Expected characteristics of the subclass of Supernova Gamma-ray Bursts (S-GRBs)

The spatial and temporal coincidence between the gamma-ray burst (GRB) 980425 and supernova (SN) 1998bw has prompted speculation that there exists a class of GRBs produced by SNe (``S-GRBs''). Robust arguments for the existence of a relativistic shock have been presented on the basis of radio observations. A physical model based on the radio observations lead us to propose the following characteristics of supernovae GRBs (S-GRBs): 1) prompt radio emission and implied brightness temperature near or below the inverse Compton limit, 2) high expansion velocity of the optical photosphere as derived from lines widths and energy release larger than usual, 3) no long-lived X-ray afterglow, and 4) a single pulse (SP) GRB profile. Radio studies of previous SNe show that only type Ib and Ic potentially satisfy the first condition. Accordingly we have investigated proposed associations of GRBs and SNe finding no convincing evidence (mainly to paucity of data) to confirm any single connection of a SN with a GRB. If there is a more constraining physical basis for the burst time-history of S-GRBs beyond that of the SP requirement, we suggest the 1% of light curves in the BATSE catalogue similar to that of GRB 980425 may constitute the subclass. Future optical follow-up of bursts with similar profiles should confirm if such GRBs originate from some fraction of SN type Ib/Ic.Comment: 11 pages of LaTeX with 1 figure. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Letter

Radio Pulse Properties of the Millisecond Pulsar PSR J0437-4715. I. Observations at 20cm

We present a total of 48 minutes of observations of the nearby, bright millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 taken at the Parkes radio observatory in Australia. The data were obtained at a central radio frequency of 1380 MHz using a high-speed tape recorder that permitted coherent Nyquist sampling of 50 MHz of bandwidth in each of two polarizations. Using the high time resolution available from this voltage recording technique, we have studied a variety of single-pulse properties, most for the first time in a millisecond pulsar. We find no evidence for "diffractive" quantization effects in the individual pulse arrival times or amplitudes as have been reported for this pulsar at lower radio frequency using coarser time resolution (Ables et al. 1997). Overall, we find that the single pulse properties of PSR J0437-4715 are similar to those of the common slow-rotating pulsars, even though this pulsar's magnetosphere and surface magnetic field are several orders of magnitude smaller than those of the general population. The pulsar radio emission mechanism must therefore be insensitive to these fundamental neutron star properties.Comment: 24 Postscript pages, 11 eps figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Abbreviated abstract follow

A Group Theoretical Identification of Integrable Equations in the Li\'enard Type Equation x¨+f(x)x˙+g(x)=0\ddot{x}+f(x)\dot{x}+g(x) = 0 : Part II: Equations having Maximal Lie Point Symmetries

In this second of the set of two papers on Lie symmetry analysis of a class of Li\'enard type equation of the form $\ddot {x} + f(x)\dot {x} + g(x)= 0$, where over dot denotes differentiation with respect to time and $f(x)$ and $g(x)$ are smooth functions of their variables, we isolate the equations which possess maximal Lie point symmetries. It is well known that any second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation which admits eight parameter Lie point symmetries is linearizable to free particle equation through point transformation. As a consequence all the identified equations turn out to be linearizable. We also show that one can get maximal Lie point symmetries for the above Li\'enard equation only when $f_{xx} =0$ (subscript denotes differentiation). In addition, we discuss the linearising transformations and solutions for all the nonlinear equations identified in this paper.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Mathematical Physic

INFLUENCE OF AGING ON THE DYNAMICS OF LATERAL STABILIZATION IN WALKING, IN DIFFERENT EXPERIHENTAL CONDITIONS RELATED TO SHOE WEARING AND FLOOR HARDNESS

Review of biomechanics literature on the influence of aging on the locomotor system indicates that safe load bearing as well as deformation sustaining capabilities of biological tissues decrease with age. Postural studies of older populations have di8closed more body sway than in younger age groups and have often associated loss of balance with locomotion problems of old age people. On the other hand, biomechanical studies of walking and running have already demonstrated t h a t wearing shoes and shoe characteristics can play an important r o l e in shock absorption. However the influence of aging on the dynamic of lateral stabilization in walking in relationship with shoe wearing and floor hardness has received very little attention. Such a biomechanical approach t o locomotion is becoming more important since more and more older people are involved in sport and fitness activities including some form of locomotion. The present study has been undertaken in order to investigate the influence of aging together with shoe wearing and floor hardness on some of the main components, of lateral stabilization in walking, namely the lateral forces, the lateral impulse and the lateral deviation o f the center of pressure. Three groups of 15 physically active male subjects (17-22, 40-45 and 65-70 years old) were instructed to walk on a tri-dimensional force platform a t a predetermined pace set with a metronome;. Experimental conditions included walking barefoot and with regular shoes, on a hard and a softer surfaces. Kinetic data were recorded on the 5th, 25th, 50th, 100th and 500th steps for each condition, with the use of the computerized . Ariel Performance Analysis System. Analysis of the results disclosed important differences between the age groups in all three experimental parameters. Lower lateral forces exerted by the older age group lead t o the hypothesis of a different stabilization strategy based on energy saving. Findings were also discussed in relationship with the lateral stabilization process and applications were made to sport and fitness activities a s well a s the daily living situations

Single Pulse Characteristics of the Millisecond Radio Pulsar PSR B1937+21 at 430 MHz

The single-pulse characteristics of the millisecond pulsar PSR B1937+21 are studied using the recently installed Caltech baseband recorder at the Arecibo Radio Observatory in Puerto Rico. This is the first such analysis of this object that includes both average intensity pulses as well as "giant pulses." Pulse ensemble-averaging techniques are developed in order to study the characteristics of PSR B1937+21's single pulses since the high time resolution signal-to-noise ratio is less than unity. This analysis reveals that the non-giant pulse radio emission is extremely stable. All observed fluctuations are consistent with diffractive interstellar scattering. Such intrinsic stability has yet to be observed in other radio pulsars

Results of seed tests for 1917, Bulletin, no. 186

The Bulletin is a publication of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire

Results of seed tests for 1915, Bulletin, no. 177

The Bulletin is a publication of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire

Results of seed tests for 1916, Bulletin, no. 180

The Bulletin is a publication of the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire

The first detection of coherent emission from radio pulsars

The statistical properties of the radio emission from the pulsars B0823+26, B0950+08, B1133+16, and B1937+21 are studied using high time resolution observations taken at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. Temporally coherent non-Gaussian emission has been detected in three of the four observed objects. This is the first time such a phenomenon has been observed. The results have been interpreted using a generalized shot noise model, and various basic physical quantities pertaining to the magnetospheric plasma have been estimated

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis risk and liver disease.

Objective. Evaluate the incidence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with liver disease in the peritransplant period. Materials and Methods. This IRB approved study retrospectively reviewed patients requiring transplantation for cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or both from 2003 to 2013. Records were reviewed identifying those having gadolinium enhanced MRI within 1 year of posttransplantation to document degree of liver disease, renal disease, and evidence for NSF. Results. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI was performed on 312 of 837 patients, including 23 with severe renal failure (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 cm(2)) and 289 with GFR > 30. Two of 23 patients with renal failure developed NSF compared to zero NSF cases in 289 patients with GFR > 30 (0/289; P < 0.003). High dose gadodiamide was used in the two NSF cases. There was no increased incidence of NSF with severe liver disease (1/71) compared to nonsevere liver disease (1/241; P = 0.412). Conclusion. Renal disease is a risk factor for NSF, but in our small sample our evidence suggests liver disease is not an additional risk factor, especially if a low-risk gadolinium agent is used. Noting that not all patients received high-risk gadolinium, a larger study focusing on patients receiving high-risk gadolinium is needed to further evaluate NSF risk in liver disease in the peritransplant period