A case of Cornelia de Lange syndrome from Sudan

BACKGROUND: Brachmann de Lange syndrome (BDLS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, psychomotor delay, behavioral problems, and malformations of the upper extremities. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we present for the first time a case of BDLS from Sudan, a 7-month-old female infant, who was referred as a case of malnutrition. The patient was from a Sudanese western tribe. Clinical investigation showed that the child was a classical case of BDLS, but with some additional clinical findings not previously reported including crowded ribs and tied tongue. CONCLUSION: Reporting BDLS cases of different ethnic backgrounds could add nuances to the phenotypic description of the syndrome and be helpful in diagnosis

Giant primary adrenal hydatid cyst presenting with arterial hypertension: a case report and review of the literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>A primary hydatid cyst of the adrenal gland is still an exceptional localization. The adrenal gland is an uncommon site even in Morocco, where echinococcal disease is endemic.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report the case of a 64-year-old Moroccan man who presented with the unusual symptom of arterial hypertension associated with left flank pain. Computed tomography showed a cystic mass of his left adrenal gland with daughter cysts filing the lesion (Type III). Despite his negative serology tests, the diagnosis of a hydatid cyst was confirmed on surgical examination. Our patient underwent surgical excision of his left adrenal gland with normalization of blood pressure. No recurrence has occurred after 36 months of follow-up.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>There are two remarkable characteristics of this case report; the first is the unusual location of the cyst, the second is the association of an adrenal hydatid cyst with arterial hypertension, which has rarely been reported in the literature.</p

The COVID-19 pandemic and its global effects on dental practice. An international survey

Objectives A multicentre survey was designed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on dental practice worldwide, estimate the COVID-19 related symptoms/signs, work attitudes and behaviour and the routine use of protective measures and personal protective equipment (PPE). Methods A global survey using a standardized questionnaire with research groups from 36 countries was designed. The questionnaire was developed and pretested during April 2020 and contained three domains: 1) personal data; 2) COVID-19 positive rate and symptoms/signs presumably related to the coronavirus; 3) working conditions and PPE adopted after the outbreak. Countries’ data were grouped by the country positive rate (CPR) during the survey period and by Gross-National-Income per capita. An ordinal multinomial logistic regression model was carried out with COVID-19 self-reported rate referred by dental professionals as dependent variable to assess the association with questionnaire items. Results A total of 52,491 questionnaires were returned with a male/female ratio of 0.63. Out of the total respondents, 7,859 dental professionals (15%) reported symptoms/signs compatible with COVID-19. More than half of the sample (n=27,818; 53%) stated to use FFP2/N95 masks, while 21,558 (41.07%) used eye protection. In the bivariate analysis, CPR and N95/FFP2 were significantly associated (OR=1.80 95%CI=1.60/2.82 and OR=5.20 95%CI=1.44/18.80, respectively), while Gross-National-Income was not statistically associated with CPR (OR=1.09 95%CI=0.97/1.60). The same significant associations were observed in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions Oral health service provision has not been significantly affected by COVID-19, although access to routine dental care was reduced due to country-specific temporary lockdown periods. While the dental profession has been identified at high-risk, the reported rates of COVID-19 for dental professionals were not significantly different to those reported for the general population in each country. These findings may help to better plan oral health care for future pandemic events

In vitro Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell into Insulin-Producing Cells

Adipose or fatty tissue is similar to bone marrow ontogenetically. Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from different types of adipose tissue depots in greater amount than other sources, making them especially suitable for use in regenerative medicine. Adipose tissue was taken from Sudanese donors; the SVF which contains MSCs was isolated using enzymatic and density centrifugation techniques. The AD-MSCs were differentiated to insulin producing cells using three steps protocol. The therapeutic effect of islet β-like cells was determined in vivo using diabetics albino Wister rats. The adherent cells firstly appeared round and spherical in shape, the characteristic shape of MSC was detected after three weeks incubation. The pheno type of these cells showed positives CD34 and CD13 and negatives CD45 and HLADR markers. AD-MSCs were induced into insulin producing cells by a 3-step (15-days) protocol. The differentiated cells were positive for diathizone stain and displayed positive immuno-reactivity to antihuman insulin antibody. Insulin secretion by islet β-like cells in high glucose concentration medium showed positive result with >3.5 u/mlscale reading. The in vivo result of diabetic rats, showed the response in the test group after 24h, one week later the glucose level decreased from 400mg/ dl to 96mg/dl (P=0.021), while in the control group the glucose raised up to 600mg/dl. The AD-MSCs can be differentiated into islet β- like cells in vitro and function as insulin producing cells both in vitro and in vivo, these cells are promising source of stem cells for β- cells regeneration