes (Canavalia ensiformis, Mucuna cinza) and sweet potato crop (Arapey) associated with corn and legumes. Twelve treatments in three blocks (DBCA) were evaluated to know to what extent biological variables such as respiration (AB), microbial biomass (MBC), metabolic coefficients (qCO2), fluorescein (FDA), phosphatase (Pase), glomalins (PROT) mycorrhizal hyphae (H) arbuscules (A) and vesicles (V), allowed differentiation predecessors and yields. In each year there were no statistical differences between monoculture sweetpotato yields and associated sweetpotato, but in 2013 and 2015, the fallow predecessors sweet potatoes and corn were higher in yield than monoculture. The latter alone or had higher (qCO2), less FDA and higher percentage of (H) (VE).Eje: A1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Trabajos científicos).Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Propiedades biológicas de suelos Argiudoles y su relación con la producción de batata <i>cv Arapey</i> bajo distintos antecesores en consorcio y monocultivo

En sistemas agroecológicos la conservación de suelos, su calidad, manejo y la caracterización de propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, de modo integral, es un factor clave para rediseñar y planificar el manejo de los cultivos. Un experimento fue implantado con batata en 2011 evaluando diferentes antecesores, comparando monocultivo, barbecho, variedades de maíz (Blanco Duro, Caiano, Azteca), sorgo forrajero (Talero), leguminosas (Canavalia ensiformis, Mucuna cinza) y cultivo de batata (Arapey) consorciada con maíces y leguminosas. Fueron implementados 12 tratamientos en tres bloques (DBCA) con objetivo de conocer en qué medida las variables biológicas, respiración (AB), carbono en biomasa (CBM), coeficientes metabólicos (qCO2), fluoresceína (FDA),fosfatasa (Pasa), glomalinas (PROT) hifas (H) arbúsculos (A) y vesículas (V) de micorrizas permitían diferenciar los antecesores y rendimientos. Todos los años no hubo diferencias estadísticas de rendimientos ha entre batata monocultivo y las consorciadas, sin embargo en 2013 y 2015, la batatas de antecesores barbecho y maíces fueron superior a las monocultivo. Estas últimas presentaron mayores (qCO2), menor FDA y mayor porcentaje de (H) (VE) tanto solas o en consorcio.One experiment was implanted with sweet potato in 2011 evaluating different previous cover crops comparing monoculture, fallow, maize varieties (White Duro, Caiano, Azteca), forage sorghum (Talero), legumes (Canavalia ensiformis, Mucuna cinza) and sweet potato crop (Arapey) associated with corn and legumes. Twelve treatments in three blocks (DBCA) were evaluated to know to what extent biological variables such as respiration (AB), microbial biomass (MBC), metabolic coefficients (qCO2), fluorescein (FDA), phosphatase (Pase), glomalins (PROT) mycorrhizal hyphae (H) arbuscules (A) and vesicles (V), allowed differentiation predecessors and yields. In each year there were no statistical differences between monoculture sweetpotato yields and associated sweetpotato, but in 2013 and 2015, the fallow predecessors sweet potatoes and corn were higher in yield than monoculture. The latter alone or had higher (qCO2), less FDA and higher percentage of (H) (VE).Eje: A1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Trabajos científicos).Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Sex Influence on Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Outcomes From a National Multicenter Registry

Introduction: Women are generally underrepresented in trials focusing on aortic aneurysm. Nevertheless, sex-related differences have recently emerged from several studies and registries. The aim of this research was to assess whether sex-related anatomical disparities existed in fenestrated and branched aortic repair candidates and whether these discrepancies could influence endovascular repair outcomes. Methods: Data from all consecutive patients treated during the 2008–2019 period within the Italian Multicenter fenestrated or branched endovascular aortic repair (F/BEVAR) Registry were included in the present study. Propensity matching was performed using a logistic regression model adjusted for demographic data and comorbidities to obtain comparable male and female samples. The selection model led to a final study population of 176 patients (88 women and 88 men) among the total initial cohort of 596. Study endpoints were technical and clinical success, overall survival, aneurysm-related death, and reintervention rates evaluated at 30 days and during follow-up. Results: Twenty-eight patients (15.9%) received urgent/emergent repair. In most of the cases (71.6%), women received treatment for extensive thoracoabdominal pathology (Crawford type I, II, or III aneurysm rather than type IV or juxta-pararenal) versus 46.6% of men (p=0.001). Female patients presented with more challenging iliac accesses with at least one side considered hostile in 27.3% of the cases (vs 13.6% in male patients, p=0.039). Finally, women had significantly smaller visceral vessels. Women had significantly worse operative outcomes, with an 86.2% technical success rate versus 96.6% in the male population (p=0.016). No differences were recorded in terms of 30-day reinterventions between men and women. The 5-year estimate of freedom from late reintervention, according to Kaplan-Meier analysis, was 85.6% in men versus 81.6% in women (p=ns). No aneurysm-related death was recorded during follow-up (median observational time, 23 months [interquartile range, 7–45 months]). Conclusion: Women presented a significantly higher incidence of thoracoabdominal aneurysms, smaller visceral vessels, and more complex iliofemoral accesses, resulting in a significantly lower technical success after F/BEVAR. Further studies assessing sex-related differences are needed to properly determine the impact on outcomes and stratify procedural risks. Clinical Impact: Women are generally underrepresented in trials focusing on aortic aneurysms. Aiming to assess whether sex may affect outcomes after a complex endovascular aortic repair, a propensity score selection was applied to a total population of 596 patients receiving F/BEVAR aortic repair with the Cook platform, matching each treated female patient with a corresponding male patient. Women presented more frequently a thoracoabdominal aneurysm extent, smaller visceral vessels, and complex iliofemoral accesses, resulting in significantly worse operative outcomes, with an 86.2% technical success versus 96.6% (p=0.016). No differences were recorded in terms of short-term and mid-term reinterventions. According to these results, careful and critical assessment should be posed in case of female patients receiving complex aortic repair, especially regarding preoperative anatomical evaluation and clinical selection with appropriate surgical risk stratification

Substantia Nigra Volumetry with 3-T MRI in De Novo and Advanced Parkinson Disease

Background: Magnetization transfer–prepared T1-weighted MRI can depict a hyperintense subregion of the substantia nigra involved in the degeneration process of Parkinson disease. / Purpose: To evaluate quantitative measurement of substantia nigra volume by using MRI to support clinical diagnosis and staging of Parkinson disease. / Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, a high-spatial-resolution magnetization transfer–prepared T1-weighted volumetric sequence was performed with a 3-T MRI machine between January 2014 and October 2015 for participants with de novo Parkinson disease, advanced Parkinson disease, and healthy control participants. A reproducible semiautomatic quantification analysis method that entailed mesencephalic intensity as an internal reference was used for hyperintense substantia nigra volumetry normalized to intracranial volume. A general linear model with age and sex as covariates was used to compare the three groups. / Results: Eighty participants were evaluated: 20 healthy control participants (mean age ± standard deviation, 56 years ± 11; 11 women), 29 participants with de novo Parkinson disease (64 years ± 10; 19 men), and 31 participants with advanced Parkinson disease (60 years ± 9; 16 women). Volumetric measurement of hyperintense substantia nigra from magnetization transfer–prepared T1-weighted MRI helped differentiate healthy control participants from participants with advanced Parkinson disease (mean difference for ipsilateral side, 64 mm3 ± 14, P < .001; mean difference for contralateral side, 109 mm3 ± 14, P < .001) and helped distinguish healthy control participants from participants with de novo Parkinson disease (mean difference for ipsilateral side, 45 mm3 ± 15, P < .01; mean difference for contralateral side, 66 mm3 ± 15, P < .001) and participants with de novo Parkinson disease from those with advanced Parkinson disease (mean difference for ipsilateral side, 20 mm3 ± 13, P = .40; mean difference for contralateral side, 43 mm3 ± 13, P = .004). / Conclusion: Magnetization transfer–prepared T1-weighted MRI volumetry of the substantia nigra helped differentiate the stages of Parkinson disease