Impact of Enzalutamide on Skeletal Related Events (Sres), Pain and Quality of Life (Qol) in the Prevail Trial

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Multimeric single-domain antibody complexes protect against bunyavirus infections

The World Health Organization has included three bunyaviruses posing an increasing threat to human health on the Blueprint list of viruses likely to cause major epidemics and for which no, or insufficient countermeasures exist. Here, we describe a broadly applicable strategy, based on llama-derived single-domain antibodies (VHHs), for the development of bunyavirus biotherapeutics. The method was validated using the zoonotic Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an emerging pathogen of ruminants, as model pathogens. VHH building blocks were assembled into highly potent neutralizing complexes using bacterial superglue technology. The multimeric complexes were shown to reduce and prevent virus-induced morbidity and mortality in mice upon prophylactic administration. Bispecific molecules engineered to present two different VHHs fused to an Fc domain were further shown to be effective upon therapeutic administration. The presented VHH-based technology holds great promise for the development of bunyavirus antiviral therapies

Electromagnetic soft transition: A method for programming transitions in electronically controlled induction motor drives

Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc

An investigation into the influence of longitudinal creepage on railway squeal noise due to lateral creepage

Curve squeal noise is of growing concern for the railway industry as rail systems become more widespread in densely populated areas. In response to the pressure to minimise environmental pollution, there is a demand for a deeper understanding of the phenomenon and to develop a methodical approach to managing the wheel–rail system. Under curving, the wheel and the rail are subject to creep forces due to relative motion (creepage) within the contact region. In tight curves, these creep forces can cause unstable vibration of the wheel, leading to the radiation of squeal noise. The occurrence and characteristics of this are governed by the configuration of the creepages at the wheel–rail contact, which can have longitudinal, lateral and spin components. It follows that the representation of creepage is important in modelling the mechanisms of squeal noise behaviour. An investigation is presented into how the relationship between lateral creepage and creep force is affected when a component of longitudinal creepage is introduced. A 1:3 scale laboratory test rig has been modified to simulate contact conditions with controlled levels of lateral and longitudinal creepage, and to measure the salient system parameters. The experimental results are presented and discussed here

The mechanisms of curve squeal

Existing curve squeal theory is often contradicted by field observations such as the generation of squeal from the outer wheel (including wheel flange contact), squeal occurring at various wheel natural frequencies, coupled rail vibrations when squealing wheels pass, and the obvious influence of trackform on squeal occurrence and severity. This paper discusses the deficiencies of existing theory and explores an alternative mechanism based on the concept of mode coupling instability which shows a better match with field observations from some sites