O ambiente educacional do curso de Graduação em Enfermagem na perspectiva dos estudantes

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o ambiente educacional da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo, na perspectiva do estudante. Método Abordagem quantitativa com desenho exploratório. Participaram do estudo, 176 estudantes que responderam a uma escala Likert, com graduação de 1 a 5 para avaliação do ambiente educacional. Os dados foram submetidos à análise fatorial exploratóriae testes estatísticos inferenciais; a confiabilidade do instrumento foi constatada pelo Alpha de Cronbach. Resultados A análise de dimensionalidade estabeleceu quatro fatores: Suporte à aprendizagem prática, com média de escore 3,64; Atitudes durante a aprendizagem, escore médio 2,92; Clima de aprendizagem, média 3,58 e Fragilidades da aprendizagem com 3,04. Conclusão O fator mais favorável do ambiente foi o Suporte à aprendizagem. As competências atitudinais atingiram escores mais baixos, sugerindo a necessidade de fortalecer esses aspectos durante a graduação

Na+K+ ATPase activity in the rat hippocampus: A study in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy

Biochemical abnormalities have been implicated in possible mechanisms underlying the epileptic phenomena. Some of these alterations include changes in the activity of several enzymes present in epileptic tissues. Systemic administration of pilocarpine in rats induces electrographic and behavioral limbic seizures and status epilepticus, that is followed by a transient seizure-free period (silent period). Finally a chronic phase ensues, characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures (chronic period), that last for the rest of the animal's life. the present work aimed to study the activity of the enzyme Na+ K+ ATPase, in rat hippocampus, during the three phases of this epilepsy model. the enzyme activity was determined at different time points from pilocarpine administration (1 and 24 h of status epilepticus. during the silent and chronic period) using a spectrophotometric assay previously described by Mishra and Delivoria-Papadopoulos [Neurochem. Res. (1988) 13, 765-770]. the results showed decreased enzyme activities during the acute and silent periods and increased Na+ K+ ATPase activity during the chronic phase. These data show that changes in Na+ K+ ATPase activity could be involved in the appearance of spontaneous and recurrent seizures following brain damage induced by pilocarpine injection. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier B.V.Universidade Federal de São Paulo,ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DISCIPLINA NEUROL EXPT,BR-04023900 São Paulo,BRAZILUniversidade Federal de São Paulo,ESCOLA PAULISTA MED,DISCIPLINA NEUROL EXPT,BR-04023900 São Paulo,BRAZILWeb of Scienc

Ensino de Graduação em Enfermagem: a contribuição da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem Enseñanza de Graduación en Enfermería: la contribuición de la Asociación Brasilera de Enfermería Teaching in Undergraduate Nursing: the contribution of Brazilian Nursing Association

O presente estudo apresenta algumas das ações mais relevantes da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem para com o processo de formação da(o) enfermeira(o), no país, contextualizando essas ações com o momento histórico em que elas aconteceram. Nesse sentido, o estudo se constitui, não só, numa produção de conhecimento na área, mas também num elemento de registro da história do ensino de graduação em enfermagem no Brasil, oferecendo instrumentos de análise para a situação atual desse ensino. O texto destaca as contribuições da ABEn no processo de formação da enfermeira, na construção e sustentabilidade das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem.<br>El presente estudio presenta algunas de las acciones más relevantes de la Asociación Brasileña de Enfermería para con el proceso de formación del (de la) enfermero(a), en el país, contextualizando esas acciones con el momento historico en que ellas acontecieron. En ese sentido, el estudio se constituye, no sólo, en una producción de conocimiento en el área, pero también en un elemento de registro de la historia de la enseñanza de graduación en enfermería en el Brasil, ofreciendo instrumentos de análisis para la situación actual de esa enseñanza. El texto señala las contribuciones de la ABEn en el proceso de formación de la enfermería, en la construcción y sustentabilidad de las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales para la Graduación en Enfermería.<br>The present study shows some of the most relevant actions of the Brazilian Association of Nursing in favor of the education process of the nursing professionals in Brazil, contextualizing those actions in the historical moment in which they occurred. In this manner, the study represents not only production of knowledge in the field, but also an element of record of the history of undergraduate nursing teaching in Brazil, offering instruments of analysis of the current situation of this teaching. The text highlights the contributions of the Brazilian Association of Nursing (ABEn) in the education process of the nursing professionals, and in the elaboration and sustainability of the National Curricular Guidelines of the Undergraduate Nursing Course

Pectinolytic complex production by Aspergillus niger URM 4645 using yellow passion fruit peels in solid state fermentation

The activities of endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG), exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), pectin lyase (PL), and pectin methylesterase (PE), produced by Aspergillus niger URM 4645, were studied in solid state fermentation (SSF) using yellow passion fruit peels as substrate. The effect of substrate amount, initial moisture content, and temperature on pectinase production was studied using a full factorial design (2³). Maximum endo-PG, exo-PG, PL, and PE activities were 31.35, 7.98, 551,299.39, and 447.93 U g−1 dry substrate, respectively. Optimum activities of the four enzymes were obtained with 5.0 g of the substrate and an initial moisture content of 30% at 34°C with 96 h of fermentation. Optimum endo-PG activity was found at pH 7.5 at an optimum temperature of 40°C; exo-PG and PL at pH 7.0 at an optimum temperature of 80°C; and PE at pH 3.5 at an optimum temperature of 30°C. Endo-PG was stable at pH 7.0 to 8.0 at 40°C, and exo-PG and PL at pH 6.0 to 8.0 and 6.0 to 7.5, respectively at 60 to 70°C. PE was stable at pH 3.5 to 5.0 at 30 to 60°C. The enzyme production optimization clearly demonstrated the impact of process parameters on the yield of pectinolytic enzymes. Keywords: Aspergillus niger, residue, pectinolytic activities, solid state fermentation, characterization.African Journal of Biotechnology, Vol 13(31) 3313-332