Physicochemical Evaluation And Fatty Acids Profile Of Broiler Chicken Fed Broiler Diets Containing Barley Brewer (hordeum Vulgare) [avaliação Físico-química E Perfil De ácidos Graxos Da Carne De Frangos De Corte Alimentados Com Rações Contendo Cevada Cervejeira (hordeum Vulgare)]

The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and the fatty acids (FA) profile of broiler chicken (breast and thigh/on-thigh) fed diets containing 10 and 20% of barley and a control diet. The FAs were evaluated by gas chromatography. There was not a significant difference (p > 0.05) in the breast chemical composition. In the thigh/on-thigh cut, the ration containing 20% of barley reduced the ashes (p 0.05). As for the ω6/ω3 ratio, the highest one was observed in the 20% barley fed animals, in both cuts, being considered the worst quality. It can be concluded that the 20% barley ration was worse than the others and the 10% barley ration was better than the control ration, especially when considering the saturated FA quantity that was reduced.293495503(2007) História da Agrária, , http://www.agraria.com.br/brasil/pagina.php?menu=comunicacao_noticia &banner=comunicacao&comunicacao_noticia=mostra_noticia&idnoticia =386, AGRARIA - Cooperativa Agrária Mista Entre Rios, Disponível em, Acesso em: DezembroAnderson, J.W., Hanna, T.J., Impact of nondigestible carbohydrates on serum lipoproteins and risk for cardiovascular disease (1999) The Journal of Nutrition, 129 (7), pp. 1475S-1466sFat (Crude) or Ether Extract in Animal Feed (1995) Official methods of analysis of AOAC international, (1), p. 17. , Association of Official Analytical Chemistry - AOAC., In, 16 ed. Arlington, Virginia: Patricia Cunniff, cap. 4(1995) Official Methods of Analysis, , Association of Official Analytical Chemistry - AOAC, 16 ed. Arlington, VAProtein (Crude) in Animal Feed (1995) Official methods of analysis of AOAC international, 1, pp. 7-9. , Association of Official Analytical Chemistry - AOAC, In, Method 976.06 G.H. 16 ed. Arlington, Virginia: Patricia Cunniff, cap. 4Behall, K.M., Scholfield, D.J., Hallfrisch, J., Diets containing barley significantly reduce lipids in mildly hypercholesterolemic men and women (2004) American Journal Clinical of Nutrition, 80 (5), pp. 1185-1193Bertoglio, O., (2006) Avicultura de corte brasileira: Desempenho recente e competitividade internacional, p. 176. , Santa Maria, Dissertação (Mestrado em Integração Latino-Americana.) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSMBou, R., Influence of dietary fat source, α-tocopherol, and ascorbic acid supplementation on sensory quality of dark chicken meat (2001) Poultry Science, 80 (1), pp. 1-8Bragagnolo, N., Aspectos comparativos entre carnes segundo a composição de ácidos graxos e teor de colesterol (2001) Anais, , In: CONFERÊNCIA INTERNACIONAL VIRTUAL SOBRE QUALIDADE DE CARNE SUÍNA, 2, CampinasBragagnolo, N., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Teores de colesterol em carne de frango (1992) Revista Farmácia Bioquímica, 28 (2), pp. 122-131Bragagnolo, N., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Teores de colesterol, lipídios totais e ácidos graxos em cortes de carne suína (2002) Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 22 (1), pp. 98-104Brufau, J., Pérez-Vendrell, A.M., Francesch, M., Papel de la fibra en la alimentación avícola (1994) Anais, pp. 101-105. , In: SIMPÓSIO DE AVICULTURA, SECCION ESPANOLA DE LA ASSOCIACION MUNDIAL DE AVICULTURA CIENTÍFICA, 31, 1994, Pamplona, PamplonaBurger, W.C., Effects of Different Fractions of the Barley Kernel on the Hepatic Lipid Metabolism of Chickens (1982) Lipids, 17 (12), pp. 56-63Camiruaga, M., Respuesta productiva de pollos broilers a la adición de enzimas exógenas a dietas basadas en maíz o triticale (2001) Ciência y Investigación Agraria, 28 (1), pp. 23-36Chouinard, Y., Corneau, L., Barbano, D.M., Conjugated linoleic acids alter milk fatty acid composition and inhibit milk fat secretion in dairy cows (1999) The Journal of Nutrition, 129 (8), pp. 1579-1584Cortinas, L., Fatty Acid Content in Chicken Thigh and Breast as Affected by Dietary Polyunsaturation Level (2004) Poultry Science, 83 (7), pp. 1155-1164Cortinas, L., Influencia del nivel de insaturación dietética sobre el depósito y efecto antioxidante del alfa-tocoferol en muslo de pollo (crudo, cocido y cocido-refrigerado) Proceedings, pp. 141-148. , In: SYMPOSIUM CIENTÍFICO DE AVICULTURA. SECCIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE LA WPSA, 38, 2001, Córdoba, SpainCrespo, N., Esteve-Garcia, E., Dietary fatty acid profile modifiles abdominal fat deposition in broiler chickens (2001) Poultry Science, 80 (1), pp. 71-78Dale, N., Ingredient analysis table: 1996 edition (1996) Feedstuffs, 68 (30), pp. 24-31(1999) Boletim Informativo de Pesquisa - Embrapa Suínos e Aves e Extensão, 8 (12), pp. 1-61. , EMBRAPA. Alimentos para suínosFarfan, J.A., Alimentos que influenciam os níveis de colesterol no organismo (1996) Anais, , In: SEMINÁRIO "COLESTEROL": ANÁLISE, OCORRÊNCIA, REDUÇÃO EM ALIMENTOS E IMPLICAÇÕES NA SAÚDE, Campinas: ITAL(1997) FEED Industry Red Book: Reference & buyers guide, p. 208. , Chaska: ZMAG Publishing IncFerreira, D.F., (1999) Sistema de análise de variância - SISVAR, , Versão 4.6. Lavras: UFLAFonseca, R.A., (1996) Mejora de la utilización de la harina de raíz de mandioca en dietas avícolas mediante aplicación de enzimas, p. 172. , Zaragoza, Tesis (Doctorado en Veterinaria) - Universidad de Zaragoza - UNIZAR(1994) Consultation on Fats and Oils. Fats and Oils in Human Nutrition, , Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization, [S.L]: [s.n.], 1994. (FAO Food & Nutrition Paper, n. 57(2005) Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids, , FOOD and Nutrition Board, Washington, DC: The National Academies PressFrancesch, M., Pérez-Vendrell, A.M., Brufau, J., Effects of cultivar, pelleting and enzyme addition on nutritive value of garley in poultry diets (1994) British Poultry Science, 35 (2), pp. 259-272González-Esquerra, R., Leeson, S., Effects of menhaden oil and flaxseed in broiler diets on sensory quality and lipid composition of poultry meat (2000) British Poultry Science, 41 (1), pp. 481-488Grau, A., Cholesterol oxidation in frozen dark chickenmeat: Influence of dietary fat source, and α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid supplementation (2001) Meat Science, 57 (2), pp. 197-208Grau, A., Oxidative stability of dark chicken meat through frozen storage: Influence of dietary fat and α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid supplementation (2001) Poultry Science, 80 (11), pp. 1630-1642Hartman, L., Lago, R.C.A., Rapid preparation of fatty acids methyl esters (1986) Laboratory Practice, 22 (6), pp. 475-476Hrdinka, C., Effects of dietary fatty acid pattern on melting point and composition of adipose tissues and intramuscular fat of broiler carcasses (1996) Poultry Science, 75 (2), pp. 208-215Hulan, H.W., Omega-3 fatty acid levels and performance of broiler chickens fed redfish meal or redfish oil (1988) Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 68 (2), pp. 533-547Hulbert, A.J., Dietary fats and membrane function: Implications for metabolism and disease (2005) Biological Reviews, 80 (1), pp. 155-169(1985) Normas analíticas: Métodos químicos e físicos para análise de alimentos, 1, pp. 23-58. , INSTITUTO ADOLFO LUTZ, São Paulo: Instituto Adolfo Lutz(2003) Levantamento sistemático da produção agrícola, , http://www.ibge.gov.br, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE, Disponível em, Acesso em: MarçoJunior, C.J., A cadeia da carne de frango: Tensões, desafios e oportunidades (2007) BNDES Setorial, 26, pp. 191-232Keys, A., Anderson, J.T., Grande, F., Serum cholesterol response to changes in the diet. IV Particular Satured fatty acids in the diet (1965) Metabolism, 14 (1), pp. 776-780Ladeira, M.M., Oliveira, R.L., Estratégias nutricionais para melhoria da carcaça bovina (2006) Anais, , In: SIMPÓSIO SOBRE DESAFIOS E NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS NA BOVINOCULTURA DE CORTE. - SIMBOI, 2, 2006, Brasília: Faculdades Integradas - UPISLawrie, R.A., (2004) Ciência da Carne, p. 384. , 6 ed. Porto Alegre: ArtmedLi, J., Effects of fiber intake on the blood pressure, lipids, and heart rate (2004) Nutrition, 20 (11-12), pp. 1003-1007. , In: Goto Kakizaki ratsLopez-Bote, C.J., Dietary vegetable oils and -α-tocopherol reduce lipid oxidation in rabbit muscle (1997) Journal of Nutrition, 127 (6), pp. 1176-1182López-Ferrer, S., N-3 enrichment of chicken meat. 1. Use of very long-chain fatty acids in chicken diets and their influence on meat quality: Fish oil (2001) Poultry Science, 80 (6), pp. 741-752Mahan, L.K., Arlin, M.T., (2005) Alimentos, Nutrição e Dietoterapia, pp. 38-40. , 11 ed. São Paulo: RocaMir, P.S., Conjugated linoleic acid enriched beef production (2004) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79 (6), pp. 1207s-1211sMoore, M.A., Park, C.B., Tsuda, H., Soluble and insoluble fiber influence on cancer development (1998) Critical Review Oncology/ hematology, 27 (3), pp. 229-242(2000) Tópicos em nutrição clínica: Fibras em nutrição enteral, questões contemporâneas, p. 27. , NESTLÉ Nutrition Services, [S.L.]Neves, N.M.S., (1997) Nutrição e doença cardiovascular, p. 109. , Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara KooganNewman, R.E., Dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids alter avian metabolism: Metabolism and abdominal fat deposition (2002) British Journal of Nutrition, 88 (1), pp. 11-18Nwokolo, E., Sim, J., Barley and full-fat canola seed in broiler diets (1989) Poultry Science, 68 (10), pp. 1374-1380Pan, D.A., Storlien, L.H., Dietary lipid profile is a determinant of tissue phospholipid fatty acid composition and rate of weight gain in rats (1993) Journal of Nutrition, 123 (3), pp. 512-519Pariza, M.W., Park, Y., Cook, M.E., The biologically active isomers of conjugated linoleic acid (2001) Progress in Lipid Research, 40 (4), pp. 283-298Perez, J.R.O., Efeito do peso ao abate de cordeiros santa inês e bergamácia sobre o perfil de ácidos graxos, colesterol e propriedades químicas (2002) Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 22 (1), pp. 11-18Pinotto, R.N., de Orini e Paulillo, L.F., A estruturação da rede de empresas processadoras de aves no estado de Santa Catarina: Governança contratual e dependência de recursos (2006) Gestão e Produção, 13 (1), pp. 167-177Qureshi, A.A., Influence of culture filtrate of Trichoderma Viride and barley on lipid metabolism of laying hens (1984) Lipids, 19 (4), pp. 250-257Qureshi, A.A., Regulation of lipid metabolism in chicken liver by dietary cereals (1980) The Journal Nutrition, 110 (3), pp. 388-393Qureshi, A.A., Regulation of lipid metabolism in chicken liver by dietary cereals supplemented with culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride (1980) The Journal Nutrition, 110 (7), pp. 1473-1478Rafaelli, D.R., Análise da qualidade quanto à acidez do óleo de frango utilizado para a fabricação de ração (2001) Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 25 (3), pp. 641-645Ratnayake, W.M.N., Ackman, R.G., Hulan, H.W., Effect of redfish meal enriched diets on the taste and n-3PUFA of 42-day-old broiler chickens (1989) Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture, 49 (1), pp. 59-74Rostagno, H.S., (2000) Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: Composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais, p. 60. , Viçosa: Universidade Federal de ViçosaRuberfroid, M., Dietary fiber, inulin and oligofrutose: A revewcomparing their phisiological efects (1993) Critical Review of Food Science Nutrition, 33 (6), pp. 1303-1348Santini, G.A., Inovações tecnológicas em cadeias agroindustriais: Alguns casos do segmento de processamento de carnes, leite e café (2006) Gestão da Produção, Operações e Sistemas - GEPROS, 1 (3), pp. 1-13Sanz, M., Abdominal fat deposition and fatty acid synthesis are lower and β-oxidation is higher in broiler chickens fed diets containing unsaturated rather than saturated fat (2000) Journal of Nutrition, 130 (12), pp. 3034-3037Souza, S.A.B., Lipids and fatty acids in roasted chickens (1999) Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición, 4 (3), pp. 295-297Souza-Soares, L.A., Siewerdt, F., (2005) Aves e ovos, p. 138. , Pelotas: UFPELTorres, D.M., (2003) Valor nutricional de farelos de arroz suplementados com fitase, determinado por diferentes metodologias com aves, p. 172. , Lavras, Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLATorres, E.A.F.S., Composição centesimal e valor calórico de alimentos de origem animal (2000) Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 20 (2), pp. 145-150(2004) Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos - TACO, p. 114. , UNICAMP, Campinas: NEPA(1999) Nutrient data base for standard reference, , United States Department of Agriculture - USDA. NDB n.10199, Released 13. EUAvan Heerden, S.M., Nutrient Content of South African Chickens (2002) Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15 (1), pp. 47-64Villaverde, C., Total fatty acid quantification as an estimator of total body fat content in broilers fed unsaturated diets (2003) Proceedings, , In: EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON THE QUALITY OF POULTRY MEAT, 16, FranceZardo, A.O., Lima, G.J.M.M., Alimentos para suínos (1999) Boletim Informativo de Pesquisa - Embrapa Suínos e Aves e Extensão, (12). , Ano.

Agrupamento de curvas de progresso de requeima, em tomateiro originado de cruzamento interespecífico

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar curvas de progresso de requeima, em genótipos de tomateiro, e identificar grupos de genótipos resistentes à doença. Foram avaliados 25 híbridos de tomateiro, originados de cruzamentos entre quatro variedades comerciais, um acesso do Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças (BGH), da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), e cinco linhagens F8 (Solanum lycopersicum x Solanum habrochaites), estas últimas selecionadas como fonte de resistência à requeima. As plantas foram inoculadas com uma mistura de esporângios de Phytophthora infestans e, em seguida, foram realizadas seis avaliações quanto à severidade de requeima, a intervalos de três dias. Ajustou-se o modelo exponencial aos dados de percentagem de severidade de requeima, e as estimativas obtidas quanto à incidência inicial da doença (y o) e taxa de progresso da doença (r) foram submetidas à análise de variância multivariada (Manova). As médias dessas estimativas, para cada genótipo, foram submetidas à análise de agrupamento. Observou-se um número ótimo de oito grupos distintos, o que possibilitou identificar genótipos resistentes e suscetíveis. Os híbridos experimentais Ikram x 73 A, Nemo-Netta x 133 A, Ikram x 163 A e Nemo-Netta x 163 A apresentaram a menor taxa de progresso de requeima e, portanto, maior resistência à doença

30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and one anastomosis gastric bypass: a propensity score-matched analysis of the GENEVA data

Background: There is a paucity of data comparing 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). This study aimed to compare the 30-day safety of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. Materials and methods: This analysis utilised data collected from the GENEVA study which was a multicentre observational cohort study of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) in 185 centres across 42 countries between 01/05/2022 and 31/10/2020 during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 30-day complications were categorised according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Patients receiving SG, RYGB, or OAGB were propensity-matched according to baseline characteristics and 30-day complications were compared between groups. Results: In total, 6770 patients (SG 3983; OAGB 702; RYGB 2085) were included in this analysis. Prior to matching, RYGB was associated with highest 30-day complication rate (SG 5.8%; OAGB 7.5%; RYGB 8.0% (p = 0.006)). On multivariate regression modelling, Insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia were associated with increased 30-day complications. Being a non-smoker was associated with reduced complication rates. When compared to SG as a reference category, RYGB, but not OAGB, was associated with an increased rate of 30-day complications. A total of 702 pairs of SG and OAGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 7.3% (n = 51) as compared to 7.5% (n = 53) in the OAGB group (p = 0.68). Similarly, 2085 pairs of SG and RYGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 6.1% (n = 127) as compared to 7.9% (n = 166) in the RYGB group (p = 0.09). And, 702 pairs of OAGB and RYGB were matched. The complication rate in both groups was the same at 7.5 % (n = 53; p = 0.07). Conclusions: This global study found no significant difference in the 30-day morbidity and mortality of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. © 2021, The Author(s)

At-admission prediction of mortality and pulmonary embolism in an international cohort of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 using statistical and machine learning methods

By September 2022, more than 600 million cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported globally, resulting in over 6.5 million deaths. COVID-19 mortality risk estimators are often, however, developed with small unrepresentative samples and with methodological limitations. It is highly important to develop predictive tools for pulmonary embolism (PE) in COVID-19 patients as one of the most severe preventable complications of COVID-19. Early recognition can help provide life-saving targeted anti-coagulation therapy right at admission. Using a dataset of more than 800,000 COVID-19 patients from an international cohort, we propose a cost-sensitive gradient-boosted machine learning model that predicts occurrence of PE and death at admission. Logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models, and Shapley values were used to identify key predictors for PE and death. Our prediction model had a test AUROC of 75.9% and 74.2%, and sensitivities of 67.5% and 72.7% for PE and all-cause mortality respectively on a highly diverse and held-out test set. The PE prediction model was also evaluated on patients in UK and Spain separately with test results of 74.5% AUROC, 63.5% sensitivity and 78.9% AUROC, 95.7% sensitivity. Age, sex, region of admission, comorbidities (chronic cardiac and pulmonary disease, dementia, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, obesity, smoking), and symptoms (any, confusion, chest pain, fatigue, headache, fever, muscle or joint pain, shortness of breath) were the most important clinical predictors at admission. Age, overall presence of symptoms, shortness of breath, and hypertension were found to be key predictors for PE using our extreme gradient boosted model. This analysis based on the, until now, largest global dataset for this set of problems can inform hospital prioritisation policy and guide long term clinical research and decision-making for COVID-19 patients globally. Our machine learning model developed from an international cohort can serve to better regulate hospital risk prioritisation of at-risk patients. © The Author(s) 2024