Temperature and Metallicity in the Intra-cluster Medium of ABELL 262 observed with Suzaku

We studied the temperature and abundance distributions of intra-cluster medium (ICM) in the Abell 262 cluster of galaxies observed with Suzaku. Abell 262 is a bright, nearby poor cluster with ICM temperature of ~2 keV, thus providing useful information about the connection of ICM properties between groups and clusters of galaxies. The observed spectrum of the central region was well-represented by two temperature models, and the spectra for the outer regions were described by single temperature model. With the XIS instrument, we directly measured not only Si, S, and Fe lines but also O and Mg lines and obtained those abundances to an outer region of ~0.43 r_180 for the first time. We found steep gradients for Mg, Si, S, and Fe abundances, while O showed almost flat abundance distribution. Abundance ratios of alpha-elements to Fe were found to be similar to those of the other clusters and groups. We calculated the number ratio of type II to type Ia supernovae for the ICM enrichment to be 3.0 +- 0.6 within 0.1 r_180, and the value was consistent with those for other clusters and groups. We also calculated metal mass-to-light ratios (MLRs) for Fe, O and Mg (IMLR, OMLR, MMLR) with B-band and K-band luminosities of the member galaxies of Abell 262. The derived MLRs were comparable to those for other clusters with kT = 3-4 keV.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PAS

Advanced bridge monitoring strategies by polarimetric GB-SAR

Use of advanced health monitoring strategies for bridges is essential to provide a comprehensive condition assessment of these structures and ensure their structural integrity. To this purpose, new technologies have been applied in recent years for both static and dynamic assessments offering unprecedented opportunities within the context of risk management and structural analysis. Among these, areal deformation measurement techniques from ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) sensors were successfully applied for continuous monitoring of dynamic and static displacements of bridges [1] [2]. However, a main limitation for the ground-based microwave interferometry is that, as a linear measurement technique, it is difficult to pinpoint the damage location and obtain accurate displacement time-series for bridges [3]. Moreover, it is known that vertical displacements are usually more relevant than horizontal displacements in the dynamic monitoring of bridges, and the GB-SAR interferometry can only provide the line-of-sight (LOS) displacement of the monitored bridge [4]. In this research, we focus on remote monitoring of the dynamic displacement responses of bridges with a polarimetric GB-SAR system. To this purpose, various strategies were used to overcome the existing limitations of this technique. Results from the monitoring of a long-span metallic railway bridge and a reinforced concrete Shinkansen bridge are discussed. The aim of this research is to provide more comprehensive and accurate information for bridge health monitoring using a polarimetric sensor. To this extent, a polarimetric analysis was performed to identify the reflection from the side surface of the bridges. In addition, the information about the polarisation orientation angle and the local incidence angle were processed under the acquisition geometry to calculate the radar look angle. Therefore, the bridge deformation fields in the vertical direction were easily converted using the slant range distances and the corresponding maximum transient vertical deformation was transformed through the LOS deformation while a train passing the bridge

Mapping and assessment of tree roots using ground penetrating radar with low-cost GPS

In this paper, we have presented a methodology combining ground penetrating radar (GPR) and a low-cost GPS receiver for three-dimensional detection of tree roots. This research aims to provide an effective and affordable testing tool to assess the root system of a number of trees. For this purpose, a low-cost GPS receiver was used, which recorded the approximate position of each GPR track, collected with a 500 MHz RAMAC shielded antenna. A dedicated post-processing methodology based on the precise position of the satellite data, satellite clock offsets data, and a local reference Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Earth Observation Network System (GEONET) Station close to the survey site was developed. Firstly, the positioning information of local GEONET stations was used to filter out the errors caused by satellite position error, satellite clock offset, and ionosphere. In addition, the advanced Kalman filter was designed to minimise receiver offset and the multipath error, in order to obtain a high precision position of each GPR track. Kirchhoff migration considering near-field effect was used to identify the three-dimensional distribution of the root. In a later stage, a novel processing scheme was used to detect and clearly map the coarse roots of the investigated tree. A successful case study is proposed, which supports the following premise: the current scheme is an affordable and accurate mapping method of the root system architecture

A pluralidade cultural das lutas indígenas na escola

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014Nosso relato de experência foi um trabalho desenvolvido em uma escola pública de Curitiba, com duas turmas de 9o ano do ensino fundamental II através do Projeto de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), onde oportunizou o conhecimento e a prática das Lutas Indígenas pelos alunos. O objetivo foi o desenvolvimento da pluralidade cultural pelo resgate da cultura indígena. Realizamos um trabalho interdisciplinar entre educação física, artes e históri

Análise de Conglomerados na Técnica do Repertório de Constructos Pessoais

The aim of this preliminary survey is to explore some of the possibilities provided by cluster analysis appliedto the Repertory Grid Technique. Two analysis were performed: The analysis of the elements and the analysis of the constructs,as defined by George Kelly's Personal Construct Theory. The produced dendrograms allowed to make a perceptivemap of the client (woman), helping to find which constructs and structures of constructs are related to her current psychologicalproblems. Results were compared to client's empirical and qualitative evaluations obtained in the clinical setting, providingadditional information that had not been raised by previous diagnostic sessions.Este estudo explorará algumas das possibilidades do uso da análise de conglomerados aplicada à Técnica do Repertório de Constructos Pessoais através de um estudo de caso. Foram realizadas duas análises: a dos elementos e a dos constructos, conforme definidos pela Teoria dos Constructos Pessoais de George Kelly. Os dendrogramas resultantes das análises permitiram traçar um mapa perceptivo da cliente, com vistas a se descobrir quais constructos e estruturas de constructos estão relacionados à sua problemática atual. Os resultados foram comparados às avaliações empíricas e qualitativas da cliente obtidas durante a terapia, revelando informações adicionais não aventadas durante as sessões prévia

Interlayer debonding inspection in airport pavements by MIMO GPR system

The integrity and flatness of airport pavement facilities are important to maintain safe operations of aircrafts. Even a small defect and resulting debris can cause catastrophic accidents and, therefore, anomalies must be accurately detected for the first time before major damage occurs. To this effect, it is necessary to develop a low-cost, efficient, and accurate inspection technology to detect the anomalies in airport concrete pavements. In recent years, non-destructive testing (NDT) methods have been widely used in airport pavement inspection and maintenance due to the provision of reliable and efficient information. Amongst the NDT techniques, GPR can provide optimal resolutions for different applications in civil engineering due to the ultra-wide frequency band configuration [1][2]. However, for the investigation of airport pavement facilities main challenges are how to extract information from the reflections by small anomalies [3][4]. In this research, we used a MIMO GPR system to inspect the interlayer debonding in a large area of an airport pavement. A special set of antenna arrangements of the system can obtain common mid-point (CMP) gathers during a common offset survey simultaneously. The existence of interlayer debonding affects the phase of the reflection signals, and the phase disturbance can be quantified by wavelet transform. Therefore, an advanced approach that uses the average entropy of the wavelet transform parameters in a CMP gathers to detect the interlayer debonding in airport pavements is proposed. The aim of this research is to provide more significant and accurate information for airport pavement inspections using a MIMO GPR system. To this extent, the wavelet entropy analysis is applied to identify the interlayer debonding existed in the shallow region. The proposed approach was then evaluated by field tests on an airport taxiway. The results were validated by on-site coring and demonstrate that the regions with high entropy correspond to the regions where tiny voids occurred. The proposed method has proven potential to detect the interlayer debonding of the pavement model accurately and efficiently

Determining the Hubble constant using Giant extragalactic HII regions and HII galaxies

We report the first results of a long term program aiming to provide accurate independent estimates of the Hubble constant (H0) using the L-sigma distance estimator for Giant extragalactic HII regions (GEHR) and HII galaxies. We have used VLT and Subaru high dispersion spectroscopic observations of a local sample of HII galaxies, identified in the SDSS DR7 catalogue in order to re-define and improve the L(Hbeta)-sigma distance indicator and to determine the Hubble constant. To this end we utilized as local calibration or `anchor' of this correlation, GEHR in nearby galaxies which have accurate distance measurements determined via primary indicators. Using our best sample of 69 nearby HII galaxies and 23 GEHR in 9 galaxies we obtain H0=74.3 +- 3.1 (statistical) +- 2.9 (systematic) km /s Mpc, in excellent agreement with, and independently confirming, the most recent SNe Ia based results.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; Replaces 1203.6222 after referee's suggestions; Accepted by MNRAS Letter

Soluções de alumen na desinfecção de explantes "in vitro" de crisantemo "white polaris" para cultivo

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