Immune-Mediated Dermatoses in Patients with Haematological Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review

Haematological malignancies induce important alterations of the immune system, which account for the high frequency of autoimmune complications observed in patients. Cutaneous immune-mediated diseases associated with haematological malignancies encompass a heterogeneous group of dermatoses, including, among others, neutrophilic and eosinophilic dermatoses, autoantibody-mediated skin diseases, vasculitis and granulomatous dermatoses. Some of these diseases, such as paraneoplastic pemphigus, are associated with an increased risk of death; others, such as eosinophilic dermatoses of haematological malignancies, run a benign clinical course but portend a significant negative impairment on a patient's quality of life. In rare cases, the skin eruption reflects immunological alterations associated with an unfavourable prognosis of the associated haematological disorder. Therapeutic management of immune-mediated skin diseases in patients with haematological malignancies is often challenging. Systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs are considered frontline therapies but may considerably augment the risk of serious infections. Indeed, developing a specific targeted therapeutic approach is of crucial importance for this particularly fragile patient population. This review provides an up-to-date overview on the immune-mediated skin diseases most frequently encountered by patients with onco-haematological disorders, discussing new pathogenic advances and therapeutic options on the horizon

IMPROVEMENT OF CANOLA SEED YIELD AND QUALITY USING SULPHUR AND IRRIGATION INTERVALS UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY LEVELS

This investigation was conducted at Hada Elsham Experimental Research Station, King Abdul- Aziz University during 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons, to study the effects of two irrigation water salinity levels (1200 mg/L and 10000 mg/L), three irrigation water intervals (3, 6 and 9 days) and three sulphur fertilizer rates (0.0, 4.0 and 6.0 t/ha) on seed yield, yield components and seed quality of canola, Pactole cv. The obtained results showed that seed yield kg/ha was significantly increased under the 1200mg/L irrigation water and 6t/ha of sulphur more than the seed yield/ha under the effect of 1200 mg/L irrigation water with 4 t/ha sulphur or 10,000 mg/L irrigation water with 6t/ha sulphur with no significant differences between the two later treatments. Irrigation every 3 days significantly dominated over the irrigation every 6 or 9 days on seed yield and yield components. Irrigation with 10.000 mg/L salinity water significantly decreased No. of branches /plant, No. of fruit/plant and seed weight/ plant. Besides, Protein content of the seed as well as oil content increased as water salinity increased in both seasons. As sulphur fertilizer rate increased seed yield, yield components protein and oil contents of seed significantly increased, in the two studied seasons

Developmental Outcome of Low-Birth-Weight Premature Infants

Fetal and extrauterine life form a continuum during which human growth and development are affected by genetic, environmental, and social factors. Perinatal mortality is influenced by prenatal, maternal, and fetal conditions and by circumstances surrounding delivery. The majority of infants' deaths and developmental disorders are due to disorders relating to prematurity and unspecified low birth weight (LBW), as well as maternal complications of pregnancy and congenital malformations (chromosomal and metabolic). Birth weight less than 2500 g (as result of preterm delivery and/or intra uterine growth restriction) is a major cause of both neonatal and infant mortality rates and, together with congenital anomalies (eg. cardiac, central nervous, and respiratory system), contributes significantly to childhood morbidity. Low birth weight is caused by preterm birth, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), or both factors. The predominant cause of LBW in developed countries is preterm birth, whereas in developing countries, the cause is more often IUGR. Although IUGR does not appear to further increase the risk of mortality in preterm infants, both morbidity and mortality are increased in term growth-restricted infants. Infants weghing less than 1500 g are most often premature (<37 weeks of gestation), although IUGR may also complicate the early delivery. Eventhough very low birth weight occurs in only 1-2% of all infants, these births represent a large proportion of the neonatal and infant mortality and infants with both short- and long-term complications, including neurodevelopmental handicaps. At school age, VLBW infants have poorer physical growth, cognitive function, and school performance. These disadvantages appear to persist into adulthood and therefore have broad implications for society. A number of well-designed clinical research studies have demonstrated a powerful interaction between biological and environmental risk and protective factors within the infant and the environment

Chromosomal Rearrangement and Bioinformatic Studies of the Involved Genes in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in SD Rat Strains and Verification of their Syntenic Segments in Human Chromosoms

Abstract: Background & Aims: Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women and has an increasing rate in both developed and developing countries. According to Iranian National Cancer Registration report, breast cancer has the first rank in women. Breast cancer is the major cause of mortality in women under 55 years old. The present study was performed to find the most probable involved genes in breast cancer. Methods: In this work, we have gavaged 10 mg DMBA solved in 0.5 ml sesame oil to the DMBA-treated SD rat strains. Before proceeding to cell culture, samples were verified in pathological and immunohistochemistry approaches, and then we performed metaphase chromosomal preparations and finally performed G-banding staining. The most common chromosomal changes were recorded and genes in affected area were determined and a genes-list by comparing genome of rat and human in chromosomal changed segments were prepared. Results: Our data showed a wide range of numerical and structural changes in different chromosomes. We found recurrently gain in chromosomes no. 1, 3, 9 and loss in chromosomes no. 8 and 15 and also deletion in chromosomes no. 2, 5, 8, 16, 19 and addition in chromosome no. 2, 12 and 19. Conclusion: According to these chromosomal changes and based on bio-informatics studies we predicted that the DAB2, KLF4, HSPA8, CDKN2A, CALB2, HPR, CHFR, ALDH2, AQP3, ABCA1, ALDOB, ASH2L, LSM1, FGFR1, HSPA8, ZFHX3 and SFRP1 are probably involved in the development of breast cancer. Keywords: Breast neoplasms, chromosome Aberrations, Chromosome – banding, DMBA, Rats, Inbred strain

Detection of tomato plant phenotyping traits using YOLOv5-based single stage detectors

Plant phenotyping is the study of complex plant traits to evaluate its status depending on the life-cycle conditions. Often, these evaluations are carried out by human operators, and the accuracy could be biased by their experience and skill, especially when dealing with huge amounts of data produced by high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) platforms. With the rapid development of key enabling technologies, HTP is only made possible by the vast amounts of data made available by computer vision systems. In this scenario, artificial intelligence algorithms play a key role in the automation, standardization, and quantitative analysis of large data. This paper focuses on detecting tomato plants phenotyping traits using single-stage detectors (either stand-alone or ensemble) based on YOLOv5, aiming to effectively identify nodes, fruit, and flowers on a challenging dataset acquired during a stress experiment conducted on multiple tomato genotypes. Results demonstrate that the models achieve relatively high scores, considering the particular challenges of the input images in terms of object size, similarity between objects, and their color

Immune-Mediated Dermatoses in Patients with Haematological Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review

Haematological malignancies induce important alterations of the immune system, which account for the high frequency of autoimmune complications observed in patients. Cutaneous immune-mediated diseases associated with haematological malignancies encompass a heterogeneous group of dermatoses, including, among others, neutrophilic and eosinophilic dermatoses, autoantibody-mediated skin diseases, vasculitis and granulomatous dermatoses. Some of these diseases, such as paraneoplastic pemphigus, are associated with an increased risk of death; others, such as eosinophilic dermatoses of haematological malignancies, run a benign clinical course but portend a significant negative impairment on a patient\u2019s quality of life. In rare cases, the skin eruption reflects immunological alterations associated with an unfavourable prognosis of the associated haematological disorder. Therapeutic management of immune-mediated skin diseases in patients with haematological malignancies is often challenging. Systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs are considered frontline therapies but may considerably augment the risk of serious infections. Indeed, developing a specific targeted therapeutic approach is of crucial importance for this particularly fragile patient population. This review provides an up-to-date overview on the immune-mediated skin diseases most frequently encountered by patients with onco-haematological disorders, discussing new pathogenic advances and therapeutic options on the horizon

Angioedema Masqueraders

Angioedema is a common reason for referral to immunology and allergy specialists. Not all cases are in fact angioedema. There are many conditions that may mimic its appearance, resulting in misdiagnosis. This may happen when a clinician is unfamiliar with conditions resembling angioedema or when there is a low index of clinical suspicion. In this article, we explore a list of differential diagnoses based on body parts, including the lips, the limbs, periorbital tissues, the face, epiglottis and uvula, as well as the genitalia, that may pose as a masquerader even to an experienced eye