On the spectroscopic detection of periodic plasma flows in loops undergoing thermal non-equilibrium

Context: Long-period intensity pulsations were recently detected in the EUV emission of coronal loops, and have been attributed to cycles of plasma evaporation and condensation driven by thermal non-equilibrium (TNE). Numerical simulations that reproduce this phenomenon also predict the formation of periodic flows of plasma at coronal temperatures along some of the pulsating loops. Aims: In this paper, we aim at detecting these predicted flows of coronal-temperature plasma in pulsating loops. Methods: To this end, we use time series of spatially resolved spectra from the EUV imaging spectrometer (EIS) onboard Hinode, and track the evolution of the Doppler velocity in loops in which intensity pulsations have previously been detected in images of SDO/AIA. Results: We measure signatures of flows that are compatible with the simulations, but only in a fraction of the observed events. We demonstrate that this low detection rate can be explained by line of sight ambiguities, combined with instrumental limitations such as low signal to noise ratio or insufficient cadence.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 16 pages, 16 figure

Dereplication of natural products from complex extracts by regression analysis and molecular networking: case study of redox-active compounds from Viola alba subsp. dehnhardtii

Introduction : In natural product research, bioassay-guided fractionation was previously widely employed but is now judged to be inadequate in terms of time and cost, particularly if only known compounds are ultimately isolated. The development of metabolomics, along with improvements in analytical tools, allows comprehensive metabolite profiling. This enables dereplication to target unknown active compounds early in the purification workflow. Objectives :Starting from an ethanolic extract of violet leaves, this study aims to predict redox active compounds within a complex matrix through an untargeted metabolomics approach and correlation analysis. Methods : Rapid fractionation of crude extracts was carried out followed by multivariate data analysis (MVA) of liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) profiles. In parallel, redox active properties were evaluated by the capacity of the molecules to reduce 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) and superoxide (O2 ·−) radicals using UV–Vis and electron spin resonance spectroscopies (ESR), respectively. A spectral similarity network (molecular networking) was used to highlight clusters involved in the observed redox activities. Results : Dereplication on Viola alba subsp. dehnhardtii highlighted a reproducible pool of redox active molecules. Polyphenols, particularly O-glycosylated coumarins and C-glycosylated flavonoids, were identified and de novo dereplicated through molecular networking. Confirmatory analyses were undertaken by thin layer chromatography (TLC)–DPPH–MS assays and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the most active compounds. Conclusion : Our dereplication strategy allowed the screening of leaf extracts to highlight new biologically active metabolites in few steps with a limited amount of crude material and reduced time-consuming manipulations. This approach could be applied to any kind of natural extract for the study of various biological activities

Determination des activites thermodynamiques du bore et du carbone dans la phase carbure du systeme bore/carbone

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Pathologies oculaires et conseils à l'officine

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Etude du comportement des espèces inorganiques dans une installation de gazéification de la biomasse (condensation des aerosols et dépôts)

L objectif de ce travail est d analyser théoriquement et expérimentalement la condensation des espèces inorganiques dans une installation de gazéification de la biomasse. Lors de la gazéification de la biomasse, des espèces inorganiques sont volatilisées et se condensent lors du refroidissement du gaz de synthèse. Ces espèces sont problématiques pour le procédé et doivent être éliminées avant la synthèse des biocarburants. Une étude thermodynamique a précisé la nature et la répartition des espèces inorganiques qui sont volatilisées lors de la gazéification ainsi que des espèces qui se condensent lors du refroidissement. Un modèle de condensation des aérosols issus de la gazéification de la biomasse a ensuite été construit à partir d une description mathématique des différents phénomènes mis en jeu (nucléation, croissance, agglomération et dépôts) Parallèlement un dispositif expérimental a été mis au point, construit et qualifié. Ce dispositif permet d analyser la condensation d une vapeur de KCl dans un écoulement pouvant comporter des particules de carbone se refroidissant à une vitesse de 1000 K/s. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus ont mis en évidence une nucléation du KCl lors d un refroidissement à 1000 K/s, la condensation de KCl sur les particules de carbone ainsi que le dépôt de KCl et des particules sur les parois. La condensation de KCl provoque une augmentation du diamètre aérodynamique des particules de carbone. La présence de particules dans l écoulement permet de diminuer les dépôts de KCl aux parois de 25% à 40%. La comparaison de calculs simulant les expériences avec les données expérimentales a permis de quantifier les différents phénomènes et de valider le modèle. Enfin, des solutions ont été proposées pour limiter les dépôts de KCl aux parois des échangeurs dans une installation industrielle de gazéification de la biomasseThe aim of this work is to analyse theoretically and experimentally inorganic species conden- sation in a biomass gasification facility. During biomass gasification, some inorganic species are volatilised and then condense when the syngas cools down. These species can spoil the facility and thus have to be removed before the biodiesel synthesis. First, a thermodynamic study descri- bed the nature and distribution of inorganic species either volatilised during biomass gasification or condensed during cooling. Then an aerosol condensation model for biomass gasification has been developed using a mathematical description of the different phenomena involved (nuclea- tion, growth, agglomeration, deposition). Meanwhile, an experimental device (ANACONDA) has been built and qualified. This device was used to analyse KCl condensation on graphite particles as the gas cooled at 1000 K/s. Experimental results showed nucleation of new KCl particles du- ring the cooling, KCl condensation on graphite particles and deposition of KCl and particles on walls. KCl condensation causes an increase in graphite particle aerodynamic diameter. Graphite particles prevent wall deposit of KCl, which decreased from 40% to 25%. From the comparison of simulation and experimental results, the various phenomena could be quantified and the model validated. Finally, the model was used to propose solutions for limiting inorganic deposit on exchanger walls in a biomass-gasification industrial facilityNANCY-INPL-Bib. électronique (545479901) / SudocSudocFranceF

ARC-NUCLÉART – 50 years of radiation conservation of historical objects

Artykuł powstał z okazji 50 rocznicy utworzenia radiacyjnego laboratorium badawczego i profesjonalnej pracowni konserwacji dzieł sztuki ARC-NucleArt (Atelier de Recherche et de Conservation Nucléart). Przypomniano historię tej zasłużonej dla ratowania obiektów historycznych placówki. Jest ona pionierem w zastosowaniu technik radiacyjnych do dezynsekcji, dezynfekcji i konsolidacji. Krótko omówiono zasady wykorzystania promieniowania jonizującego do ratowania zagrożonych insektami, grzybami i bakteriami obiektów archeologicznych i dzieł sztuki. W przeglądzie literaturowym odsyłamy do publikacji podsumowujących światowe badania w zakresie radiacyjnej konserwacji różnych materiałów.The article was created on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the creation of the radiation research laboratory and professional art conservation studio ARC-NucleArt (Atelier de Recherche et de Conservation Nucléart). The history of this institution merited for saving historical objects was recalled. She is a pioneer in the application of radiation techniques for disinfestation, disinfection and consolidation. The principles of using ionizing radiation to rescue archaeological sites and works of art endangered by insects, fungi and bacteria are briefly discussed. In the literature review, we refer to publications summarizing the global research in the field of radiation conservation of very different materials

Hydrogen production from solar-driven biomass gasification in a high-temperature continuously-fed solar reactor

International audienc

Solar Biomass Gasification in Presence of Metal Oxide

International audienc

Solar Biomass Gasification in presence of iron oxide

International audienc

Endocrine effects of lifelong exposure to low-dose depleted uranium on testicular functions in adult rat

Environmental toxicant exposure can induce disorders in sex steroidogenesis during fetal gonad development. Our previous study demonstrated that chronic adult exposure to a supra environmental concentration of depleted uranium (DU) does not impair testicular steroidogenesis in rats. In this study, we investigated the effects of lifelong exposure (embryo – adult) to low-dose DU (40 or 120 mg.L−1) on adult rat testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. A significant content of uranium was detected in testis and epididymis in the DU 120 mg.L−1 group and the assay in epididymal spermatozoa showed a significant content in both groups. No major defect was observed in testicular histology except a decrease in the number of basal vacuoles in the DU groups. Moreover, plasma Follicle-Stimuling Hormone [FSH] and Luteinizing Hormone [LH] levels were increased only in the DU 120 mg.L−1 group and intratesticular estradiol was decreased in both groups. Testosterone level was reduced in plasma and testis in the DU 40 mg.L−1 group. These modulations could be explained by an observed decrease in gene expression of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), and enzymes involved in steroid production and associated signal transduction (StAR, cyp11a1, cyp17a1, 3βhsd, 17βhsd, TGFβ1, AR). Several genes specific to germ cells and cell junctions of the blood-testis barrier were also modulated. In conclusion, these data show that fetal life is a critical window for chronic uranium exposure and that the endocrine activities of low-dose uranium could disrupt steroidogenesis through the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Further investigation should be so useful in subsequent generations to improve risk assessment of uranium exposure