1,029 research outputs found
The Stability of One-Step Schemes for First-Order Two-Point Boundary Value Problems
The stability of a finite difference scheme is related explicitly to the stability of the continuous problem being solved. At times, this gives materially better estimates for the stability constant than those obtained by the standard process of appealing to the stability of the numerical scheme for the associated initial value problem
Interconversion of Prony series for relaxation and creep
Various algorithms have been proposed to solve the interconversion equation of linear viscoelasticity when Prony series are used for the relaxation and creep moduli, G(t) and J(t). With respect to a Prony series for G(t), the key step in recovering the corresponding Prony series for J(t) is the determination of the coefficients {jk} of terms in J(t). Here, the need to solve a poorly conditioned matrix equation for the {jk} is circumvented by deriving elementary and easily evaluated analytic formulae for the {jk} in terms of the derivative dG(s)/ds of the Laplace transform G(s) of G(t)
Environmental isolation of black yeast-like fungi involved in human infection
The present study focuses on potential agents of chromoblastomycosis and
other endemic diseases in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil. Using a
highly selective protocol for chaetothyrialean black yeasts and relatives,
environmental samples from the living area of symptomatic patients were
analysed. Additional strains were isolated from creosote-treated wood and
hydrocarbon-polluted environments, as such polluted sites have been supposed
to enhance black yeast prevalence. Isolates showed morphologies compatible
with the traditional etiological agents of chromoblastomycosis, e.g.
Fonsecaea pedrosoi and Phialophora verrucosa, and of agents of
subcutaneous or systemic infections like Cladophialophora bantiana
and Exophiala jeanselmei. Some agents of mild disease were indeed
encountered. However, molecular analysis proved that most environmental
strains differed from known etiologic agents of pronounced disease syndromes:
they belonged to the same order, but mostly were undescribed species. Agents
of chromoblastomycosis and systemic disease thus far are prevalent on the
human host. The hydrocarbon-polluted environments yielded yet another spectrum
of chaetothyrialean fungi. These observations are of great relevance because
they allow us to distinguish between categories of opportunists, indicating
possible differences in pathogenicity and virulence
On the noise-resolution duality, Heisenberg uncertainty and Shannon's information
Several variations of the Heisenberg uncertainty inequality are derived on
the basis of "noise-resolution duality" recently proposed by the authors. The
same approach leads to a related inequality that provides an upper limit for
the information capacity of imaging systems in terms of the number of imaging
quanta (particles) used in the experiment. These results can be useful in the
context of biomedical imaging constrained by the radiation dose delivered to
the sample, or in imaging (e.g. astronomical) problems under "low light"
conditions
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