Conservation Agriculture as Practised in Ghana

This case study presents the status of conservation agriculture in Ghana. It is one in a series of eight case studies about conservation agriculture in Africa, which were developed within the framework of a collaboration between CIRAD (French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development), FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), RELMA-in-ICRAF (Regional Land Management Unit of the World Agroforestry Centre) and ACT (African Conservation Tillage Network)

The Hunger Games

Governments and their international agencies (FAO, World Bank) conceive of the eradication of hunger and poverty as a worthy wish that will eventually be realized through economic growth. They also make great cosmetic efforts to present as good-looking trend pictures as they can. Citizens ought to insist that the eradication of severe deprivations is a human rights correlative duty that permits no avoidable delay. Academics ought to collaborate toward providing a systematic alternative monitoring of what progress has really been made against undernourishment and other povertyrelated deprivations

New Approaches to Participation in Fisheries Research

This study was commissioned by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations) and SIFAR (Support Unit for International Fisheries and Aquatic Research) on the recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Fisheries Research (ACFR). It is concerned with research in the context of fisheries development.The ACFR acknowledges that the fisheries sector is faced with serious social and environmental problems and that current approaches to research have their limitations. It is recognised that participatory approaches and methods potentially have a greater role to play in fisheries research. This study aims to explore that potential and to suggest how we might move forward. The main focus of the report is on experiences in developing countries because this is where much of the innovative work in participation in research is being carried out. However, it is acknowledged that there is also much to be learnt from developed world experience

Pass-through of International Food Prices to Domestic Inflation During and After the Great Recession: Evidence from a Set of Latin American Economies

We looked at how international food price shocks have impacted local inflation processes in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru in the past decade. Using impulse-response analysis coming from cointegrated vars, we find that international food inflation shocks take from one to six quarters to pass through to domestic headline inflation, depending on the country. In addition, by calculating the elasticity of local prices to an international food price shock, we found that this pass-through is not complete. We also take a closer look at how this type of shock affects local food and core prices separately, and asses the possibility second round effects over core inflation stemming from the shock. We find that a transmission to headline prices does occur, and that part of the transmission is associated with rising core prices both directly and through possible second round effects, which implies a role for monetary policy when such a shock takes place. This is especially relevant given that international food prices have recently followed an upward trend after falling considerably during the Great Recession.Food inflation, fao food price index, Latin American inflation,second round effects.

PROGRAM PELAYANAN CETAK DOKUMEN LANGSUNG DI DESA KTP-el DI DESA ROKAN KOTO RUANG KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat mengenai efektivitas program Jemput Bola dengan Inovasi Program PECEL DESA di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, serta melihat bagaimana dampak program PECEL DESA dalam meningkatkan kepemilikan dokumen administrasi kependudukan di Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara terhadap sejumlah informan dan dokumentasi. Teknis analisis data pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa program Pecel Desa di Desa Rokan Koto Ruang Kabupaten Rokan Hulu sudah efektif, hal ini dinilai berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip yang dikemukakan oleh Riant Nugroho yakni pada aspek tepat program dimana pada aspek ini diperuntukan kepada masyarakat yang berdomisili jauh dari Ibu Kota Kabupaten untuk memudahkan masyarakat dalam memperoleh pelayanan dan mempersingkat waktu penyelesaian Dokumen Administrasi Kependudukan, selanjutnya aspek tepat pelaksana pada pelaksanaan program tersebut tim pelaksana sudah sesuai dengan SOP yang telah ada, terakhir pada aspek tepat target ini jumlah kepemilikan Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP) elektronik mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 98,12% di Desa Rokan Koto Ruang Kabupaten Rokan Hulu

Antimicrobial Resistance in Human and Animal Pathogens in Zambia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique and Tanzania: An Urgent Need of a Sustainable Surveillance System.

A review of the published and unpublished literature on bacterial resistance in human and animals was performed. Sixty-eight articles/reports from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia were reviewed. The majority of these articles were from Tanzania. There is an increasing trend in the incidence of antibiotic resistance; of major concern is the increase in multidrug- resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholera, non-typhoid Salmonella and other pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections. The increase in methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers in the countries under review confirms the spread of these clones worldwide. Clinical microbiology services in these countries need to be strengthened in order to allow a coordinated surveillance for antimicrobial resistance and provide data for local treatment guidelines and for national policies to control antimicrobial resistance. While the present study does not provide conclusive evidence to associate the increasing trend in antibiotic resistance in humans with the use of antibiotics in animals, either as feed additives or veterinary prescription, we strongly recommend a one-health approach of systematic surveillance across the public and animal health sectors, as well as the adherence to the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization)-OIE (World Organization of animal Health) --WHO(World Health Organization) recommendations for non-human antimicrobial usage