Bibliometric Method for Mapping the State-of-the-Art and Identifying Research Gaps and Trends in Literature: An Essential Instrument to Support the Development of Scientific Projects

Bibliometric analysis is an indispensable statistic tool to map the state of the art in a given area of scientific knowledge and identify essential information for various purposes, such as prospecting research opportunities and substantiating scientific researches. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to present a method of bibliometric analysis for mapping the state of the art and identifying gaps and trends of research. The method encompasses instruments to identify and analyze the scientific performance of articles, authors, institutions, countries, and journals based on the number of citations, to reveal the trends of the field studied through the analysis of keywords, and to identify and cluster scientific gaps from most recent publications. This method enables to expand in a scientific way the boundaries of science by investigating and identifying relevant and avant-garde research topics. It is an essential element that provides researchers means to identify and support paths towards the development of scientific projects

PERCEPTIONS OF NURSES IN BASIC HEALTH UNITS REGARDING THEIR ACTIONS IN CASES OF DEPRESSION

Objective: To understand how nurses deal with depression in basic health units.Method: Qualitative research was carried out in 2020 through an open interview with 15 nurses working in basic health units in a municipality in the Brazilian Midwest region. The interviews were subjected to content analysis.Results: It was possible to see that nurses have multifactorial difficulties in dealing with cases of depression. However, they point out strategies that indicate ways to qualify their clinical practice, such as the importance of professional training and strengthening teamwork, so they are prepared and qualified to offer effective and humanized nursing care to people with depression.Conclusion: Even in the face of the challenges that have arisen, the continuity of nursing actions aimed at patients with depression and other mental disorders is fundamental, especially in contexts with a weakened mental health care network

Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze extract as a source of phenolic compounds in TPS/PBAT active films

There is growing interest in the development of biodegradable packaging materials containing natural antioxidant extracts. In this sense, the use of extracts obtained from agro-industrial byproducts has proved to be a sustainable alternative. In this study, Pinhão extract, a byproduct of Pinhão (Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze) seed consumption, was characterized by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn, demonstrating the presence of eight phenolic compounds, (+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin being the most abundant molecules. TPS/PBAT films containing Pinhão extract were produced by blown extrusion and their properties (tensile properties, thermal characteristics and microstructure) were evaluated in order to determine the effect of the presence of extracts. Results suggested that the interaction between the phenolic compounds of the extract and the polymeric matrix caused the reduction in the crystallinity degree, and an increase in the starch glass transition temperature. The presence of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze extract significantly (p < 0.05) affected the color and opacity of the film. Regarding water vapor permeation, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was detected. However, the water solubility and the contact angle with water (polar solvent) and diiodomethane (non-polar solvent) significantly changed due to the extract addition. Moreover, the Pinhão extract conferred significant antioxidant capacity to the TPS/PBAT films as determined by DPPH, suggesting that this material can be applied as an active packaging material.The authors thank CNPq (Chamada Universal – MCTI/CNPq no. 14/2014, Processo 447768/2014-0), CAPES (Master’s scholarship) and Fundação Araucária (Programa Universal/ Pesquisa Básica e Aplicada 24/2012, protocolo 7334133700514041013) for the financial support and they also thank Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM – UID/EQU/50020/2019 – funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financial support to CIMO (UID/AGR/00690/2019) and to the national funding by FCT, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for L. Barros contracts. The authors are also grateful to FEDER-Interreg España-Portugal programme for financial support through the project 0377_Iberphenol_6_E.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

É possível alcançarmos a blindagem coronária em dentes tratados endodonticamente? – revisão de literatura Is it possible to achieve coronary shielding in endodontically treated teeth? – literature review

Introduction: The coronary shield, known as the intra-orifice barrier, is defined as a placement of a restorative material at the entrance of the root canal orifice after 3mm of gutta-percha and aiming to increase the resistance of the tooth to the fracture in addition to preventing coronary infiltration. Objective: to report and discuss the existing data in the dental literature regarding the materials available to perform the intra-orifice barrier in endodontically treated teethand to indicate if the desired coronary shield is really achievable. Literature review: The materials analyzed were composite resin, glass ionomer cement (CIV), zinc oxide based materials, silver amalgam and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Results: composites of resin and bulkfill / flow in their results when compared with other materials like MTA. Silver amalgam, zinc oxide-based materials, and CIV do not result in terms of intra-orifice barrier. MTA was favorable in relation to microleakage, but did not reinforce a root structure. Conclusion: No material restorer is able to completely protect the infiltrations.However, as conventional composite resins and bulk-fill flow are the materials with the best properties associated with satisfactory results, however, the need for scientific studies comparing the materials used as an intra-orifice barrier.Introduction: The coronary shield, known as the intra-orifice barrier, is defined as a placement of a restorative material at the entrance of the root canal orifice after 3mm of gutta-percha and aiming to increase the resistance of the tooth to the fracture in addition to preventing coronary infiltration. Objective: to report and discuss the existing data in the dental literature regarding the materials available to perform the intra-orifice barrier in endodontically treated teethand to indicate if the desired coronary shield is really achievable. Literature review: The materials analyzed were composite resin, glass ionomer cement (CIV), zinc oxide based materials, silver amalgam and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Results: composites of resin and bulkfill / flow in their results when compared with other materials like MTA. Silver amalgam, zinc oxide-based materials, and CIV do not result in terms of intra-orifice barrier. MTA was favorable in relation to microleakage, but did not reinforce a root structure. Conclusion: No material restorer is able to completely protect the infiltrations.However, as conventional composite resins and bulk-fill flow are the materials with the best properties associated with satisfactory results, however, the need for scientific studies comparing the materials used as an intra-orifice barrier

PERCEPÇÕES DE ENFERMEIROS DE UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE QUANTO A ATUAÇÃO FRENTE AOS CASOS DE DEPRESSÃO

Objetivo: compreender a atuação do profissional enfermeiro frente aos casos de depressão em unidades básicas de saúde.Método: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada no ano de 2020, por meio de entrevista aberta, com 15 enfermeiros atuantes em unidades básicas de saúde de um município da região Centro Oeste brasileira. As entrevistas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo.Resultados: foi possível evidenciar que os enfermeiros possuem dificuldades multifatoriais para atender aos casos de depressão. Entretanto, apontam estratégias que indicam caminhos para qualificar sua prática clínica, como a importância da capacitação profissional e fortalecimento do trabalho em equipe, no intuito que estejam preparados e habilitados para oferecer uma assistência de enfermagem efetiva e humanizada às pessoas com depressão.Conclusão: mesmo diante dos desafios deflagrados, a continuidade das ações de enfermagem direcionadas aos pacientes com depressão e outros transtornos mentais é fundamental principalmente em contextos que possuem uma rede fragilizada no cuidado à saúde mental

PERCEPCIONES DEL PERSONAL DE ENFERMERÍA DE LAS UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SALUD SOBRE SU ACTUACIÓN EN CASOS DE DEPRESIÓN

Objetivo: conocer cómo abordan los enfermeros los casos de depresión en los centros de atención básica de salud.Método: Investigación cualitativa, realizada en 2020, mediante entrevista abierta a 15 enfermeros que trabajan en unidades básicas de salud de un municipio de la región Centro-Oeste de Brasil. Las entrevistas se sometieron a un análisis de contenido.Resultados: Quedó claro que los enfermeros tienen dificultades multifactoriales para tratar los casos de depresión. Sin embargo, señalan estrategias que indican vías para cualificar su práctica clínica, como la importancia de la formación profesional y el refuerzo del trabajo en equipo, para que estén preparadas y cualificadas para ofrecer cuidados de enfermería eficaces y humanizados a las personas con depresión.Conclusión: Incluso ante los retos surgidos, la continuidad de las acciones de enfermería dirigidas a los pacientes con depresión y otros trastornos mentales es fundamental, especialmente en contextos que cuentan con una red de atención a la salud mental debilitada

Avaliação do perfil de expressão de genes relacionados a via de microrna’s e apotose em células neurais infectadas experimentalmente pelo vírus Zika (ZIKV) / Evaluation of the expression of genes related to the microrna's via and apotose in neural cells experimentally infected by Zika Virus (ZIKV)

O vírus zika é um arbovírus transmitido por mosquitos Aedes, com ocorrência descrita juntamente com o aumento da microcefalia em recém nascidos. Tendo em vista a gravidade associada aos casos de microcefalia e outras desordens neurológicas, a Organização Mundial da Saúde chegou a caracterizá-lo como sendo de Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o perfil de expressão de genes que codificam proteínas-chave relacionadas ao microRNA e vias de apoptose em células neurais de roedores da família Muridae infectadas por esse vírus. As células neurais infectadas foram Neuro-2a, e os métodos empregados foram reação quantitativa em cadeia da transcrição reversa-polimerase e bioluminescência. A produção viral e a ativação da caspase-3/7 foram maiores às 96 horas após a infecção, bem como a expressão de genes que codificam Ago1, DGCR8, RIG-I e FAS-L

Immunobiologic and Antiinflammatory Properties of a Bark Extract from Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke

Ampelozizyphus amazonicus is used in the treatment and prevention of malaria. The effect of an aqueous extract from this plant (SART) on the immune response was investigated by measuring immunoglobulin production induced by immunization with the antigen TNP-Ficoll in Plasmodium chabaudi-infected mice. SART treatment increased antigen-specific IgM and IgG levels in TNPFicoll-immunized mice. The B cell response during malarial infection was also modified by SART. There was an increase in total serum IgM and IgG and a decrease in the percentage of splenic plasma cells (CD138+ cells) in P. chabaudi-infected, SART-treated animals. SART (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) and the reference drug dexamethasone (5 mg/kg) were also tested in carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration to the subcutaneous air pouch (SAP). All SART doses significantly reduced leukocyte migration into the SAP. The protein concentration resulting from extravasation into the peritoneum was also significantly reduced. Our data indicate that SART possesses immunomodulatory properties, inducing an in vivo modification of the B lymphocyte response and antiinflammatory properties, which are partly due to a reduction in cell migration and are most likely due to an inhibition of the production of inflammatory mediators. Preliminary HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of SART shows a complex saponin profile with deprotonated molecule [M-H] − ions in the range of m/z 800-1000

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio