Incontro e scontro di culture: i confinati antifascisti a Eboli e ad Aliano

The political confinement was one of the instrument of persecution of the Fascist regime. This paper aims to analyze how this form of limitation of freedom, based on expulsion and isolation, political but also cultural, economic and social, has helped to overcome the concept of border. The political confinement made new relationships between the Antifascists deported and the local population. The famous novel by Carlo Levi "Christ Stopped at Eboli" describes how the men and women sent to Aliano, the town where Carlo Levi was actually imprisoned, transformed punitive experience in an encounter between different cultures, thanks to the contact with the South of Italy. What happened to Eboli, the country of Salerno mentioned in the title? Are there differences between the case of Eboli, Aliano and the South of Italy?Through the analysis of the 250 letters sent by seventy Antifascist confinemented to Eboli and Aliano, we can identify some of the main policy results, economic, cultural and social produced by Fascist political confinement in Eboli and Aliano. The historical record, made by seventy political deported, helped the renewed Italian political class to face a problem known as the "Southern question".

L'Italia nella Grande Guerra. La Mobilitazione Industriale

L'esperienza della Mobilitazione Industriale nei suoi rapporti con le economie e le comunità local

L’occupazione anglo-americana e la ‘questione triestina’: Cinegiornali e documentari italiani del secondo dopoguerra.

Tra il 1945 e il 1954 Trieste e una parte dei territori della Venezia Giulia furono amministrati dall’Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories (AMGOT). La produzione documentaria e cinegiornalistica che racconta quel particolare periodo storico si offre oggi come strumento importante per analizzare e individuare le diverse forme di costruzione di una memoria nazionale condivisa. In particolare, la ricerca pone l’attenzione sui cinegiornali prodotti da La Settimana Incom e Nuova Luce, nonché sui documentari realizzati sotto l’egida dello United States Information Service, con lo scopo di individuare le caratteristiche principali del racconto storico offerto. I testi filmici presi in esame mostrano come, attraverso un processo selettivo e parziale del trascorso storico, venga definito e ridefinito il recente contesto bellico, favorendo un oblio dialogico ed estromettendo dal discorso qualsiasi senso di responsabilità nazionale. Inoltre, la ricostruzione storiografica e narrativa offerta dalle opere oggetto della ricerca se, da un lato, rafforza e promuove l’identità nazionale, dall’altro accentua la contrapposizione politica e ideologica tra il blocco occidentale e i paesi del Patto di Varsavia. In conclusione, la ricerca mostra il ruolo assunto da queste opere nella descrizione delle vicende del confine orientale, evidenziandone la natura politica e sottolineando la funzione svolta dalla produzione audiovisiva del secondo dopoguerra nel promuovere la costruzione di una “memoria istituzionale”

Rare genetic variant burden in DPYD predicts severe fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity risk

Preemptive targeted pharmacogenetic testing of candidate variations in DPYD is currently being used to limit toxicity associated with fluoropyrimidines. The use of innovative next generation sequencing (NGS) approaches could unveil additional rare (minor allele frequency <1%) genetic risk variants. However, their predictive value and management in clinical practice are still controversial, at least partly due to the challenges associated with functional analyses of rare variants. The aim of this study was to define the predictive power of rare DPYD variants burden on the risk of severe fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity. The DPYD coding sequence and untranslated regions were analyzed by NGS in 120 patients developing grade 3-5 (NCI-CTC vs3.0) fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity and 104 matched controls (no-toxicity). The functional impact of rare variants was assessed using two different in silico predictive tools (i.e., Predict2SNP and ADME Prediction Framework) and structural modeling. Plasma concentrations of uracil (U) and dihydrouracil (UH2) were quantified in carriers of the novel variants. Here, we demonstrate that the burden of rare variants was significantly higher in patients with toxicity compared to controls (p = 0.007, Mann-Whitney test). Carriers of at least one rare missense DPYD variant had a 16-fold increased risk in the first cycle and an 11-fold increased risk during the entire course of chemotherapy of developing a severe adverse event compared to controls (p = 0.013 and p = 0.0250, respectively by multinomial regression model). Quantification of plasmatic U/UH2 metabolites and in silico visualization of the encoded protein were consistent with the predicted functional effect for the novel variations. Analysis and consideration of rare variants by DPYD-sequencing could improve prevention of severe toxicity of fluoropyrimidines and improve patients' quality of life