Evaluation of Chemical Composition and Antileishmanial and Antituberculosis Activities of Essential Oils of Piper Species

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-03-01T16:47:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo2_santos_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 555632 bytes, checksum: bd65649fbdb3ef21e200cdd94e3e5cac (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-03-01T16:59:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo2_santos_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 555632 bytes, checksum: bd65649fbdb3ef21e200cdd94e3e5cac (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T16:59:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo2_santos_etal_IOC_2016.pdf: 555632 bytes, checksum: bd65649fbdb3ef21e200cdd94e3e5cac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.UniCesumar. Mestrado em Tecnologias Limpas e Mestrado em Promoção da Saúde. Maringá, PR, Brasil / Instituto Cesumar de Ciências, Tecnologia e Inovação. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Paraná. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitaríssimo. Setor de Ciências Agrárias. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Paraná. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitaríssimo. Setor de Ciências Agrárias. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Maringá, PR, Brasil / Instituto Cesumar de Ciências, Tecnologia e Inovação. Maringá, PR, Brasil.Essential oils from fresh Piperaceae leaves were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and a total of 68 components were identified. Principal components analysis results showed a chemical variability between species, with sesquiterpene compounds predominating in the majority of species analyzed. The composition of the essential oil of Piper mosenii was described for the first time. The cytotoxicity of the essential oils was evaluated in peritoneal macrophages and the oils of P. rivinoides, P. arboretum, and P. aduncum exhibited the highest values, with cytotoxic concentration at 50% (CC50) > 200 µg/mL. Both P. diospyrifolium and P. aduncum displayed activity against Leishmania amazonensis, and were more selective for the parasite than for the macrophages, with a selectivity index (SI) of 2.35 and >5.52, respectively. These SI values were greater than the 1 for the standard drug pentamidine. The antileishmanial activity of the essential oils of P. diospyrifolium and P. aduncum was described for the first time. P. rivinoides, P. cernuum, and P. diospyrifolium displayed moderate activity against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv bacillus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 µg/mL. These results are relevant and suggests their potential for therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, further studies are required to explain the exact mechanism of action of these essential oils

<i>In vitro</i> antioxidant potential and <i>in vivo</i> effects of <i>Schinus terebinthifolia</i> Raddi leaf extract in diabetic rats and determination of chemical composition by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS

<p>The present study investigated the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> antioxidant potential and phytochemical composition of <i>Schinus terebinthifolia</i>, which is widely used in folk medicine for various therapeutic purposes. The <i>in vitro</i> analyses indicated that the hydroethanolic extract (HE) had 312.50 ± 0.50 mg GAE/g of total phenols. It also presented anti-DPPH• and anti-ABTS•⁺ activity, reduced phosphomolybden and metal ions and blocked the bleaching of β-carotene. The HE at concentrations of 3.0 and 2.0 μg/mL had TRAP values of 2.223 ± 0.018 and 1.894 ± 0.026 μM Trolox, respectively. The HE increased the availability of antioxidants in plasma in treated animals <i>in vivo</i>. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS indicated the presence of 11 phenols: cumaric acid, (+)-catechin, myricetin-3-<i>O</i>-glicuronide, kaempferol-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside, myricetin, myricitrin, quercetin, gallic acid, methyl galate, pentagalloyl glucose and ethyl galate. Thus, <i>S. terebinthifolia</i> has potential for the prevention or treatment of diseases that are related to oxidative stress, such as diabetes mellitus.</p