TPOS2020 : Tropical Pacific Observing System for 2020

This paper presents the new international TPOS2020 project: why it has been established, what are its scientific objectives, its proposed organization, governance, and what the expected outcomes are. It is aiming at informing Coriolis, Mercator Océan, and the operational oceanography communities, all concerned, and involved in generating interest and contributions to the project. Building upon its scientific activities in the Pacific and the surrounding countries, the French community is willing to take an active role in this international project. The TPOS 2020 Project is a focused, finite term project, which began in 2014 and will be completed in 2020. It will evaluate, and where necessary provide guidance, to change all elements that contribute to the Tropical Pacific Observing System (TPOS) based on a modern understanding of tropical Pacific science. Learning lessons from the great success-and finally partial collapse- of the TAO/TRITON array, the project objective is to build a renewed, integrated, internationally-coordinated and sustainable observing system in the Tropical Pacific, meeting both the needs of climate research and operational forecasting systems. The scientific objectives are: - To redesign and refine the TPOS to observe El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and advance scientific understanding of its causes, - To determine the most efficient and effective observational solutions to support prediction systems for ocean, weather and climate services, - To advance understanding of tropical Pacific physical and biogeochemical variability and predictability. TPOS2020 is coordinated by a steering committee with task teams and working groups working on specific aspects of the observing system. Since much of the use and benefit of TPOS data will be achieved through model assimilation and syntheses, the operational modeling centers are considered key partners. The TPOS2020 project also opens partnerships with other global ocean observing communities: the meteorological community, and the coastal and regional ocean communities. TPOS 2020 embraces the integration of complementary sampling technologies; it will consider the different observing system components as an integrated whole, targeting robustness and sustainability, along with a developed governance and coordination

Revisiting the tropical Atlantic western boundary circulation from a 25-year time series of satellite altimetry data

Geostrophic currents derived from altimetry are used to investigate the surface circulation in the Western Tropical Atlantic over the 1998&ndash;2017 period. Using six horizontal sections defined to capture the current branches of the study area, we investigate their respective variations at both seasonal and interannual time-scales as well as the spatial distribution of these variations. Our results show that the central branch of the South Equatorial Current, the North Brazil Current component located south of the equator, the Guyana Current and the northern branch of the South Equatorial Current at 42&deg; W have similar annual cycles, with maxima/minima during boreal winter-spring/October&ndash;November. In contrast, the seasonal cycles of the North Brazil Current branch located between the equator and 7&ndash;8&deg; N, the North Brazil Current retroflected branch and the North Equatorial Countercurrent show maxima/minima during boreal fall/May. West of 42&deg; W, an eastward current is observed between 0&deg;&ndash;2&deg; N, identified as the equatorial extension of the retroflected branch of the North Brazil Current. It is part of a large cyclonic circulation observed between 0&deg;&ndash;6&deg; N and 35&deg;&ndash;45&deg; W during boreal spring. The North Equatorial Countercurrent shows a two-core structure during the second half of the year, when we also observe the two regions where the North Brazil Current retroflects. The latter can be related to the wind stress curl seasonal changes. At interannual scales, depending on which side of the equator, the North Brazil Current exhibits two opposite scenarios related to the tropical Atlantic Meridional Mode phases. The interannual variability of the North Equatorial Countercurrent and of the northern branch of the South Equatorial Current (in terms of both strength and/or latitudinal shift) at 42&deg; W are also associated to the Atlantic Meridional Mode, while they are associated to the zonal mode phases at 32&deg; W.</p

Immunohistochemical expression of Myeloperoxidase in the equine endometrium

editorial reviewe

Robustness of kappa (κ) measurement in low-to-moderate seismicity 1 areas: insight from a site-specific study in Provence, France

International audienc

RESORCE (Reference database for seismic ground motion in Europe)

With the aim of improving seismic ground-motion models in Europe and reducing associated uncertainties, the compilation of a high-quality database of seismic-motion recordings and associated metadata is of primary importance. SIGMA research and development project, devoted to the improvement of seismic hazard estimates, methods and data for France and nearby regions, has been funding the implementation of RESORCE (Reference databaSe fOR seismiC ground-motion in Europe, Akkar et al., 2014)

Report on demo mission and dissemination pathways of obtained data based on different observational platforms

This document describes the deployment of instrumentation in the Eastern tropical Atlantic area and shows the preliminary data acquired